Download or read book Parametric X Ray Radiation in Crystals written by Vladimir G. Baryshevsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-20 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This systematic and comprehensive monograph is devoted to parametric X-ray radiation (PXR). This radiation is generated by the motion of electrons inside a crystal, whereby the emitted photons are diffracted by the crystal and the radiation intensity critically depends on the parameters of the crystal structure. Nowadays PXR is the subject of numerous theoretical and experimental studies throughout the world. The first part of the book is a theoretical treatment of PXR, which includes a new approach to describe the radiation process in crystals. The second part is a survey of PXR experimental results and the possible applications of PXR as a tool for crystal structure analysis and a source of tunable X-ray radiation.
Download or read book Experimental Considerations of Higher Order Parametric X rays from Silicon Crystals of Varying Thicknesses written by Scott Richard Evertson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book X Rays and Crystal Structure written by William Henry Bragg and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parametric X Radiation from a Beryllium Crystal written by David J. Hauth and published by . This book was released on 1999-09-01 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A source of monochromatic x-rays in the 16 keV to 24 keV range will provide improved contrast and overall image quality in mammography while also reducing overall patient dose Ref 6,7. Based on theoretical work by Freudenberg Ref 6,9, beryllium (Be) was identified as a candidate to be a more efficient source of PXR based x-radiation in this energy range. This thesis describes the use of the NPS 100 MeV linear accelerator (LINAC) to conduct the first parametric x-radiation (PXR) experiments using a beryllium (Be) crystal. Energy spectra were collected from the beryllium crystal that differed from theoretical prediction. This thesis explores explanations of the spectra and provides a foundation of understanding of beryllium crystals for future experiments.
Download or read book About Interference Between Parametric X ray Radiation of Type B and Coherent Bremsstrahlung of a Fast Charged Particle in a Crystal written by D. I. Adejšvili and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Early Papers on Diffraction of X rays by Crystals written by J.M. Bijvoet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Preface to Early Papers on Diffraction of X-rays by Crystals Volume I (containing Chapters I-V and published in 1969), the history and planning of the complete book were outlined. The publication in two separate and consecutive volumes was merely a matter of management; the compilation of both volumes was done at the same time. There is a distinct difference in subject-matter between both volumes: Volume I contains the fundamentals of the theory, while Volume II treats the practical development of the 'trial' -method and the genesis and first applications of the Fourier method. In the period covered by Early Papers (1912-1935), the trial method leads to the successful conquest of structures with up to a hundred parameters. We conclude the book with Patterson's discovery (1934) of the p2-series as described in his second, more detailed and extended paper of 1935. With this method the apparatus was completed which led to the present undreamt-of successes of the Fourier method in the field of organic chemistry. We have considered the inclusion of Robertson's famous synthesis of the structure of phtalocyanine (1936). However, we decided that its proper place would be at the beginning of a book which, no doubt, will appear one day, describing this later period. Considerations of space caused us to give up the chapter on Texture planned at first.
Download or read book Research on a Suitable Dispersing Or Analyzing Crystal for X ray Spectroscopy written by Warren Ruderman and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large number of potential compounds were investigated for application as X-ray analyzer crystals with 2d spacings from 25 to 100A. Four crystals with 2d values from 31 to 90A were developed and show exceptional promise. Although large crystals of these compounds were not grown, X-ray analysis of small crystals indicated excellent reflectivities.
Download or read book Structure Determination by X ray Crystallography written by Mark Ladd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advances in and applications of x-ray and neutron crystallography form the essence of this new edition of this classic textbook, while maintaining the overall plan of the book that has been well received in the academic community since the first edition in 1977. X-ray crystallography is a universal tool for studying molecular structure, and the complementary nature of neutron diffraction crystallography permits the location of atomic species in crystals which are not easily revealed by X-ray techniques alone, such as hydrogen atoms or other light atoms in the presence of heavier atoms. Thus, a chapter discussing the practice of neutron diffraction techniques, with examples, broadens the scope of the text in a highly desirable way. As with previous editions, the book contains problems to illustrate the work of each chapter, and detailed solutions are provided. Mathematical procedures related to the material of the main body of the book are not discussed in detail, but are quoted where needed with references to standard mathematical texts. To address the computational aspect of crystallography, the suite of computer programs from the fourth edition has been revised and expanded. The programs enable the reader to participate fully in many of the aspects of x-ray crystallography discussed in the book. In particular, the program system XRAY* is interactive, and enables the reader to follow through, at the monitor screen, the computational techniques involved in single-crystal structure determination, albeit in two dimensions, with the data sets provided. Exercises for students can be found in the book, and solutions are available to instructors.
Download or read book X Ray Diffraction Crystallography written by Yoshio Waseda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray diffraction crystallography for powder samples is a well-established and widely used method. It is applied to materials characterization to reveal the atomic scale structure of various substances in a variety of states. The book deals with fundamental properties of X-rays, geometry analysis of crystals, X-ray scattering and diffraction in polycrystalline samples and its application to the determination of the crystal structure. The reciprocal lattice and integrated diffraction intensity from crystals and symmetry analysis of crystals are explained. To learn the method of X-ray diffraction crystallography well and to be able to cope with the given subject, a certain number of exercises is presented in the book to calculate specific values for typical examples. This is particularly important for beginners in X-ray diffraction crystallography. One aim of this book is to offer guidance to solving the problems of 90 typical substances. For further convenience, 100 supplementary exercises are also provided with solutions. Some essential points with basic equations are summarized in each chapter, together with some relevant physical constants and the atomic scattering factors of the elements.
Download or read book Modern X Ray Analysis on Single Crystals written by Peter Luger and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An excellent book for professional crystallographers! In 2012 the crystallographic community celebrated 100 years of X-ray diffraction in honour of the pioneering experiment in 1912 by Max von Laue, Friedrich and Knipping. Experimental developments e.g. brilliant X-ray sources, area detection, and developments in computer hardware and software have led to increasing applications in X-ray analysis. This completely revised edition is a guide for practical work in X-ray analysis. An introduction to basic crystallography moves quickly to a practical and experimental treatment of structure analysis. Emphasis is placed on understanding results and avoiding pitfalls. Essential reading for researchers from the student to the professional level interested in understanding the structure of molecules.
Download or read book An Introduction to X ray Crystallography written by Michael M. Woolfson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-01-13 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A textbook for the student beginning a serious study of X-ray crystallography.
Download or read book X Rays and Crystal Structure written by Warren Froemming Busse and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theory of X ray Diffraction in Crystals written by William Houlder Zachariasen and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Crystal Growth Defects by X Ray Methods written by B.K. Tanner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute entitled "Characterization of Crystal Growth Defects by X-ray Methods' held in the University of Durham, England from 29th August to 10th September 1979. The current interest in electronic materials, in particular silicon, gallium aluminium arsenide, and quartz, and the recent availability of synchrotron radiation for X-ray diffraction studies made this Advanced Study Institute particularly timely. Two main themes ran through the course: 1. A survey of the various types of defect occurring in crystal growth, the mechanism of their different methods of generation and their influence on the properties of relativelY perfect crystals. 2. A detailed and advanced course on the observation and characterization of such defects by X-ray methods. The main emphasis was on X-ray topographic techniques but a substantial amount of time was spent on goniometric techniques such as double crystal diffractometry and gamma ray diffraction. The presentation of material in this book reflects these twin themes. Section A is concerned with defects, Section C with techniques and in linking them. Section B provides a concise account of the basic theory necessary for the interpretation of X-ray topographs and diffractometric data. Although the sequence follows roughly the order of presentation at the Advanced Study Institute certain major changes have been made in order to improve the pedagogy. In particular, the first two chapters provide a vital, and seldom articulated, case for the need for characterization for crystals used in device technologies.
Download or read book X ray Optics written by Arthur James Cochran Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diffuse X Ray Reflections from Crystals written by W. A. Wooster and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizing simple expression and minimum of mathematical analysis, this book covers elastic properties of crystals, elastic spectra, static distortions of lattices, more. Problems encourage analysis of experimental data. 1962 edition.
Download or read book Early Papers on Diffraction of X rays by Crystals written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
