Download or read book Particle Concentration Measurements in a Centrifugal Slurry Pump Using an A Scan Ultrasound Technique written by John Michael Furlan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the design of slurry transport equipment used in a variety of industries, the effects of solid particle concentration on hydraulic performance and wear need to be considered. An ultrasound A-mode imaging method has been developed to obtain local particle concentration measurements in slurry flows. Acoustic properties of slurry flows including velocity, backscatter, and attenuation as a function of volume fraction of solid particles, are examined in this study using various transducers. The most suitable transducer is selected to obtain concentration measurements in slurry flows. The technique is used to obtain concentration profiles in a homogeneous (vertical flow) and a non-homogeneous (horizontal flow) slurry flow of soda lime glass beads (195 μm diameter) and water through a one inch diameter loop with solid particle concentrations ranging from 1-10 % by volume. For horizontal flow, profiles are obtained for average flow velocities of 1.2, 2.0, 3.0, and 3.5 m/s. The algorithm developed utilizes acoustic backscatter and attenuation measurements obtained from the homogeneous loop as calibration data in order to obtain concentration profiles in other (i.e. non-homogenous) flow regimes. A computational study using FLUENT is performed and a comparison is made with the experimental results. A reasonable agreement between the experimental and computational results is observed in the one inch pipe. Following transducer selection and refinement and validation of the technique, it is employed to obtain local particle concentration measurements at multiple locations within the casing of a centrifugal slurry pump. A comparison is made between the experimental results and computational results using a two phase Eulerian-Eulerian finite element model. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and Experimental results at locations F→I share the same trends and relative patterns for differing locations but have substantial differences in magnitude. The CFD consistently shows higher concentration magnitudes than the experimental data. These differences are most likely a result of an un-matched casing inlet concentration boundary condition.
Download or read book Local Particle Velocity Measurements in Slurry Flow in Pipes and Centrifugal Pumps Using Ultrasound Technique written by Mohamed Ammar Garman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The movement of slurries can cause significant wear, especially in places where slurry flow changes its direction, such as in pumps, elbows, valves etc. Therefore, wear is considered as one of the most important concerns for slurry flows as it affects the life, as well as the hydraulic, and the mechanical performance of the pumping system.The cooperation between the Case Western University's Department of Mechanical Engineering and the GIW Industries Inc. has included experimental work in order to study the Local Particle Concentration LPC in the vertical test section and within the pump casing as a first stage. The second stage was to study the Local Particle Velocity LPV in the vertical test section and within the pump casing. The information from the LPC & LPV can be used to calculate the rate of wear within the pump using CFD codes.This project involves applying the ultrasound technique to measure the local particle velocity within the pump using a Pulsed Ultrasound Doppler Velocimetry Device (PUDV). The experimental results are then compared with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Results. Different setups have been used to conduct experiments to determine which setup is appropriate for the current study, Different techniques have been used to determine the LPV such as direct or indirect measurement of the particle velocity (i.e. the two-measurement technique). Based on the obtained results, the two-measurement technique is the most suitable way to measure the particle velocity profile.
Download or read book Slurry Transport Using Centrifugal Pumps written by Robert Visintainer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-03 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the industry leading short course of the same name hosted by the GIW Industries Hydraulic Laboratory and founded by Dr. Roland Clift and Graeme Addie, who together with Dr. Ken Wilson continued its development and authored the first edition of this textbook. This fourth edition has been extensively updated by the international team of engineers and authors who inherited this legacy and continue its development to the present day. Focusing on the hydraulic design of slurry pipelines, the pumps that power them, and the interactions between pumps and systems, it retains the classroom tested balance of theoretical development and practical engineering which have made it a slurry transport classic. The topics covered are important to slurry system engineers for the optimization of new designs, as well as the operators of existing systems, who may need to calculate and plan for changing conditions from day to day. Updates to the fourth edition include: · Careful formulation of the theoretical concepts, providing greater clarity of slurry flow dynamics, including a new chapter on the principles and characterization of slurry flows. · Expansion of the 4-Component Models for settling slurry pipeline flow and pump solids effect, based on an extensive series of full-sized tests. · An expanded treatment of complex slurries, including a broader discussion of non-Newtonian fluids and their interaction with coarse particles. · A new chapter on test methods, presenting an overview of slurry system instrumentation, modern techniques for characterizing slurry rheology, and practical advice for planning and executing a slurry test. · An overview of advances in the computational modeling of slurries, including an in-depth parametric study of slurry pump wear and operating cost. The authors highlight methods for achieving energy efficiency, which are crucial to the effective use of scarce resources, given the foundational role of slurry transport systems in the energy intensive industries of mining and dredging. Key concepts are supported with case studies and worked examples. Slurry Transport Using Centrifugal Pumps, fourth edition, is both methodical and in-depth. It is ideal as a teaching tool for classroom or self-directed learning domains, and valuable as a design guide for engineer practitioners at all experience levels.
Download or read book Particle Concentration Measurement in Slurry Flows Using Ultrasound Technique written by Venkat Mundla and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rotating Machinery Research and Development Test Rigs written by Maurice L. Adams and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rotating Machinery Research and Development Test Rigs presents the purpose and development processes for test apparatuses built for Research & Development in machinery technology and product development. Each R & D apparatus is the focus of an entire chapter, with fifteen detailed case studies included from mechanical, aerospace, chemical and biomedical engineering. Specific machinery components covered include bearings, seals, power plant pumps, rotors, turbines and compressors. Machinery condition monitoring and product development processes have been integrated. The specific purpose and results for each test rig are comprehensively presented and explained.
Download or read book Measuring the Absolute Concentration of Particles in Suspension Using High Frequency B mode Ultrasound Imaging written by John Haeseon Lee and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concentration measurement of particles in suspension is an important procedure performed in biological and clinical laboratories. Existing methods based on instruments such as hemocytometers, coulter counters, and flow cytometers are often laborious, destructive, and incapable of in vivo measurements. An ultrasound-based method has several unique advantages. It can be nondestructive and noninvasive, which allows a much larger portion of the sample to be analyzed, improving the accuracy and decreasing required sample volume. Also, ultrasound methods have the potential for in vivo measurement in the clinical setting, where cell concentration in liquids such as cerebrospinal fluid can be measured noninvasively without requiring a lumbar puncture. In this work, a new method is presented that estimates absolute particle concentration from high frequency B-mode ultrasound images. The method is based on the detection and characterization of the echoes from individual particles to estimate the effective slice thickness of the image. Prior characterization of the sample is not required because the estimation relies only on parameters that are measured directly from the image. The particle type differential is also performed by using the backscatter coefficient. The method is demonstrated by measuring microsphere suspensions as well as human T cell suspensions using a mechanically scanned single element transducer imaging system and a VisualSonics Vevo 2100. The proposed method has a wide range of potential clinical applications including noninvasive measurement of cell concentration in biological fluids.
Download or read book Slurry Transport Using Centrifugal Pumps written by K. C. Wilson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-07 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1,1 Applications of Slurry Transport Vast tonnages are pumped every year in the form of solid-liquid mixtures, known as slurries. The application which involves the largest quantities is the dredging industry, continually maintaining navigation in harbours and rivers, altering coastlines and winning material for landfill and construction purposes. As a single dredge may be required to maintain a throughput of 7000 tonnes of slurry per hour or more, very large centrifugal pumps are used. Figures 1-1 and 1-2 show, respectively, an exterior view of this type of pump, and a view of a large dredge-pump impeller (Addie & Helmley, 1989). The manufacture of fertiliser is another process involving massive slur- transport operations. Li Florida, phosphate matrix is recovered by huge draglines in open-pit mining operations. It is then slurried, and pumped to the wash plants through pipelines with a typical length of about 10 kilometres. Each year some 34 million tonnes of matrix are transported in this manner. This industry employs centrifugal pumps that are generally smaller than those used in large dredges, but impeller diameters up to 1. 4 m are common, and drive capacity is often in excess of 1000 kW. The transport distance is typically longer than for dredging applications, and Chapter 1 Figure LI. Testing a dredge pump at the GIW Hydraulic Laboratory Figure 1. 2. Impeller for large dredge pump 1. Introduction 3 hence a series of pumping stations is often used. Figure 1-3 shows a boost- pump installation in a phosphate pipeline.
Download or read book Particle Size and Concentration Measurements in Slurries by Ultrasonic Methods written by Abhishek Shukla and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigating Ultrasonic Diffraction Grating Spectroscopy and Reflection Techniques for Characterizing Slurry Properties written by Margaret S. Greenwood and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The particle size of a slurry and the viscosity of a liquid or slurry are both difficult to measure on-line and in real time. The objectives of this research are to develop the following methods for such measurements: (1) ultrasonic diffraction grating spectroscopy (UDGS) to measure the particle size and concentration of a slurry, (2) develop theoretical models and computer codes to describe the passage of ultrasound through a grating surface in order to increase the sensitivity of the particle size measurement.
Download or read book Multiphase Flow Handbook Second Edition written by Efstathios Michaelides and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 1559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is a thoroughly updated and reorganized revision of the late Clayton Crowe’s work, and provides a detailed look at the basic concepts and the wide range of applications in this important area of thermal/fluids engineering. Revised by the new editors, Efstathios E. (Stathis) Michaelides and John D. Schwarzkopf, the new Second Edition begins with two chapters covering fundamental concepts and methods that pertain to all the types and applications of multiphase flow. The remaining chapters cover the applications and engineering systems that are relevant to all the types of multiphase flow and heat transfer. The twenty-one chapters and several sections of the book include the basic science as well as the contemporary engineering and technological applications of multiphase flow in a comprehensive way that is easy to follow and be understood. The editors created a common set of nomenclature that is used throughout the book, allowing readers to easily compare fundamental theory with currently developing concepts and applications. With contributed chapters from sixty-two leading experts around the world, the Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is an essential reference for all researchers, academics and engineers working with complex thermal and fluid systems.
Download or read book Powder Sampling and Particle Size Determination written by Terence Allen and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 2003 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Important new work in rapidly expanding field of powder technology.
Download or read book Ultrasonic Measurement Methods written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic Measurement Methods describes methods used in ultrasonic measurements and covers topics ranging from radiated fields of ultrasonic transducers to the measurement of ultrasonic velocity and ultrasonic attenuation, along with the physical principles of measurements with electromagnetic-acoustic transducers (EMATs). Optical detection of ultrasound and measurement of the electrical characteristics of piezoelectric devices are also examined. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with an analysis of the radiated fields of ultrasonic transducers, followed by a discussion on the measurement of ultrasonic velocity and attenuation. The next chapter describes the physical principles of measurement with EMATs and the advantages of such devices based on their couplant-free operation. Optical detection of ultrasound is then considered, together with the problem of measuring the electrical characteristics of piezoelectric resonators and standard methods for obtaining the equivalent electrical parameter values. The final chapter is devoted to ultrasonic pulse scattering in solids and highlights many fascinating examples of wave scattering, some of which are accompanied by theoretical analysis. This book will be of interest to physicists.
Download or read book Micro and Nanobubbles written by Hideki Tsuge and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-08-04 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbubbles and nanobubbles have several characteristics that are comparable with millimeter- and centimeter-sized bubbles. These characteristics are their small size, which results in large surface area and high bioactivity, low rising velocity, decreased friction drag, high internal pressure, large gas dissolution capacity, negatively charged surface, and ability to be crushed and form free radicals. Microbubbles and nanobubbles have found applications in a variety of fields such as engineering, agriculture, environment, food, and medicine. Microbubbles have been successfully used in aquacultures of oysters in Hiroshima, scallops in Hokkaido, and pearls in Mie Prefecture, Japan. This field has shown a strong potential for growth. This book comprehensively discusses microbubbles and nanobubbles and their application in aquaculture, environment, engineering, medicine, stock raising, agriculture, and marine industry. It presents their potential as a new technology that can be utilized globally.
Download or read book Surface Application of Paper Chemicals written by J. Brander and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the exception of a slight hiccup during the height of the recent environmental movement (during the early 1990s), when for a year or two consumers were prepared to pay a price premium for lower quality recycled paper than for the virgin product, the inexorable improvement in the quality demanded of paper products continues. This demand for quality covers not only the aesthetics ofthe product but also its performance. Moreover, it is becoming increasingly the case that papers designed for a particular use must, as it were incidentally, also perform well in alternative applications. An example is that of office and printing papers, which are expected to perform as well in copier machines as in all the various forms of impact and non-impact printers. But even greater demands are made in other product areas, where board designed for dry foods can also be expected to protect moist and fatty materials and be made of 100% recycled fibre. The need to isolate foodstuffs from some of the contaminants that can affect recycled board is a· serious challenge. Thus, papermakers are constantly striving to meet a broadening spectrum of demands on their products; often while accepting declining quality of raw materials. The product design philosophy that has arisen in response to this is increasingly to isolate the bulk of a paper from its uses: to engineer the needed performance characteristics into the paper surfaces while more or less ignoring what happens inside.
Download or read book Understanding Ultrasonic Level Measurement written by Stephen Milligan and published by Momentum Press. This book was released on 2013-01-19 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonics is a reliable and proven technology for level measurement. It has been used for decades in many diverse industries such as water treatment, mining, aggregates, cement, and plastics. Ultrasonics provides superior inventory accuracy, process control, and user safety. Understanding Ultrasonic Level Measurement is a comprehensive resource in which you will learn about the history of ultrasonics and discover insights about its systems, installation and applications. This book is designed with many user-friendly features and vital resources including: • Real-life application stories • Diagrams and recommendations that aid both the novice and advanced user in the selection and application of an ultrasonic level measurement system • Glossary of terminology
Download or read book Bubbly Flows written by Martin Sommerfeld and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarises the outcom of a priority research programme: 'Analysis, Modelling and Computation of Multiphase Flows'. The results of 24 individual research projects are presented. The main objective of the research programme was to provide a better understanding of the physical basis for multiphase gas-liquid flows as they are found in numerous chemical and biochemical reactors. The research comprises steady and unsteady multiphase flows in three frequently found reactor configurations, namely bubble columns without interiors, airlift loop reactors, and aerated stirred vessels. For this purpose new and improved measurement techniques were developed. From the resulting knowledge and data, new and refined models for describing the underlying physical processes were developed, which were used for the establishment and improvement of analytic as well as numerical methods for predicting multiphase reactors. Thereby, the development, lay-out and scale-up of such processes should be possible on a more reliable basis.
Download or read book Sewer Flow Measurement written by Philip E. Shelley and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
