Download or read book Participant Roles in Aggression Analysis of the Overt and Relational Aggression Participant Role Scales with Confirmatory Factor Analysis written by Deborah M. Casper and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The peer group is a dynamic context within which children and adolescents have a wide range of experiences, both positive and negative. Friendships provide support and a sense of belonging; however, friendships can also be contexts within which competition and aggression occur. During childhood and adolescence, aggression and victimization are likely to occur in the school context and in situations where several members of the peer group are present and sometimes actively (or passively) participating. In the seminal work related to bullying as a group process, Salmivalli and colleagues identified distinct roles that children take when enacting aggression (Salmivalli et al., 1996). Salmivalli's work, in the area of participant roles, however, has focused on overt bullying, a specific subtype of aggression which has a specific meaning within the peer relations literature. To date, the participant roles have not been measured within the context of overt and relational aggression. The purpose of the present study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Overt Aggression Participant Role Scale (OAPRS) and the Relational Aggression Participant Role Scale (RAPRS), two new scales designed by the author, to measure the aggressor, assistant, reinforcer, defender, outsider, and victim roles during acts aggression, as opposed to bullying. Additional goals include: 1) exploring the associations among the roles, 2) examining measurement equivalence across gender and grade level, and 3) exploring associations of the participant roles with measures of sociometric status and depressive symptoms. Findings point toward the psychometric properties of the two scales being quite robust. The data fit the 12 factor model and the scales measure the constructs equivalently across gender and three grade groups. The aggressor, assistant, and reinforcer roles were strongly associated as were the aggressor and victim roles. Several relational roles were highly overlapping, suggesting reciprocity of roles. Few meaningful gender or grade level differences were found resulting in more similarity in the overt and relational roles than differences. The outsider role was the only role not associated with depressive symptoms. Implications for prevention and intervention are discussed.
Download or read book Exploring the Functional Subtypes of Relational and Overt Aggression in a Sample of Detained Girls written by Monica Ann Marsee and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the current study, we investigated the association between relational aggression and measures of delinquency and overt aggression in a sample of detained adolescent girls. We also tested the validity of the distinction between reactive and proactive subtypes of relational aggression by testing their independent associations with important emotional, behavioral, personality, social, and cognitive variables that have been studied in past research and found to be important for distinguishing between reactive and proactive overt aggression. Our sample consisted of 58 predominantly African-American (78%) adolescent girls recruited from three juvenile detention centers in the southeastern United States. Participants ranged in age from 12 to 18 (Mn = 14.98; SD = 1.30). Relational aggression was measured using both self-report and observation, while overt aggression, delinquency, and social-psychological variables were measured using self-report only. As predicted, both self-reported and observed relational aggression were associated with higher rates of self-reported delinquency. Self-reported relational aggression was also associated with self-reported overt aggression, while observed relational aggression was not. On a self-report rating scale, we found evidence for four subscales that were moderately correlated and had good internal consistency. These subscales corresponded to the four aggressive subtypes (i.e., reactive overt, reactive relational, proactive overt, proactive relational). Further, we found evidence for divergence between reactive and proactive relational aggression on emotional dysregulation, CU traits, and positive outcome expectations for aggression, supporting the hypothesis that these are important subtypes that could involve distinct developmental processes, similar to reactive and proactive subtypes of overt aggression. Finally, this study found that relational aggression accounted for unique variance in callous and unemotional (CU) traits among detained girls, even after controlling for levels of overt aggression. The current findings highlight the importance of assessing relational aggression in detained girls and could have implications for designing more successful interventions for girls in the juvenile justice system.
Download or read book Practitioner s Guide to Empirically Supported Measures of Anger Aggression and Violence written by George F Ronan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-26 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains three sections. Part I includes an introductory chapter and an applied chapter on conducting a risk assessment. Part II provides a description of how the measures were organized and quick-view tables that provide easy access to measures with enough information to allow for an estimate of the likelihood that reading additional information about a particular measure would prove fruitful. Measures are organized alphabetically into tables for measures of anger, aggression, or violence. Each of the tables provides the name of the measure, the purpose for which the measure was developed, and the targeted population. The tables also provide information on the method of assessment, the amount of time required to use the measure, and the page number where additional information is available. Part II also contains the review of each measure. Part III provides examples of measures that can be copied for research or clinical purposes.
Download or read book School Social Behavior Scales User s Guide written by Kenneth W. Merrell and published by Brookes Publishing Company. This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical and easy-to-use behavior rating scale that will help school psychologists identify students' risk factors before becoming problems.
Download or read book Exploratory Factor Analysis of a Relational Aggression Self report written by Kimberly S. Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Childhood Relational Aggression written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The construct of relational aggression in children remains poorly delineated with regards to prevalence, associated impairment and gender differences therein. Some have suggested that relational aggression may be a female variant of overt aggression, however direct tests of this hypothesis are scarce. This study investigated the prevalence of relational aggression across boys and girls and the predictive utility of relational aggression for concurrent impairment (e.g., hyperactivity/impulsivity, parenting dysfunction and social skills deficits) in an elementary-aged sample (N=97). Results indicated that relational aggression existed in similar levels across gender. Furthermore, relational aggression did not uniquely predict impairment when controlling for overt aggression. These findings suggest that relational aggression is not a female variant of overt aggression, insofar as it is not associated uniquely to similar impairment. Future study on relational aggression as a construct distinct from overt aggression, with a unique profile of impairment correlates, is warranted.
Download or read book Social Aggression Among Girls written by Marion K. Underwood and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2003-04-10 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While several recent popular books address the topic of girls' "meanness" to one another, this volume offers the first balanced, scholarly analysis of scientific knowledge in this area. Integrating current research on emotion regulation, gender, and peer relations, the book examines how girls are socialized to experience and express anger and aggression from infancy through adolescence. Considered are the developmental functions of such behaviors as gossip, friendship manipulation, and social exclusion; consequences for both victims and perpetrators; and approaches to intervention and prevention. Presenting innovative research models and methods, this is an accessible and much-needed synthesis for researchers, professionals, and students. Key Features: * Hot topic, garnering coverage in general media (e.g., The New York Times Magazine) * Accessibly written, with examples clarifying abstract points * Covers and integrates both physical and social aggression
Download or read book The Lasting Effects of Relational Aggression on Women s Friendships with Other Women Including Their Relational Capacity for Others and Themselves written by Claudia D. Legarreta and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distinct from physical aggression where acts are meant to harm another's physical well-being, relational aggression is a covert mean of harming others through damage of social relationships. The present study explored the effect of relational aggression experienced during adolescence on adult female friendships, including female relational capacity. The effects of relational aggression on women's friendships are long lasting, and, therefore, it is important to learn as much as possible about the ways women develop friendships with one another and how they bridge the gap between girlhood and womanhood. This qualitative study provides a contextual understanding of the lasting effects of relational aggression on women's friendships with other women. Specifically, the research investigated the lived experiences of ten women who experienced relational aggression in adolescence and its current influence on their friendships with women using a phenomenological approach. The researcher employed individual in-depth interviews that were transcribed and analyzed for thematic content. Within the participant's interviews, the researcher identified common themes among experiences through the qualitative data analysis included how the participants defined relational aggression, how the participants develop their friendship circle, the messages given to them about how to handle conflicts, how they express their anger, and the important role female friendships have had on their development. The results of this study may benefit women who experienced relational aggression in adolescence as well as assist mental health care providers to understand better the role that relational images formed in adolescence has on the future friendships of adult women with one another.
Download or read book A Study of the Presence of Relational Aggression in the Adult Population written by Kathy C. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aggression can result in a challenge of the basic human need for safety and security (Plotnik, 1999). Historically there has been extensive research regarding physical aggression. However, only in the past two decades has relational aggression received attention. Most research studies regarding relational aggression have focused upon children, adolescents and young adults. The purpose of this study was to explore the presence of relational aggression in the adult population. The Self-Report of Aggression and Social Behavior Measure tool was used to survey a convenience sample of 67 nursing students. The participants were students enrolled in the school of nursing (associate, bachelor's, master's and doctorate degree nursing programs) on the campus of a private, Christian, university. The mean age of participants was 27 years. Results of the study substantiate the presence of relational aggression in adults. The participants were divided into two groups for comparison. One group was under 21 years of age and the other group was 21 years of age and older. This comparison revealed a mild correlation between age and cross gender relational aggression, and age and cross gender exclusivity.
Download or read book The Mean Girls Influence on The Other Sister written by Ashley O. Durkee and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social relationships play an important role in development. While research on social relationships has focused on many different populations and many different age groups, one population has received much less attention in the literature: adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). The majority of research on adults with ID seems to have focused on aggressive behavior, namely physical aggression. Within the general population, however, another form of aggression, relational aggression, has become an increasingly prevalent topic of interest. This form of aggression has been shown to negatively impact social relationships of both perpetrators and victims (e.g. Crick & Grotpeter, 1995; Murray-Close & Crick, 2006). If relational aggression is damaging in the general population, it could be even more damaging for persons with ID who may lack appropriate coping behaviors. Thus, it is important to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of both relational and physical aggression within the ID population, so that appropriate interventions may be designed to increase the quality of their relationships. The goal of the present study was to focus on the phenomenon of relational aggression in this population. Three specific hypotheses were tested: females will be rated more highly than males on relationally aggressive behaviors; males will be rated more highly than females on physically aggressive behaviors; and those participants who are rated as aggressive, especially those rated as relationally aggressive, will report greater amounts of psychosocial maladjustment than their nonaggressive peers. 81 residents at a private residential facility for adults with ID completed a sociometric peer nomination interview, the Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Results indicated that females were rated significantly higher than males on relational aggression. Additionally, females were rated as higher than males on overt aggression, though this difference was not significant. Finally, based on sociometric ratings, participants who were rated highly on either type of aggression were significantly more likely to be rejected by peers, though participants with high aggression ratings did not differ significantly from their nonaggressive peers on BAI or BDI-II scores.
Download or read book Relations Between Forms and Functions of Aggression Psychopathy and Victimization and Moral Judgments of Aggressive Transgressions written by Emily J. Hart and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study sought to examine the influence of aggressive behavior, psychopathy, victimization, and gender on moral judgments of aggressive transgressions. A two-dimensional conceptualization of aggression was used, such that proactive relational aggression, reactive relational aggression, proactive physical aggression, and reactive physical aggression were treated as distinct subtypes of aggression and also distinct subtypes of moral judgments of aggression. Participants were 421 emerging adults (215 women; Mage = 19.52; SDage = 1.07). Self-report measures of aggression, victimization, psychopathy, and moral judgments were collected. Peer-reports of aggression, victimization, and psychopathy were obtained from a randomly assigned subsample of 73 participants (46 women; Mage = 19.52; SDage = 1.18) for validity purposes. Unique associations were found between subtypes of aggression and corresponding moral judgments of the same subtypes. Support for hypothesized main effects of psychopathy and victimization, as well as interaction effects, was not found. There was an unexpected main effect of relational victimization on moral judgments of proactive physical aggression and several unexpected interaction effects. Results are discussed with regard to potential reporting bias issues and clinical implications.
Download or read book Examining Relational Aggression and Victimization in the Workplace written by Susan Elaine Hickman and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mean Girls Grown Up written by Cheryl Dellasega and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-08 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost every woman has experienced bullying. Whether her role was that of victim, aggressor, or bystander, the pain of relational aggression (female bullying) lasts long after the incident has passed. In Mean Girls Grown Up, Cheryl Dellasega explores why women are often their own worst enemies, offering practical advice for a variety of situations. Drawing upon extensive research and interviews, she shares real-life stories from women as well as the knowledge of experts who have helped women overcome the negative effects of aggression. Readers will hear how adult women can be just as vicious as their younger counterparts, learn strategies for dealing with adult bullies, how to avoid being involved in relational aggression, and more. Dellasega outlines how women can change their behavior successfully by shifting away from aggression and embracing a spirit of cooperation in interactions with others.
Download or read book Functions of Peer and Romantic Relational Aggression Associations with Social cognitive and Affective Factors written by Nicole L. Hayes and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine relational aggression including associations with social-cognitive and affective factors in emerging adulthood. A sample of 217 (150 women) emerging adults (M age = 18.97 years; SD = 1.29) participated in a study on the functions of relational aggression in peer and romantic relationships. We examined the associations between socio-cognitive (normative beliefs about relational aggression, exclusivity, and rumination) and affective (emotion dysregulation and callous-unemotional traits) factors in general forms of peer and romantic relational aggression and proactive and reactive functions of peer and romantic relational aggression. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on several items assessing reactive and proactive romantic relational aggression. Hierarchal multiple regression was used to examine unique associations between social-cognitive and affective factors and relational aggression sub types. Findings suggest that exclusivity and normative beliefs about aggression uniquely contributed engagement in relation aggression across relationship contexts. Findings of this study extend the literature on relational aggression in emerging adulthood.
Download or read book The Dynamics of Aggression written by Edwin Inglee Megargee and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reactive and Proactive Aggression Validation of a Two factor Model in Relational Aggression Using Emotional Functioning Variables written by Kelly Marie Caron and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The current study sought support for a two-factor model of relational aggression, comprised of reactive and proactive aggressive subtypes, and to validate the model with respect to emotional functioning (e.g., emotion regulation, emotional arousal, callous-unemotional traits, and attentional bias). A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit a sample of 164 elementary-aged children from a non-referred, mixed-gender screening sample comprised of children from grades two through five. Both parent and teacher ratings of aggression and emotional functioning were obtained where possible. Structural equation modeling, analysis of variance, and correlational techniques were used to examine the relationship between reactive and proactive relational aggression and emotional functioning. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the use of a two-factor model of relational aggression; however subsequent analyses yielded mixed findings with respect to discriminant validity of the subtypes with respect to emotional functioning variables.
Download or read book The Social Psychology of Aggression written by Barbara Krahé and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-02-11 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this textbook provides a thoroughly revised, updated and expanded overview of social psychological research on aggression. The first part of the book covers the definition and measurement of aggression, presents major theories and examines the development of aggression. It also covers the role of situational factors in eliciting aggression, and the impact of using violent media. The second part of the book focuses on specific forms and manifestations of aggression. It includes chapters on aggression in everyday life, sexual aggression and domestic violence against children, intimate partners and elders. There are two new chapters in this part addressing intergroup aggression and terrorism. The concluding chapter explores strategies for reducing and preventing aggression. The book will be essential reading for students and researchers in psychology and related disciplines. It will also be of interest to practitioners working with aggressive individuals and groups, and to policy makers dealing with aggression as a social problem.
