Download or read book Page placement for non uniform memory access time NUMA shared memory multiprocessors written by Richard P. LaRowe and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Data Placement in Shared virtual memory Multiprocessors with Non Uniform Memory Access Times written by Jayashree Ramanathan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Memory Management for Large scale NUMA Multiprocessors written by T. J. LeBlanc and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "Large-scale shared-memory multiprocessors such as the BBN Butterfly and IBM RP3 introduce a new level in the memory hierarchy: multiple physical memories with different memory access times. An operating system for these NUMA (NonUniform Memory Access) multiprocessors should provide traditional virtual memory management, facilitate dynamic and widespread memory sharing, and minimize the apparent disparity between local and nonlocal memory. In addition, the implementation must be scalable to configurations with hundreds or thousands of processors. This paper describes memory management in the Psyche multiprocessor operating system, under development at the University of Rochester

Download or read book Massively Parallel Optical and Neural Computing in the United States written by Gilbert Kalb and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of products and research projects in the field of highly parallel, optical and neural computers in the USA. It covers operating systems, language projects and market analysis, as well as optical computing devices and optical connections of electronic parts.

Download or read book Understanding the Linux Kernel written by Daniel P. Bovet and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2005-11-17 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to thoroughly understand what makes Linux tick and why it works so well on a wide variety of systems, you need to delve deep into the heart of the kernel. The kernel handles all interactions between the CPU and the external world, and determines which programs will share processor time, in what order. It manages limited memory so well that hundreds of processes can share the system efficiently, and expertly organizes data transfers so that the CPU isn't kept waiting any longer than necessary for the relatively slow disks. The third edition of Understanding the Linux Kernel takes you on a guided tour of the most significant data structures, algorithms, and programming tricks used in the kernel. Probing beyond superficial features, the authors offer valuable insights to people who want to know how things really work inside their machine. Important Intel-specific features are discussed. Relevant segments of code are dissected line by line. But the book covers more than just the functioning of the code; it explains the theoretical underpinnings of why Linux does things the way it does. This edition of the book covers Version 2.6, which has seen significant changes to nearly every kernel subsystem, particularly in the areas of memory management and block devices. The book focuses on the following topics: Memory management, including file buffering, process swapping, and Direct memory Access (DMA) The Virtual Filesystem layer and the Second and Third Extended Filesystems Process creation and scheduling Signals, interrupts, and the essential interfaces to device drivers Timing Synchronization within the kernel Interprocess Communication (IPC) Program execution Understanding the Linux Kernel will acquaint you with all the inner workings of Linux, but it's more than just an academic exercise. You'll learn what conditions bring out Linux's best performance, and you'll see how it meets the challenge of providing good system response during process scheduling, file access, and memory management in a wide variety of environments. This book will help you make the most of your Linux system.

Download or read book Proceedings 20th International Conference Parallel Processing 1991 written by Tse-yun Feng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-08-06 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Applications Programming View of Non uniform Memory Access Time NUMA Virtual Memory Management written by Neil G. Sullivan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Implementation of a Coherent Memory Abstraction on a NUMA Non Uniform Memory Access Multiprocessor Experiences with PLATINUM Platform for Investigating Non Uniform Memory Revision written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PLATINUM is an operating system kernel with a novel memory management system for Non-uniform Memory Access (NUMA) multiprocessor architectures. This memory management system implements a coherent memory abstraction. Coherent memory is uniformly accessible from all processors in the system. When used by applications coded with appropriate programming styles it appears to be nearly as fast as local physical memory and it reduces memory contention. Coherent memory makes programming NUMA multiprocessors easier for the user while attaining a level of performance comparable with hand-tuned programs. This paper describes the design of the PLATINUM memory management system with emphasis on the implementation of coherent memory and the factors that affect its performance. We measure the cost of basic operations implementing coherent memory. We also measure the performance of a set of application programs running on PLATINUM. Finally, we comment on the interaction between architecture and the coherent memory system. Platinum currently runs on the BBN Butterfly Plys (TM) Multiprocessor. (KR).

Download or read book Logic Design and Computer Organization written by Atul P. Godse and published by Technical Publications. This book was released on 2021-01-01 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the basic concepts used in designing and analyzing digital circuits and introduces digital computer organization and design principles. The first part of the book teaches you the number systems, logic gates, logic families, Boolean algebra, simplification of logic functions, analysis and design of combinational circuits using SSI and MSI circuits. It also explains latches and flip-flops, Types of counters - synchronous and asynchronous, counter design and applications, and shift registers and its applications. The second part of the book teaches you functional units of computer, Von Neumann and Harvard architectures, processor organization, control unit - hardwired control unit and microprogrammed control unit, processor instructions, instruction cycle, instruction formats, instruction pipelining, RISC and CISC architectures, interrupts, interrupt handling, multiprocessor systems, multicore processors, memory and I/O organizations.

Download or read book Computational Science ICCS 2002 written by Peter M.A. Sloot and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-08-01 with total page 1153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Science is the scienti?c discipline that aims at the development and understanding of new computational methods and techniques to model and simulate complex systems. The area of application includes natural systems – such as biology, envir- mental and geo-sciences, physics, and chemistry – and synthetic systems such as electronics and ?nancial and economic systems. The discipline is a bridge b- ween ‘classical’ computer science – logic, complexity, architecture, algorithms – mathematics, and the use of computers in the aforementioned areas. The relevance for society stems from the numerous challenges that exist in the various science and engineering disciplines, which can be tackled by advances made in this ?eld. For instance new models and methods to study environmental issues like the quality of air, water, and soil, and weather and climate predictions through simulations, as well as the simulation-supported development of cars, airplanes, and medical and transport systems etc. Paraphrasing R. Kenway (R.D. Kenway, Contemporary Physics. 1994): ‘There is an important message to scientists, politicians, and industrialists: in the future science, the best industrial design and manufacture, the greatest medical progress, and the most accurate environmental monitoring and forecasting will be done by countries that most rapidly exploit the full potential ofcomputational science’. Nowadays we have access to high-end computer architectures and a large range of computing environments, mainly as a consequence of the enormous s- mulus from the various international programs on advanced computing, e.g.

Download or read book Thread and Data Mapping for Multicore Systems written by Eduardo H. M. Cruz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a study on how thread and data mapping techniques can be used to improve the performance of multi-core architectures. It describes how the memory hierarchy introduces non-uniform memory access, and how mapping can be used to reduce the memory access latency in current hardware architectures. On the software side, this book describes the characteristics present in parallel applications that are used by mapping techniques to improve memory access. Several state-of-the-art methods are analyzed, and the benefits and drawbacks of each one are identified.

Download or read book Multi bus Scalable Shared memory Multiprocessors written by Michael James Carlton and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Extending the Real Time Specification for Java for Cache Coherent NUMA Architectures written by Haseeb Malik and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent past has seen single processing systems becoming obsolete and multiprocessor systems taking over as the architecture of choice. More scalable architectures are being introduced to keep up with the ever increasing computational requirements. Inevitably the software industry has to keep up and provide tools which would allow easy development of parallel applications on these complex architectures. Programming languages unable to support these architectures will become obsolete and new languages will be developed designed to serve the purpose. Existing languages that have the potential of coping with such architectures will be extended. Java is an object oriented language which provides features like platform independence and concurrency by design. It is supported on a wide range of computational devices starting from high performance computing servers to small hand held mobiles. This makes Java a very popular language, with a large pool of programmers. Therefore, it is not strange to see Java being extended for different multiprocessor and distributed systems. The Real-Time Specification for Java (RTSJ) was introduced as a high level platform for developing real-time applications. It has been gaining popularity since its inception and is being increasingly used for real time development. The recent version of RTSJ (i.e. RTSJ~1.1) has included some support for multiprocessors. The changes that have been introduced are largely related to the scheduling and dispatching of threads in symmetric multiprocessors. It is assumed that the memory allocations will not affect the timing properties of the system and it will be accessed uniformly. This thesis argues that these changes are not enough to support shared memory multiprocessors on RTSJ; and the following issues need to be addressed: \begin{itemize} \item In shared memory multiprocessors, uniform memory access (UMA) systems are not scalable and will be replaced by cache coherent non-uniform memory access (cc-NUMA) systems. Locality can largely affect the performance of applications and cause unpredictable delays in real-time applications on cc-NUMA systems. These delays are caused by the distributed memory layout in cc-NUMA and can be reduced by giving applications more control and visibility into the allocation policies of threads and memory. \item The increased computational power of multiprocessors encourages the platform to be shared by multiple applications. In such an environment, real-time applications require temporal guarantees from the platform to meet their timing requirements. \end{itemize} The key contribution of this thesis is to extend the programming model of RTSJ to provide programmers with locality constraints. Existing support in RTSJ for locality is shown to be very limited and a new locality model is presented which enables programmers to develop portable applications. Applications are divided into multiple partitions and temporal guarantees are provided to partitions allowing them to be analyzed in isolation from the rest of the system. A prototype of the aforementioned model is implemented and tested. A series of experiments are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the model. In particular, the effect of locality is highlighted by performance measuring in a multithreaded environment.

Download or read book Structured Parallel Programming written by Michael McCool and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-07-31 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structured Parallel Programming offers the simplest way for developers to learn patterns for high-performance parallel programming. Written by parallel computing experts and industry insiders Michael McCool, Arch Robison, and James Reinders, this book explains how to design and implement maintainable and efficient parallel algorithms using a composable, structured, scalable, and machine-independent approach to parallel computing. It presents both theory and practice, and provides detailed concrete examples using multiple programming models. The examples in this book are presented using two of the most popular and cutting edge programming models for parallel programming: Threading Building Blocks, and Cilk Plus. These architecture-independent models enable easy integration into existing applications, preserve investments in existing code, and speed the development of parallel applications. Examples from realistic contexts illustrate patterns and themes in parallel algorithm design that are widely applicable regardless of implementation technology. Software developers, computer programmers, and software architects will find this book extremely helpful. - The patterns-based approach offers structure and insight that developers can apply to a variety of parallel programming models - Develops a composable, structured, scalable, and machine-independent approach to parallel computing - Includes detailed examples in both Cilk Plus and the latest Threading Building Blocks, which support a wide variety of computers

Download or read book Understanding the Linux Kernel written by Daniel Pierre Bovet and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2002 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To thoroughly understand what makes Linux tick and why it's so efficient, you need to delve deep into the heart of the operating system--into the Linux kernel itself. The kernel is Linux--in the case of the Linux operating system, it's the only bit of software to which the term "Linux" applies. The kernel handles all the requests or completed I/O operations and determines which programs will share its processing time, and in what order. Responsible for the sophisticated memory management of the whole system, the Linux kernel is the force behind the legendary Linux efficiency. The new edition of Understanding the Linux Kernel takes you on a guided tour through the most significant data structures, many algorithms, and programming tricks used in the kernel. Probing beyond the superficial features, the authors offer valuable insights to people who want to know how things really work inside their machine. Relevant segments of code are dissected and discussed line by line. The book covers more than just the functioning of the code, it explains the theoretical underpinnings for why Linux does things the way it does. The new edition of the book has been updated to cover version 2.4 of the kernel, which is quite different from version 2.2: the virtual memory system is entirely new, support for multiprocessor systems is improved, and whole new classes of hardware devices have been added. The authors explore each new feature in detail. Other topics in the book include: Memory management including file buffering, process swapping, and Direct memory Access (DMA) The Virtual Filesystem and the Second Extended Filesystem Process creation and scheduling Signals, interrupts, and the essential interfaces to device drivers Timing Synchronization in the kernel Interprocess Communication (IPC) Program execution Understanding the Linux Kernel, Second Edition will acquaint you with all the inner workings of Linux, but is more than just an academic exercise. You'll learn what conditions bring out Linux's best performance, and you'll see how it meets the challenge of providing good system response during process scheduling, file access, and memory management in a wide variety of environments. If knowledge is power, then this book will help you make the most of your Linux system.

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Emphasizing Distributed Systems written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-06-29 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the computer industry moves into the 21st century, the long-running Advances in Computers is ready to tackle the challenges of the new century with insightful articles on new technology, just as it has since 1960 in chronicling the advances in computer technology from the last century. As the longest-running continuing series on computers, Advances in Computers presents those technologies that will affect the industry in the years to come. In this volume, the 53rd in the series, we present 8 relevant topics. The first three represent a common theme on distributed computing systems -using more than one processor to allow for parallel execution, and hence completion of a complex computing task in a minimal amount of time. The other 5 chapters describe other relevant advances from the late 1990s with an emphasis on software development, topics of vital importance to developers today- process improvement, measurement and legal liabilities. - Longest running series on computers - Contains eight insightful chapters on new technology - Gives comprehensive treatment of distributed systems - Shows how to evaluate measurements - Details how to evaluate software process improvement models - Examines how to expand e-commerce on the Web - Discusses legal liabilities in developing software—a must-read for developers