Download or read book Stereotype Threat written by Michael Inzlicht and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century has brought with it unparalleled levels of diversity in the classroom and the workforce. It is now common to see in elementary school, high school, and university classrooms, not to mention boardrooms and factory floors, a mixture of ethnicities, races, genders, and religious affiliations. But these changes in academic and economic opportunities have not directly translated into an elimination of group disparities in academic performance, career opportunities, and levels of advancement. Standard explanations for these disparities, which are vehemently debated in the scientific community and popular press, range from the view that women and minorities are genetically endowed with inferior abilities to the view that members of these demographic groups are products of environments that frustrate the development of the skills needed for success. Although these explanations differ along a continuum of nature vs. nurture, they share in common a presumption that a large chunk of our population lacks the potential to achieve academic and career success.In contrast to intractable factors like biology or upbringing, the research summarized in this book suggests that factors in one's immediate situation play a critical yet underappreciated role in temporarily suppressing the intellectual performance of women and minorities, creating an illusion of group differences in ability. Research conducted over the course of the last fifteen years suggests the mere existence of cultural stereotypes that assert the intellectual inferiority of these groups creates a threatening intellectual environment for stigmatized individuals - a climate where anything they say or do is interpreted through the lens of low expectations. This stereotype threat can ultimately interfere with intellectual functioning and academic engagement, setting the stage for later differences in educational attainment, career choice, and job advancement.

Download or read book Unwinding Madness written by Gerald S. Gurney and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2016-12-13 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical look at the tension between the larger role of the university and the commercialization of college sports Unwinding Madness is the most comprehensive examination to date of how the NCAA has lost its way in the governance of intercollegiate athletics—and why it is incapable of achieving reform and must be replaced. The NCAA has placed commercial success above its responsibilities to protect the academic primacy, health and well-being of college athletes and fallen into an educational, ethical, and economic crisis. As long as intercollegiate athletics reside in the higher education environment, these programs must be academically compatible with their larger institutions, subordinate to their educational mission, and defensible from a not-for-profit organizational standpoint. The issue has never been a matter of whether intercollegiate athletics belongs in higher education as an extracurricular offering. Rather, the perennial challenge has been how these programs have been governed and conducted. The authors propose detailed solutions, starting with the creation of a new national governance organization to replace the NCAA. At the college level, these proposals will not diminish the revenue production capacity of sports programs but will restore academic integrity to the enterprise, provide fairer treatment of college athletes with better health protections, and restore the rights and freedoms of athletes, which have been taken away by a professionalized athletics mentality that controls the cost of its athlete labor force and overpays coaches and athletic directors. Unwinding Madness recognizes that there is no easy fix to the problems now facing college athletics. But the book does offer common sense, doable solutions that respect the rights of athletes, protects their health and well-being while delivering on the promise of a bona fide educational degree program.

Download or read book From Exploitation Back to Empowerment written by Joseph N. Cooper and published by Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Exploitation Back to Empowerment: Black Male Holistic (Under)Development Through Sport and (Mis)education addresses three major issues: the under theorization of Black male athletes' socialization processes, deficit-based theories on Black male athletes, and the lack of expansive analyses of Black male athletes from diverse backgrounds.

Download or read book The Game of Life written by James L. Shulman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-15 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The President of Williams College faces a firestorm for not allowing the women's lacrosse team to postpone exams to attend the playoffs. The University of Michigan loses $2.8 million on athletics despite averaging 110,000 fans at each home football game. Schools across the country struggle with the tradeoffs involved with recruiting athletes and updating facilities for dozens of varsity sports. Does increasing intensification of college sports support or detract from higher education's core mission? James Shulman and William Bowen introduce facts into a terrain overrun by emotions and enduring myths. Using the same database that informed The Shape of the River, the authors analyze data on 90,000 students who attended thirty selective colleges and universities in the 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s. Drawing also on historical research and new information on giving and spending, the authors demonstrate how athletics influence the class composition and campus ethos of selective schools, as well as the messages that these institutions send to prospective students, their parents, and society at large. Shulman and Bowen show that athletic programs raise even more difficult questions of educational policy for small private colleges and highly selective universities than they do for big-time scholarship-granting schools. They discover that today's athletes, more so than their predecessors, enter college less academically well-prepared and with different goals and values than their classmates--differences that lead to different lives. They reveal that gender equity efforts have wrought large, sometimes unanticipated changes. And they show that the alumni appetite for winning teams is not--as schools often assume--insatiable. If a culprit emerges, it is the unquestioned spread of a changed athletic culture through the emulation of highly publicized teams by low-profile sports, of men's programs by women's, and of athletic powerhouses by small colleges. Shulman and Bowen celebrate the benefits of collegiate sports, while identifying the subtle ways in which athletic intensification can pull even prestigious institutions from their missions. By examining how athletes and other graduates view The Game of Life--and how colleges shape society's view of what its rules should be--Bowen and Shulman go far beyond sports. They tell us about higher education today: the ways in which colleges set policies, reinforce or neglect their core mission, and send signals about what matters.

Download or read book Scandals in College Sports written by Shaun R. Harper and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scandals in College Sports includes 21 classic and contemporary case studies and ethical dilemmas showcasing challenges that threatened the integrity and credibility of intercollegiate sports programs at a range of institutional types across the country. Cases cover NCAA policy violations and ethical dilemmas involving student-athletes, coaches, and other stakeholders, including scandals of academic misconduct, illegal recruiting practices, sexual assault, inappropriate sexual relationships, hazing, concussions, and point shaving. Each chapter author explores the details of the specific case, presents the dilemma in a broader sociocultural context, and ultimately offers an alternative ending to help guide future practice. This timely book highlights the impact that sports have on institutions of higher education and guides college leaders and educators in informed discussions of policy and practice.

Download or read book The New Plantation written by B. Hawkins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Plantation examines the controversial relationship between predominantly White NCAA Division I Institutions (PWI s) and black athletes, utilizing an internal colonial model. It provides a much-needed in-depth analysis to fully comprehend the magnitude of the forces at work that impact black athletes experiences at PWI s. Hawkins provides a conceptual framework for understanding the structural arrangements of PWI s and how they present challenges to Black athletes academic success; yet, challenges some have overcome and gone on to successful careers, while many have succumbed to these prevailing structural arrangements and have not benefited accordingly. The work is a call for academic reform, collective accountability from the communities that bear the burden of nurturing this athletic talent and the institutions that benefit from it, and collective consciousness to the Black male athletes that make of the largest percentage of athletes who generate the most revenue for the NCAA and its member institutions. Its hope is to promote a balanced exchange in the athletic services rendered and the educational services received.

Download or read book Racism in College Athletics written by Dana D. Brooks and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Features several articles from leading scholars, including The African American Athlete: Social Myths and Stereotypes, Sociohistorical Influences on African American Elite Sportswomen and Race Law and College Athletics.

Download or read book Measuring Noncognitive Variables written by William Sedlacek and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Co-published in association with Big Picture Learning.Measuring Noncognitive Variables: Improving Admissions, Success, and Retention for Underrepresented Students is written for admissions professionals, counselors, faculty and advisers who admit, teach, or work with students during the admissions process and post-enrollment period. It brings together theory, research and practice related to noncognitive variables in a practical way by using assessment methods provided at no cost. Noncognitive variables have been shown to correlate with the academic success of students of all races, cultures, and backgrounds. Noncognitive variables include personal and social dimensions, adjustment, motivation, and student perceptions, rather than the traditional verbal and quantitative areas (often called cognitive) typically measured by standardized tests.Key Features include:* Models that raise concepts related to innovation, diversity and racism in proactive ways* Examples of admission and post-enrollment applications that show how schools and programs can use noncognitive variables in a variety of ways * Additional examples from foundations, professional associations, and K-12 programs* An overview of the limitations of traditional assessment methods such as admission tests, grades, and courses takenEducation professionals involved in the admissions process will find this guide effectively informs their practice. This guide is also appropriate as a textbook in a range of courses offered in Higher Education and Student Affairs Masters and PhD programs.

Download or read book Darwin s Athletes written by John Hoberman and published by HMH. This book was released on 1997-11-03 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A “provocative, disturbing, important” look at how society’s obsession with athletic achievement undermines African Americans (The New York Times). Very few pastimes in America cross racial, regional, cultural, and economic boundaries the way sports do. From the near-religious respect for Sunday Night Football to obsessions with stars like Tiger Woods, Serena Williams, and Michael Jordan, sports are as much a part of our national DNA as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. But hidden within this reverence—shared by the media, corporate America, even the athletes themselves—is a dark narrative of division, social pathology, and racism. In Darwin’s Athletes, John Hoberman takes a controversial look at the profound and disturbing effect that the worship of sports, and specifically of black players, has on national race relations. From exposing the perpetuation of stereotypes of African American violence and criminality to examining the effect that athletic dominance has on perceptions of intelligence to delving into misconceptions of racial biology, Hoberman tackles difficult questions about the sometimes subtle ways that bigotry can be reinforced, and the nature of discrimination. An important discussion on sports, cultural attitudes, and dangerous prejudices, Darwin’s Athletes is a “provocative book” that serves as required reading in the ongoing debate of America’s racial divide (Publishers Weekly).

Download or read book Playing the Game Self Presentation and Black Male College Athletes written by Jonathan E. Howe and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2024-12-15 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black male college athletes are among the most recognizable individuals within a collegiate setting—particularly in relation to their athletic abilities. Consequently, the knowledge shared of this population’s experiences is often constrained to those athletic pursuits, which can minimize and delegitimize their holistic experiences, including encountering anti-Black racism, identity development and negotiation, and the navigation of their varied environments. Playing the Game, Self-Presentation, and Black Male College Athletes: A Critical Understanding of the Holistic Experience by Jonathan E. Howe addresses the limitations of this singular focus by providing a critical comprehensive overview of Black male college athletes’ lived experiences through self-presentation. Grounded in empirical research, the text outlines the theory and associated process of self-presentation for Black male college athletes. The theory of self-presentation for Black male college athletes incorporates critical insights accounting for multilevel factors (e.g., macro, meso, and micro), varied social and personal identities, and individualized psychosocial developmental processes. These processes for Black male college athletes include a dynamic relationship between internal and external factors and the ability of Black male college athletes to make meaning of their identities in relation to their desired self-presentation outcomes. The nuanced analyses and self-presentation model for Black male college athletes have vital implications for higher education institutions, college athletic departments, and Black male athletes.

Download or read book Qualitative Inquiry in Clinical and Educational Settings written by Danica G. Hays and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-08-16 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly readable text demystifies the qualitative research process—and helps readers conceptualize their own studies—by organizing the different research paradigms and traditions into coherent clusters. Real-world examples and firsthand perspectives illustrate the research process; instructive exercises and activities build on each other so readers can develop their own proposals or reports as they work through the book. Provided are strategies for selecting a research topic, entering and exiting sites, and navigating the complexities of ethical issues and the researcher's role. Readers learn how to use a range of data collection methods—including observational strategies, interviewing, focus groups, e-mail and chat rooms, and arts-based media—and to manage, analyze, and report the resulting data. Useful pedagogical features include:*In-class and field activities to apply qualitative concepts.*Discussion questions, proposal development exercises, and reflexive journal activities.*Exemplary qualitative studies and two sample proposals.*Cautionary notes, or "Wild Cards," about possible research pitfalls.*Tables that summarize concepts and present helpful tips.

Download or read book Black Americans Views of Racial Inequality written by Lee Sigelman and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1994-05-27 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of black opinions about the sources of their inequality in American society and the appropriate means for redressing this.

Download or read book Out of Bounds written by Lori Latrice Martin and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays highlights the controversies surrounding racism in sports and African American athletes, examining the racial discrimination that exists in one of the most public arenas in the 21st century. Despite increasing diversity in the American population, race and racial bias continue to be significant issues in the United States. Sports—one of the most visible and important subsets of American culture—directly reflect our society's beliefs about race. This book examines racial controversy and conflict in various sports in the United States in both previous eras as well as the current "Age of Obama." The essays in the work explain how racial ideologies are created and recreated in all areas of public life, including the world of sports. The authors address a wide range of sports, including ones where racial minorities are in the numerical minority, such as hockey. Specific topics covered include the devaluation of black athletes, racism in Major League Baseball, and the treatment of black female athletes.

Download or read book Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods written by David L. Morgan and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2013-06-21 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on research designs for projects that collect both qualitative and quantitative data, this practical book discusses strategies for bringing qualitative and quantitative methods together so that their combined strengths accomplish more than is possible with a single method. The approach is broadly interdisciplinary, reflecting the interest in mixed methods research of social scientists from anthropology, communication, criminal justice, education, evaluation, nursing, organizational behavior, psychology, political science, public administration, public health, sociology, social work, and urban studies. In contrast to an "anything goes" approach or a naïve hope that "two methods are better than one," the author argues that projects using mixed methods must pay even more attention to research design than single method approaches. The book’s practical emphasis on mixed methods makes it useful both to active researchers and to students who intend to pursue such a career.

Download or read book Career Transitions in Sport written by David Lavallee and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was written for sport psychologists and other practitioners who are concerned with the well-being of athletes who are facing the difficult transition from a sports career and the regret anxiety and identity loss that can accompany retirement. This is a groundbreaking collaboration by international scholars providing an overview of empirical theoretical and applied perspectives on sports career transitions.

Download or read book Race Racism and Sports Journalism written by Neil Farrington and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with a theoretical discussion of race, sport and media, this book critically examines issues of race, racism and sports journalism and offers practical advice on sports reporting, including a discussion of guidelines for ethical journalism. In a series of case studies, representations of race will be explored through historical and contemporary analysis of international media coverage, including online and digital platforms. The background and impacts of these representations will also be discussed through interviews with athletes and sports journalists. Subjects covered include: cricketin the UK, Australian and Asian media, with particular focus on Pakistan athleticsand media representations of athletes, including a study of the reporting of South African runner Caster Semenya footballand the under-representation of British-Asians, with an analysis of how race is constructed in the digital arena boxingwith particular reference to Muhammad Ali, America and Islam Formula Oneand analysis of the media reporting, international spectator response and racism towards Lewis Hamilton, described in the media as the first black driver. Finally, the book will analyse the make-up of sports journalism, examining the causes and consequences of a lack of diversity within the profession.

Download or read book Black Males and Intercollegiate Athletics written by Robert A. Bennett III and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-03 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the issues African American males face not only as participants in athletic competition as student-athletes but also as coaches, administrators, and academic support staff. It will serve as a valuable resource for educational policy makers, especially athletic association personnel (i.e. NCAA), and other constituents.