Download or read book Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics written by Hiroyoshi Naito and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-02 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive coverage of organic electronics, including fundamental theory, basic properties, characterization methods, device physics, and future trends Organic semiconductor materials have vast commercial potential for a wide range of applications, from self-emitting OLED displays and solid-state lighting to plastic electronics and organic solar cells. As research in organic optoelectronic devices continues to expand at an unprecedented rate, organic semiconductors are being applied to flexible displays, biosensors, and other cost-effective green devices in ways not possible with conventional inorganic semiconductors. Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics is an up-to-date review of the both the fundamental theory and latest research and development advances in organic semiconductors. Featuring contributions from an international team of experts, this comprehensive volume covers basic properties of organic semiconductors, characterization techniques, device physics, and future trends in organic device development. Detailed chapters provide key information on the device physics of organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic solar cells, organic photosensors, and more. This authoritative resource: Provides a clear understanding of the optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors and their influence to overall device performance Explains the theories behind relevant mechanisms in organic semiconducting materials and in organic devices Discusses current and future trends and challenges in the development of organic optoelectronic devices Reviews electronic properties, device mechanisms, and characterization techniques of organic semiconducting materials Covers theoretical concepts of optical properties of organic semiconductors including fluorescent, phosphorescent, and thermally-assisted delayed fluorescent emitters An important new addition to the Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic & Optoelectronic Applications, Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics bridges the gap between advanced books and undergraduate textbooks on semiconductor physics and solid-state physics. It is essential reading for academic researchers, graduate students, and industry professionals involved in organic electronics, materials science, thin film devices, and optoelectronics research and development.

Download or read book Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics written by Hiroyoshi Naito and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-30 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive coverage of organic electronics, including fundamental theory, basic properties, characterization methods, device physics, and future trends Organic semiconductor materials have vast commercial potential for a wide range of applications, from self-emitting OLED displays and solid-state lighting to plastic electronics and organic solar cells. As research in organic optoelectronic devices continues to expand at an unprecedented rate, organic semiconductors are being applied to flexible displays, biosensors, and other cost-effective green devices in ways not possible with conventional inorganic semiconductors. Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics is an up-to-date review of the both the fundamental theory and latest research and development advances in organic semiconductors. Featuring contributions from an international team of experts, this comprehensive volume covers basic properties of organic semiconductors, characterization techniques, device physics, and future trends in organic device development. Detailed chapters provide key information on the device physics of organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic solar cells, organic photosensors, and more. This authoritative resource: Provides a clear understanding of the optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors and their influence to overall device performance Explains the theories behind relevant mechanisms in organic semiconducting materials and in organic devices Discusses current and future trends and challenges in the development of organic optoelectronic devices Reviews electronic properties, device mechanisms, and characterization techniques of organic semiconducting materials Covers theoretical concepts of optical properties of organic semiconductors including fluorescent, phosphorescent, and thermally-assisted delayed fluorescent emitters An important new addition to the Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic & Optoelectronic Applications, Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics bridges the gap between advanced books and undergraduate textbooks on semiconductor physics and solid-state physics. It is essential reading for academic researchers, graduate students, and industry professionals involved in organic electronics, materials science, thin film devices, and optoelectronics research and development.

Download or read book Optoelectronic Properties of Organic Semiconductors written by Nasim Zarrabi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on organic semiconductors with particular attention paid to their use as photovoltaic devices. It addresses a fundamental and hitherto overlooked concept in the field of organic optoelectronics, namely the role that sub-gap states play in the performance of organic semiconducting devices. From a technological point of view, organic semiconductor-based devices are of significant interest due to their lightweight, ease of processability, conformal flexibility, and potentially low cost and low embodied energy production. Motivated by these rather unique selling points, the performance of organic semiconductors has been a subject of multidisciplinary study for more than 60 years with steady progress in applications such as solar cells, transistors, light emitting diodes, and various sensors. The book begins with a review of the main electro-optical phenomena in organic solar cells and presents a new method for measuring exciton diffusion lengths based on a low-quencher-content device structure. Furthermore, the book reveals how mid-gap trap states are a universal feature in organic semiconductor donor-acceptor blends, unexpectedly contributing to charge generation and recombination, and having profound impact on the thermodynamic limit of organic photovoltaic devices. Featuring cutting-edge experimental observations supported with robust and novel theoretical arguments, this book delivers important new insight as to the underlying dynamics of exciton generation and diffusion, charge transfer state dissociation, and indeed the ultimate fate of photogenerated free carriers.

Download or read book Optoelectronic Properties of Organic Semiconductors written by Nasim Zarrabi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-26 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on organic semiconductors with particular attention paid to their use as photovoltaic devices. It addresses a fundamental and hitherto overlooked concept in the field of organic optoelectronics, namely the role that sub-gap states play in the performance of organic semiconducting devices. From a technological point of view, organic semiconductor-based devices are of significant interest due to their lightweight, ease of processability, conformal flexibility, and potentially low cost and low embodied energy production. Motivated by these rather unique selling points, the performance of organic semiconductors has been a subject of multidisciplinary study for more than 60 years with steady progress in applications such as solar cells, transistors, light emitting diodes, and various sensors. The book begins with a review of the main electro-optical phenomena in organic solar cells and presents a new method for measuring exciton diffusion lengths based on a low-quencher-content device structure. Furthermore, the book reveals how mid-gap trap states are a universal feature in organic semiconductor donor–acceptor blends, unexpectedly contributing to charge generation and recombination, and having profound impact on the thermodynamic limit of organic photovoltaic devices. Featuring cutting-edge experimental observations supported with robust and novel theoretical arguments, this book delivers important new insight as to the underlying dynamics of exciton generation and diffusion, charge transfer state dissociation, and indeed the ultimate fate of photogenerated free carriers.

Download or read book Optoelectronic Properties Of Vertical Organic Field Effect Transistors written by V. Vasta and published by . This book was released on 2023-12-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book "Optoelectronic Properties of Vertical Organic Field Effect Transistors," explores the fascinating world of organic semiconductor devices and their optoelectronic properties. The book is a comprehensive guide to the working principle, fabrication, and characterization of vertical organic field effect transistors, with a focus on their potential applications in optoelectronic devices. The book begins with an introduction to the field of organic semiconductors, explaining the basics of molecular electronics, organic semiconductors, and their unique properties. The author then delves into the detailed working principle and fabrication processes for creating vertical organic field effect transistors, providing an in-depth analysis of their electrical and optical properties. The latter part of the book covers the potential applications of these transistors in various optoelectronic devices, including photodetectors, organic light-emitting diodes, and organic solar cells. The author explores the underlying mechanisms behind these applications and provides a comprehensive review of recent developments in the field. Overall, "Optoelectronic Properties of Vertical Organic Field Effect Transistors" is an essential reference for researchers, students, and professionals interested in the exciting field of organic semiconductors and their potential applications in optoelectronics. It offers a comprehensive overview of the field and provides valuable insights into the working principle, fabrication, and optoelectronic properties of vertical organic field effect transistors.

Download or read book Organic Optoelectronic Materials written by Yongfang Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-30 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the latest trends in organic optoelectronic materials. Each comprehensive chapter allows graduate students and newcomers to the field to grasp the basics, whilst also ensuring that they have the most up-to-date overview of the latest research. Topics include: organic conductors and semiconductors; conducting polymers and conjugated polymer semiconductors, as well as their applications in organic field-effect-transistors; organic light-emitting diodes; and organic photovoltaics and transparent conducting electrodes. The molecular structures, synthesis methods, physicochemical and optoelectronic properties of the organic optoelectronic materials are also introduced and described in detail. The authors also elucidate the structures and working mechanisms of organic optoelectronic devices and outline fundamental scientific problems and future research directions. This volume is invaluable to all those interested in organic optoelectronic materials.

Download or read book Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductor Structures written by Jasprit Singh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-26 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A graduate textbook presenting the underlying physics behind devices that drive today's technologies. The book covers important details of structural properties, bandstructure, transport, optical and magnetic properties of semiconductor structures. Effects of low-dimensional physics and strain - two important driving forces in modern device technology - are also discussed. In addition to conventional semiconductor physics the book discusses self-assembled structures, mesoscopic structures and the developing field of spintronics. The book utilizes carefully chosen solved examples to convey important concepts and has over 250 figures and 200 homework exercises. Real-world applications are highlighted throughout the book, stressing the links between physical principles and actual devices. Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductor Structures provides engineering and physics students and practitioners with complete and coherent coverage of key modern semiconductor concepts. A solutions manual and set of viewgraphs for use in lectures are available for instructors, from [email protected].

Download or read book Effects of Energetic Disorder on the Optoelectronic Properties of Organic Solar Cells written by Nikolaos Felekidis and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-10 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is a promising low-cost and environmental-friendly technology currently achieving 12-14% power conversion efficiency. Despite the extensive focus of the research community over the last years, critical mechanisms defining the performance of OPVs are still topics of debate. While energetic disorder is known to be characteristic of organic semiconductors in general, its potential role in OPV has received surprisingly little attention. In this thesis we investigate some aspects of the relation between energetic disorder and several optoelectronic properties of OPV. Charge carrier mobility is a key parameter in characterizing the performance of organic semiconductors. Analyzing the temperature dependence of the mobility is also an oftenused method to obtain (estimates for) the energetic disorder in the HOMO and LUMO levels of an organic semiconductor material. Different formalisms to extract and analyze mobilities from space charge limited conductivity (SCLC) experiments are reviewed. Surprisingly, the Murgatroyd-Gill analytical model in combination with the Gaussian disorder model in the Boltzmann limit yields similar mobilities and energetic disorders as a more elaborate drift-diffusion model with parametrized mobility functionals. Common analysis and measurement errors are discussed. All the models are incorporated in an automated analysis freeware tool. The open circuit voltage (Voc) has attracted considerable interest as the large difference between Voc and the bandgap is the main loss mechanism in bulk heterojunction OPVs. Surprisingly, in ternary devices composed of two donors and one acceptor, the Voc is not pinned to the shallowest HOMO but demonstrates a continuous tunability between the binary extremities. We show that this phenomenon can be explained with an equilibrium model where Voc is defined as the splitting of the quasi-Fermi levels of the photo-created holes and electrons in a common density of states accounting for the stoichiometry, i.e. the ratio of the donor materials and the broadening by Gaussian disorder. Evaluating the PCE, it is found that ternary devices do not offer advantages over binary unless the fill factor (FF) is increased at intermediate compositions, as a result of improved transport/recombination upon material blending. Stressing the importance of material intermixing to improve the performance, we found that the presence of an acceptor may drastically alter the mobility and energetic disorder of the donor and vice versa. The effect of different acceptors was studied in a ternary onedonor- two-acceptors system, where the unpredictable variability with composition of the energetic disorder in the HOMO and the LUMO explained the almost linear tunability of Voc. Designing binary OPVs based on the design rule that the energetic disorder can be reduced upon material blending, as we observed, can yield a relative PCE improvement of at least 20%. CT states currently play a key role in evaluating the performance of OPVs and CTelectroluminescence (CT-EL) is assumed to stem from the recombination of thermalized electron-hole pairs. The varying width of the CT-EL peak for different material combinations is intuitively expected to reflect the energetic disorder of the effective HOMO and LUMO. We employ kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) CT-EL simulations, using independently measured disorder parameters as input, to calculate the ground-to-ground state (0-0) transition spectrum. Including the vibronic broadening according to the Franck Condon principle, we reproduce the width and current dependence of the measured CT-EL peak for a large number of donor-acceptor combinations. The fitted dominant phonon modes compare well with the values measured using the spectral line narrowing technique. Importantly, the calculations show that CT-EL originates from a narrow, non-thermalized subset of all available CT states, which can be understood by considering the kinetic microscopic process with which electron-hole pairs meet and recombine. Despite electron-hole pairs being strongly bound in organic materials, the charge separation process following photo-excitation is found to be extremely efficient and independent of the excitation energy. However, at low photon energies where the charges are excited deep in the tail of the DOS, it is intuitively expected for the extraction yield to be quenched. Internal Quantum Efficiency (IQE) experiments for different material systems show both inefficient and efficient charge dissociation for excitation close to the CT energy. This finding is explained by kinetic Monte Carlo simulations accounting for a varying degree of e-h delocalization, where strongly bound localized CT pairs (< 2nm distance) are doomed to recombine at low excitation energies while extended delocalization over 3-5nm yields an increased and energy-independent IQE. Using a single material parameter set, the experimental CT electroluminescence and absorption spectra are reproduced by the same kMC model by accounting for the vibronic progression of the calculated 0-0 transition. In contrast to CT-EL, CT-absorption probes the complete CT manifold. Charge transport in organic solar cells is currently modelled as either an equilibrium or a non-equilibrium process. The former is described by drift-diffusion (DD) equations, which can be calculated quickly but assume local thermal equilibrium of the charge carriers with the lattice. The latter is described by kMC models, that are time-consuming but treat the charge carriers individually and can probe all relevant time and energy scales. A hybrid model that makes use of the multiple trap and release (MTR) concept in combination with the DD equations is shown to describe both steady-state space charge limited conductivity experiments and non-equilibrium time-resolved transport experiments using a single parameter set. For the investigated simulations, the DD-MTR model is in good agreement with kMC and ~10 times faster. Steady-state mobilities from DD equations have been argued to be exclusively relevant for operating OPVs while charge carrier thermalization and non-equilibrium time-dependent mobilities (although acknowledged) can be disregarded. This conclusion, based on transient photocurrent experiments with ?s time resolution, is not complete. We show that non-equilibrium kMC simulations can describe the extraction of charge carriers from subps to 100 ?s timescales with a single parameter set. The majority of the fast charge carriers, mostly non-thermalized electrons, are extracted at time scales below the resolution of the experiment. In other words, the experiment resolves only the slower fraction of the charges, predominantly holes.

Download or read book Excitonic States and Optoelectronic Properties of Organic Semiconductors written by Christof Walter and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Optoelectronic Organic Inorganic Semiconductor Heterojunctions written by Ye Zhou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optoelectronic Organic-Inorganic Semiconductor Heterojunctions summarizes advances in the development of organic-inorganic semiconductor heterojunctions, points out challenges and possible solutions for material/device design, and evaluates prospects for commercial applications. Introduces the concept and basic mechanism of semiconductor heterojunctions Describes a series of organic-inorganic semiconductor heterojunctions with desirable electrical and optical properties for optoelectronic devices Discusses typical devices such as solar cells, photo-detectors, and optoelectronic memories Outlines the materials and device challenges as well as possible strategies to promote the commercial translation of semiconductor heterojunctions-based optoelectronic devices Aimed at graduate students and researchers working in solid-state materials and electronics, this book offers a comprehensive yet accessible view of the state of the art and future directions.

Download or read book Optoelectronic Properties of Inorganic Compounds written by D. Max Roundhill and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to offer the reader a snapshot of the field of optoelectronic materials from the viewpoint of inorganic chemists. The field of inorganic chemistry is transforming from one focused on the synthesis of compounds having interesting coordination numbers, structures, and stereochemistries, to one focused on preparing compounds that have potentially useful practical applica tions. Two such applications are in the area of optics and electronics. These are fields where the use of inorganic materials has a long history. As the field of microelectronics develops the demands on the performance of such materials increases, and it becomes necessary to discover compounds that will meet these demands. The field of optoelectronics represents a merging of the two disciplines. Its emergence is a natural one because many of the applications involve both of these properties, and also because the electronic structure of a metal compound that confers novel optical properties is often one that also influences its electron transfer and conductivity characteristics. Two of the more important growth areas that have led to these developments are communications and medicine. Within the communications field there is the microelectronics that is involved in information storage and transmittal, some of which will be transferred into the optical regime. Within the medical field there are chemical probes that transmit analytical information from an in vivo environment. This information needs to be readily accessible from an external site, and then quickly converted into images or data that yield accurate and inexpensive diagnoses.

Download or read book Optoelectronic Devices and Properties written by Oleg Sergiyenko and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-04-19 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optoelectronic devices impact many areas of society, from simple household appliances and multimedia systems to communications, computing, spatial scanning, optical monitoring, 3D measurements and medical instruments. This is the most complete book about optoelectromechanic systems and semiconductor optoelectronic devices; it provides an accessible, well-organized overview of optoelectronic devices and properties that emphasizes basic principles.

Download or read book Doping and Optoelectronic Properties of Organic Semiconductors written by Seamus Curran and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Organic Materials for Optical and Opto Electronic Devices written by Oksana Ostroverkhova and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small molecules and conjugated polymers, the two main types of organic materials used for optoelectronic and photonic devices, can be used in a number of applications including organic light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic devices, photorefractive devices and waveguides. Organic materials are attractive due to their low cost, the possibility of their deposition from solution onto large-area substrates, and the ability to tailor their properties. The Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices provides an overview of the properties of organic optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials, and explains how these materials can be used across a range of applications.Parts one and two explore the materials used for organic optoelectronics and nonlinear optics, their properties, and methods of their characterization illustrated by physical studies. Part three moves on to discuss the applications of optoelectronic and nonlinear optical organic materials in devices and includes chapters on organic solar cells, electronic memory devices, and electronic chemical sensors, electro-optic devices.The Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices is a technical resource for physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists involved in research and development of organic semiconductor and nonlinear optical materials and devices. Comprehensively examines the properties of organic optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials Discusses their applications in different devices including solar cells, LEDs and electronic memory devices An essential technical resource for physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists

Download or read book Excitonic State and Optoelectronic Properties of Organic Semiconductors written by Christof Walter and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electronic and Optical Properties of Organic Semiconductors written by Brian H. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continued development of organic semiconductor materials relies on an understanding of the relationship between optoelectronic properties, molecular structure, and molecular interaction. Several detailed studies of electronic properties in functionalized polyacene materials are presented. A computational model which allows the extraction of charge generation and transport properties from experimental data is developed. Ultrafast charge generation is observed, and the dependence of transient photocurrent data on this charge generation is determined. Greater crystallinitity of the donor leads to more efficient ultrafast charge generation, improving device performance. Voltage and incident intensity dependence data is fit using a single parameter set, allowing for the testing of multiple theoretical models against each other. The effect of acceptor addition to the donor material is investigated. Different acceptors allow for the isolation of effects due to packing and electronic structure interactions with the donor. New sources for organic materials to test are important to the future of the field. One novel source for organic small molecules is the secretions of wood-eating fungi. Optical and electronic characterisation is performed on xylindein, a fungally-derived molecule, as an example of the interesting properties and challenges which this source of material present.

Download or read book Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices written by Sam-Shajing Sun and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-05-29 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting rapid growth in research and development on organic/polymeric electronic and photonic materials and devices, Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic Materials and Devices provides comprehensive coverage of the state-of-the-art in an accessible format. The book presents fundamentals, principles, and mechanisms complem