Download or read book Crowd Behavior Simulation of Pedestrians During Evacuation Process written by Noorhazlinda Abd Rahman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-04 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the use of the distinct element method (DEM) in modeling crowd behavior and simulating evacuation processes. Focusing on the mathematical computation of the uncertain behavior of evacuees, which is switching action behavior, it subsequently reproduces the crowd evacuation process under several conjectural scenarios using a DEM-based multi-agent model that has been modified by introducing the switching action behavior. The proposed switching action behavior model describes a person who has to change his/her destination due to the limited space capacity of the designated evacuation area. The change in the destination of a person is determined according to the motion of other individuals in the perception domain during the defined switching action time. The switching action time is formulated in the so-called switching action function, which is described by a convolution integral of the input and unit response functions. The newly developed switching action model is then validated using sensitivity analysis in which the primary focus is the crowd motion and flow of switching action behavior.
Download or read book Pedestrians 2014 written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2464 consists of papers that address a safety performance study of shared pedestrian and vehicle space; impacts of alternative yield sign placement on pedestrian safety; mitigation of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts at stop-controlled t-intersections; development of a low-cost methodology for evaluating pedestrian safety in support of complete streets policy implementation; walkability indicators for pedestrian-friendly designs; driver approach speed and its impact on driver yielding to pedestrian behavior at unsignalized crosswalks; pedestrian protection airbags; driver and pedestrian behaviors at enhanced, multilane, midblock pedestrian crossings; and influences of light rail, built environment, and residential self-selection on pedestrian travel. This issue of the TRR also examines pedestrian and bicyclist compliance and safety impacts of walk modes at signalized intersections; long-term impacts of California Safe Routes to School program; impacts of intersection design on pedestrians' choice to cross on red; data-driven approaches to coordinate engineering, education, and enforcement; a planning-level model for assessing pedestrian safety; walking behaviors by trip purposes; a perception-based walkability index; far-side audible beaconing of accessible pedestrian signals; and closed-course study of driver detection of pedestrians beyond flashing beacons within sign assembly.
Download or read book The Best American Poetry 2014 written by David Lehman and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2014-09-09 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collects poems chosen by the editors as the best of 2014, featuring works by John Ashbery, Anne Carson, Mary Ruefle, Frederick Seidel, and others.
Download or read book Environmental Health written by Howard Frumkin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-09 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bestselling environmental health text, with all new coverage of key topics Environmental Health: From Global to Local is a comprehensive introduction to the subject, and a contemporary, authoritative text for students of public health, environmental health, preventive medicine, community health, and environmental studies. Edited by the former director of the CDC's National Center for Environmental Health and current dean of the School of Public Health at the University of Washington, this book provides a multi-faceted view of the topic, and how it affects different regions, populations, and professions. In addition to traditional environmental health topics—air, water, chemical toxins, radiation, pest control—it offers remarkably broad, cross-cutting coverage, including such topics as building design, urban and regional planning, energy, transportation, disaster preparedness and response, climate change, and environmental psychology. This new third edition maintains its strong grounding in evidence, and has been revised for greater readability, with new coverage of ecology, sustainability, and vulnerable populations, with integrated coverage of policy issues, and with a more global focus. Environmental health is a critically important topic, and it reaches into fields as diverse as communications, technology, regulatory policy, medicine, and law. This book is a well-rounded guide that addresses the field's most pressing concerns, with a practical bent that takes the material beyond theory. Explore the cross-discipline manifestations of environmental health Understand the global ramifications of population and climate change Learn how environmental issues affect health and well-being closer to home Discover how different fields incorporate environmental health perspectives The first law of ecology reminds is that 'everything is connected to everything else.' Each piece of the system affects the whole, and the whole must sustain us all for the long term. Environmental Health lays out the facts, makes the connections, and demonstrates the importance of these crucial issues to human health and well-being, both on a global scale, and in our homes, workplaces, and neighborhoods.
Download or read book America the Owner s Manual written by Bob Graham and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2016, Americans fed up with the political process vented that frustration with their votes. Republicans nominated for president a wealthy businessman and former reality show host best known on the campaign trail for his sharp rhetoric against immigration and foreign trade. Democrats nearly selected a self-described socialist who ran on a populist platform against the influence of big money in politics. While it is not surprising that Americans would channel their frustrations into votes for contenders who pledge to end business as usual, the truth is that we don’t have to pin our hopes for greater participation on any one candidate. All of us have a say—if we learn, master and practice the skills of effective citizenship. One of the biggest roadblocks to participation in democracy is the perception that privileged citizens and special interests command the levers of power and that everyday Americans can’t fight City Hall. That perception is undoubtedly why a 2015 Pew Charitable Trusts survey found that 74 percent of those Americans surveyed believed that most elected officials didn't care what people like them thought. Graham and Hand intend to change that conventional wisdom by showing citizens how to flex their citizenship muscles. They describe effective citizenship skills and provide tips from civic experts. Even more importantly, they offer numerous examples of everyday Americans who have used their skills to make democracy respond. The reader will see themselves in these examples of citizens who chose to be victorious participants rather than tranquil spectators in the arena of democracy. By the end of the book, you will have new confidence that citizen participation is the lifeblood of America -- and will be ready to make governments work for you, not the other way around.
Download or read book Traffic Safety and Human Behavior written by David Shinar and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-22 with total page 1264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive 2nd edition covers the key issues that relate human behavior to traffic safety. In particular it covers the increasing roles that pedestrians and cyclists have in the traffic system; the role of infotainment in driver distraction; and the increasing role of driver assistance systems in changing the driver-vehicle interaction.
Download or read book Multiscale Modeling of Pedestrian Dynamics written by Emiliano Cristiani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-12 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents mathematical models and numerical simulations of crowd dynamics. The core topic is the development of a new multiscale paradigm, which bridges the microscopic and macroscopic scales taking the most from each of them for capturing the relevant clues of complexity of crowds. The background idea is indeed that most of the complex trends exhibited by crowds are due to an intrinsic interplay between individual and collective behaviors. The modeling approach promoted in this book pursues actively this intuition and profits from it for designing general mathematical structures susceptible of application also in fields different from the inspiring original one. The book considers also the two most traditional points of view: the microscopic one, in which pedestrians are tracked individually and the macroscopic one, in which pedestrians are assimilated to a continuum. Selected existing models are critically analyzed. The work is addressed to researchers and graduate students.
Download or read book Pedestrian Accidents written by Antony J. Chapman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Interactions among Pedestrians and Cars in Shared Spaces written by Fatema Tuj Johora and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-21 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, a novel agent-based, realistic, and general motion model of pedestrians and (human-driven) vehicles is proposed. It can capture a large variety of interactions and be utilized to assess the applicability of different shared space schemes and in the advent of autonomous vehicles. Sustainable urban traffic and transport is a key to successful future development of our society. Urban traffic is predicted to increase further, and the lack of traffic space makes it undesirable to maintain today's strict separation of different modalities. Shared space design principles promote a flexible use of traffic infrastructure by enabling different traffic modalities to share the same space with few or no explicit regulations. Simulation technologies are becoming an essential tool for traffic planners and managers to analyze future urban areas before new concepts and technologies are applied on the road. The proposed simulation model can suitably replicate the motion behaviors of pedestrians and vehicles from new environments with incremental integration of new behaviors and calibrating model parameters.
Download or read book Pedestrians Urban Spaces and Health written by Maurizio Tira and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-31 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, citizens advocate greater environmental sustainability, better services and the improvement of urban quality by promoting safer mobility and health. Addressing these issues, Pedestrians, Urban spaces and Health contains the papers presented at the XXIV International Conference "Living and Walking in Cities" (Brescia, Italy, 12-13 September 2019). The contributions discuss town planning issues, look at best practices and research findings across the broad spectrum of urban and transport planning, with particular attention to the safety of pedestrians in the city. The main topics of the book are: Walking experiences Urban spaces and Redevelopment Healthy cities (as Urban resilience and for Weakest users) Pedestrians, Urban spaces and Health is a powerful plea for a multi-disciplinary and comprehensive approach to urban mobility and planning, and will be of interest to academics, consultants and practitioners interested in these areas.
Download or read book Pedestrian Collisions written by Christopher Armstrong and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2018-11-02 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collision Reconstruction Methodologies - Volume 10B - The last ten years have seen explosive growth in the technology available to the collision analyst, changing the way reconstruction is practiced in fundamental ways. The greatest technological advances for the crash reconstruction community have come in the realms of photogrammetry and digital media analysis. The widespread use of scanning technology has facilitated the implementation of powerful new tools to digitize forensic data, create 3D models and visualize and analyze crash vehicles and environments. The introduction of unmanned aerial systems and standardization of crash data recorders to the crash reconstruction community have enhanced the ability of a crash analyst to visualize and model the components of a crash reconstruction. Because of the technological changes occurring in the industry, many SAE papers have been written to address the validation and use of new tools for collision reconstruction. Collision Reconstruction Methodologies Volumes 1-12 bring together seminal SAE technical papers surrounding advancements in the crash reconstruction field. Topics featured in the series include: • Night Vision Study and Photogrammetry • Vehicle Event Data Recorders • Motorcycle, Heavy Vehicle, Bicycle and Pedestrian Accident Reconstruction The goal is to provide the latest technologies and methodologies being introduced into collision reconstruction - appealing to crash analysts, consultants and safety engineers alike.
Download or read book N 2 Supersymmetric Dynamics for Pedestrians written by Yuji Tachikawa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-15 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the dynamics of gauge theories is crucial, given the fact that all known interactions are based on the principle of local gauge symmetry. Beyond the perturbative regime, however, this is a notoriously difficult problem. Requiring invariance under supersymmetry turns out to be a suitable tool for analyzing supersymmetric gauge theories over a larger region of the space of parameters. Supersymmetric quantum field theories in four dimensions with extended N=2 supersymmetry are further constrained and have therefore been a fertile field of research in theoretical physics for quite some time. Moreover, there are far-reaching mathematical ramifications that have led to a successful dialogue with differential and algebraic geometry. These lecture notes aim to introduce students of modern theoretical physics to the fascinating developments in the understanding of N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories in a coherent fashion. Starting with a gentle introduction to electric-magnetic duality, the author guides readers through the key milestones in the field, which include the work of Seiberg and Witten, Nekrasov, Gaiotto and many others. As an advanced graduate level text, it assumes that readers have a working knowledge of supersymmetry including the formalism of superfields, as well as of quantum field theory techniques such as regularization, renormalization and anomalies. After his graduation from the University of Tokyo, Yuji Tachikawa worked at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton and the Kavli Institute for Physics and Mathematics of the Universe. Presently at the Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tachikawa is the author of several important papers in supersymmetric quantum field theories and string theory.
Download or read book Right of Way written by Angie Schmitt and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The face of the pedestrian safety crisis looks a lot like Ignacio Duarte-Rodriguez. The 77-year old grandfather was struck in a hit-and-run crash while trying to cross a high-speed, six-lane road without crosswalks near his son’s home in Phoenix, Arizona. He was one of the more than 6,000 people killed while walking in America in 2018. In the last ten years, there has been a 50 percent increase in pedestrian deaths. The tragedy of traffic violence has barely registered with the media and wider culture. Disproportionately the victims are like Duarte-Rodriguez—immigrants, the poor, and people of color. They have largely been blamed and forgotten. In Right of Way, journalist Angie Schmitt shows us that deaths like Duarte-Rodriguez’s are not unavoidable “accidents.” They don’t happen because of jaywalking or distracted walking. They are predictable, occurring in stark geographic patterns that tell a story about systemic inequality. These deaths are the forgotten faces of an increasingly urgent public-health crisis that we have the tools, but not the will, to solve. Schmitt examines the possible causes of the increase in pedestrian deaths as well as programs and movements that are beginning to respond to the epidemic. Her investigation unveils why pedestrians are dying—and she demands action. Right of Way is a call to reframe the problem, acknowledge the role of racism and classism in the public response to these deaths, and energize advocacy around road safety. Ultimately, Schmitt argues that we need improvements in infrastructure and changes to policy to save lives. Right of Way unveils a crisis that is rooted in both inequality and the undeterred reign of the automobile in our cities. It challenges us to imagine and demand safer and more equitable cities, where no one is expendable.
Download or read book Road Infrastructure Inclusive Development and Traffic Safety in Korea written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-04-22 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report combines empirical research on the relationship between road infrastructure, inclusive economic development and traffic safety with an assessment of policies and governance structures to help governments find ways to create effective, safe and inclusive transport infrastructures.
Download or read book Transforming Urban Transport written by Diane E. Davis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transforming Urban Transport brings into focus the origins and implementation pathways of significant urban transport innovations that have recently been adopted in major, democratically governed world cities that are seeking to advance sustainability aims. It documents how proponents of new transportation initiatives confronted a range of administrative, environmental, fiscal, and political obstacles by using a range of leadership skills, technical resources, and negotiation capacities to move a good idea from the drawing board to implementation. The book's eight case studies focus on cities of great interest across the globe--Los Angeles, Mexico City, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Seoul, Stockholm, and Vienna--many of which are known for significant mayor leadership and efforts to rescale power from the nation to the city. The cases highlight innovations likely to be of interest to transport policy makers from all corners, such as strengthening public transportation services, vehicle and traffic management measures, repurposing roads and other urban spaces away from their initial function as vehicle travel corridors, and turning sidewalks and city streets into more pedestrian-friendly places for walking, cycling, and leisure. Aside from their transformative impacts in transportation terms, many of the policy innovations examined here have altered planning institutions, public-private sector relations, civil society commitments, and governance mandates in the course of implementation. In bringing these cases to the fore, Transforming Urban Transport advances understanding of the conditions under which policy interventions can expand institutional capacities and governance mandates, particularly linked to urban sustainability. As such, it is an essential contribution to larger debates about what it takes to make cities more environmentally sustainable and the types of strategies and tactics that best advance progress on these fronts in both the short- and the long-term.
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Psychology and Quality of Life Research written by Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook presents a broad overview of the current research carried out in environmental psychology which puts into perspective quality of life and relationships with living spaces, and shows how this original analytical framework can be used to understand different environmental and societal issues. Adopting an original approach, this Handbook focuses on the links with other specialties in psychology, especially social and health psychology, together with other disciplines such as geography, architecture, sociology, anthropology, urbanism and engineering. Faced with the problems of society which involve the quality of life of individuals and communities, it is fundamental to consider the relationships an individual has with his different living spaces. This issue of the links between quality of life and environment is becoming increasingly significant with, at a local level, problems resulting from different types of annoyances, such as pollution and noise, while, at a global level, there is the central question of climate change with its harmful consequences for humans and the planet. How can the impact on well-being of environmental nuisances and threats (for example, natural risks, pollution, and noise) be reduced? How can the quality of life within daily living spaces (home, cities, work environments) be improved? Why is it important to understand the psychological issues of our relationship with the global environment (climatic warming, ecological behaviours)? This Handbook is intended not only for students of various disciplines (geography, architecture, psychology, town planning, etc.) but also for social decision-makers and players who will find in it both theoretical and methodological perspectives, so that psychological and environmental dimensions can be better taken into account in their working practices.
Download or read book Livable Streets 2 0 written by Bruce Appleyard and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Livable Streets 2.0 offers a thorough examination of the struggle between automobiles, residents, pedestrians and other users of streets, along with evidence-based, practical strategies for redesigning city street networks that support urban livability. In 1981, when Donald Appleyard’s Livable Streets was published, it was globally recognized as a groundbreaking work, one of the most influential urban design books of its time. Unfortunately, he was killed a year later by a speeding drunk driver. This latest update, Livable Streets 2.0, revisited by his son Bruce, updates on the topic with the latest research, new case studies and best practices for creating more livable streets. It is essential reading for those who influence future directions in city and transportation planning. Incorporates the most current empirical research on urban transportation and land use practices that support the need for more livable communities Includes recent case studies from around the world on successful projects, campaigns, programs, and other efforts Contains new coverage of vulnerable populations
