Download or read book Papua New Guinea Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Papua New Guinea Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2006-03-13 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Papua New Guinea written by Patrizia Tumbarello and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Papua New Guinea written by Fondo Monetario Internacional and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Papua New Guinea written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2007-03-21 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines and tests the existence of political budget cycles in Papua New Guinea during the period 1988–2004. Several factors point to the existence of political budget cycles in Papua New Guinea. The paper provides an overview of the political business cycle literature, and Papua New Guinea’s political structure and processes. It also describes the data set and the empirical methods used to test for the presence of election-influenced spending, and presents the results of a time-series analysis.

Download or read book Australia Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Samoa Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vanuatu Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Labor Globalization and the State written by Debdas Banerjee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-12-13 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the impact of neoliberal globalization on labour markets and the state in the developed and developing world. It focuses especially on the United States and the economies of Asia – in particular, India. Liberalized trade and investment are thought by neoliberals to be the best levers for raising labour standards, provided labour market flexibility and capital market restructuring accompany them. Labour market flexibility and capital market restructuring, at a first glance, appear to be complementary and symmetric policies. In practice, however, they might have very asymmetric consequences. This book addresses these issues, and it presents a comprehensive analysis of the key questions such as: How far is globalization a ‘real’ threat to the conventional systems of wage fixation, employment pattern, and basic rights at work in both developed, as well as underdeveloped countries? Are casualization and informalization of the workforce direct outcomes of deregulation? How do labour organizations cope with the volatility of the labour market? Are the existing labour market conditions and forms of labour organizations misfits in the globalized business world? Is it at all feasible to choose a high road that combines some degree of labour market flexibility with better labour standards? This book will be of interest to academics working on International Development, Development Economics, Political Economy, Comparative Labour Studies and Asian Studies.

Download or read book Papua New Guinea Critical Development Constraints written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papua New Guinea's economic growth has outpaced the majority of economies in Southeast Asia and the Pacific since 2007. Its development challenges, however, remain daunting, and it lags behind other countries in the region in terms of per capita income and achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. This raises the question of how the country can make its economic growth high, sustained, inclusive, and broad-based to more effectively improve its population's welfare. This report identifies the critical constraints to these objectives and discusses policy options to help overcome such constraints.

Download or read book Pacific Islands Regional Integration and Governance written by Satish Chand and published by ANU E Press. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brings together experts from around the world to consider specific issues pertaining to regional integration and governance within small states. The authors collectively address the challenges posed to small states by the quickened pace of globalisation. The lessons learnt from the experiences of small states are then used to draw policy lessons for the Pacific island countries.

Download or read book IMF Survey written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report of the Executive Directors for the Fiscal Year written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report of the Executive Board for the Financial Year Ended April 30 written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fighting the obesity epidemic has so far proven a difficult challenge, given the diversity of natural and processed foods, the complexity of food supply chains, and the fact that targeting excessive caloric consumption is far trickier than reducing overall consumption (as for tobacco). Nevertheless, efforts to curb caloric intake are gearing up and the experience from tobacco control has drawn much attention on a potential role for excise taxes in fighting obesity. Many related questions have therefore been raised as part of the IMF's capacity development work: Should excises on unhealthy food be used to fight obesity? If so, under what conditions? What are the product and market characteristics that would help identify the relevant tax bases and the rates at which to tax them? While acknowledging that the scientific evidence keeps evolving, this note summarizes the ongoing debate and practice on food excises and on their potential role as a policy tool to fight the obesity epidemic, with a view to assist policymakers in deciding whether to go forward, and if so, how.How to Apply Excise Taxes to Fight Obesity

Download or read book Britannica Book of the Year 2013 written by Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. and published by Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Britannica Book of the Year 2013 provides a valuable viewpoint of the people and events that shaped the year and serves as a great reference source for the latest news on the ever changing populations, governments, and economies throughout the world. It is an accurate and comprehensive reference that you will reach for again and again.

Download or read book Sustainable Development written by Paul Sillitoe and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With growing evidence of unsustainable use of the world’s resources, such as hydrocarbon reserves, and related environmental pollution, as in alarming climate change predictions, sustainable development is arguably the prominent issue of the 21st century. This volume gives a wide ranging introduction focusing on the arid Gulf region, where the challenges of sustainable development are starkly evident. The Gulf relies on non-renewable oil and gas exports to supply the world’s insatiable CO2 emitting energy demands, and has built unsustainable conurbations with water supplies dependent on energy hungry desalination plants and deep aquifers pumped beyond natural replenishment rates. Sustainable Development has an interdisciplinary focus, bringing together university faculty and government personnel from the Gulf, Europe, and North America -- including social and natural scientists, environmentalists and economists, architects and planners -- to discuss topics such as sustainable natural resource use and urbanization, industrial and technological development, economy and politics, history and geography.

Download or read book From Volatility to Stability in Expenditure written by Naotaka Sugawara and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-03-12 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the effect of stabilization funds on the volatility of government expenditure in resource-rich countries. Using a panel data set of 68 resource-rich countries over 1988–2012, the results find that the existence of stabilization funds contributes to smoothing government expenditure. The spending volatility in countries that have established such funds is found to be 13 percent lower in the main estimation, and similar impacts are found in robustness tests. The analysis also shows that political institutions and fiscal rules are significant factors in reducing the expenditure volatility, while highlighting the roles of the size of economy, diversified exports, real sector management, and financial markets.