Download or read book Optimisation of Primary Sludge Acidogenic Fermentation for Biological Nutrient Removal written by Simone Stephanie Banister and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Acid Phase Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Sludges to Improve Biological Nutrient Removal Processes written by Antonio Albornoz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) can improve the balance sheet for waste water treatment plants. However, for phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) to work efficiently, there needs to be a readily biodegradable carbon source as their substrate for growth. Side stream hydrolysis and acid-phase fermentation of the sludge can generate readily available carbon in the form of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The VFAs are subsequently consumed by PAOs to support the phosphorus removal process. Phosphorus is then recovered from the waste activated sludge using various dewatering and sorting methods. This study evaluated modeling of side-stream acid-phase digestion of primary sludge to support consistent production of VFAs and thereby stabilize and optimize phosphorus removal processes. In this regard, hydrolysis processes were focused on since they are typically the rate-limiting step in anaerobic digestion. It was found that the literature fails to provide consistent information to aid in the modeling of this process, particularly with regards to the values of the hydrolysis rate constants and the sensitivity of these constants to environmental factors such as temperature, pH, and sludge composition. An experimental set up consisting of three semi-batch reactors provided data that was subsequently employed in the model evaluation. The reactors were fed with either primary sludge (PS), waste activated sludge (WAS), or a mixture of both (mixed liquor (ML)). The ML set up received 62% PS and 38% WAS by volume. The reactors were fed with sludge from the Elmira WWTP and were operated at an SRT of 6 days. Water quality parameters such as pH, NH3, COD, SS, TKN, VFA, PO4 were monitored using standard analytical methods. It was found that adding WAS to PS increased the hydrolysis of PS solids by 19% based on VFA produced by influent Total COD. BioWin model simulations employed this data to calibrate a baseline model that described the observed VFA production. It was found that traditional anaerobic hydrolysis rate expressions could not describe all data sets consistently. In an effort to improve the universality of the hydrolysis expression, two extensions for the model were considered. The product inhibition extension considered reduced hydrolysis at high VFA concentrations. This model performed well but improved with the second extension regarding enzyme concentration. It was found that including the effect of hydrolytic enzymes in the model can improve the ability of the model to predict results and it is suggested that the follow up research expands in this area to consider more specific enzymes.
Download or read book Acidogenic Anaerobic Digestion of Primary Sludge as a Supplement in Biological Nutrient Removal written by Supawadee Sinnaraprasat and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improvement of Biological Nutrient Removal Performance for Treating Domestic Wastewater Using Supplements Acid Fermentation Products of Primary Sludge molasses Distillery Wastewater written by Sayan Meekaew and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Operator s Guide to Biological Nutrient Removal BNR in the Activated Sludge Process written by Michael H. Gerardi and published by Chemical Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-05-19 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents - List of Tables - List of Figures - PART ONE: NITRIFICATION - Chapter 1 Introduction - Chapter 2 Nitrogenous and Phosphorous Compounds - Chapter 3 Nitrification: The Basics - Chapter 4 Nitrifying Bacteria - Chapter 5 Nitrification and Limiting Factors - Chapter 6 Promoting Nitrification - PART TWO: DENITRIFICATION - Chapter 7 Denitrification: The Basics - Chapter 8 Denitrifying Bacteria - Chapter 9 Denitrification and Limiting Factors - PART THREE: BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL - Chapter 10 Biological Phosphorus Removal: The Basics - Chapter 11 EBPR: Process Control - Abbreviations and Acronyms - Glossary - Bibliography - Biological nutrient removal (BNR), the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, is a complex process. Although the activated sludge process is an efficient technology for the removal of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS), it provides less-than-optimal conditions for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, and presents numerous challenges to the operator trying to satisfy the many requirements for several different groups of bacteria. In addition to satisfying the requirements there are numerous, highly variable operational conditions that impact BNR. These conditions include: changes in strength and composition of the wastewater, alkalinity and pH, temperature, and presence of inhibitory and toxic wastes. Even fluctuations in flows, especially from inflow and infiltration, can adversely impact the aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic conditions needed for successful BNR. Of the three treatment processes, nitrification, denitrification, and enhanced biological removal, nitrification is often the most difficult to achieve. Therefore, a large portion of this book reviews nitrification. Operators of the activated sludge process need to understand the basic biological, chemical, and physical requirements for BNR in order to improve the performance of these treatment processes. An Operator's Guide to Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) in the Activated Sludge Process is intended to help operators in the monitoring, troubleshooting, and process control of BNR. Numerous tables and figures are included in the book to help the operator understand the biological and chemical reactions that are involved in BNR processes and how the reactions can be monitored for process control. Design of BNR processes is not addressed in this book. Design is addressed in numerous engineering publications. The book serves to help operators achieve permit compliance for nitrogen and phosphorus discharge limits and obtain cost-effective operation. -
Download or read book High Rate Activated Sludge Fermentation as a Carbon Source for Side stream Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal S2EBPR and Denitrification written by Anand Patel and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes in wastewater treatment require readily biodegradable chemical oxygen demand (rbCOD), which is often in the form of carbon for denitrification and biological phosphorus removal (bioP), where bioP specifically prefers soluble carbon in the form of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Primary sludge fermentation has been practiced to provide additional rbCOD for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that have unfavorable influent carbon characteristics, however additional supplementation of rbCOD using an external carbon source is often needed, increasing chemical costs and the carbon footprint of the WWTP. This study reports the first pilot-scale implementation of a high-rate aerobic adsorption process (A-Stage) for capturing influent carbon as A-Stage WAS (waste activated sludge), which was then fermented to generate VFAs, enabling downstream side-stream enhanced biological phosphorus removal (S2EBPR) coupled with bio-oxidation (B-Stage) shortcut nitrogen removal.
Download or read book Chemically Enhanced Primary Sedimentation and Acidogenic Sludge Fermentation for Improved Nutrient Removal and Resource Recovery from Municipal Wastewater written by 林琳 and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Primary Sludge Pre fermentation for BNR Optimisation written by M. Fryer and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancement of Nutrient Removal in SBR Systems Through Acid Fermentation of Raw Wastewater written by Shahnaz Danesh and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Impact II written by G. Passerini and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Environmental and Economic Impacts on Sustainable Development incorporating Environmental Economics, Toxicology and Brownfields. Following the success of the first meeting held in the New Forest, home of the Wessex Institute of Technology, in 2012, it considers the pressing issues related to environmental impacts in order to provide complete solutions. The included papers discuss how to assess the impact of economic constraints on the environment, considering the social aspects as well as any resulting environmental damage. The overuse of natural resources and the resulting pollution of the environment need to be better understood in financial terms. Uncontrolled development can result in damage to the environment in terms of the release of toxic substances and hazardous waste. The increasing number of new chemical compounds poses a major challenge to the environment as it is difficult in many cases to predict their effects and take appropriate decisions. Their economic impact can be particularly challenging. The book examines issues related to whether some forms of development are compatible with environmental protection, particularly in cases of possible serious contamination and toxicity. The demand for development land has led to the reuse of properties that have been abandoned for a variety of reasons. Many of them are brownfields, sites which have deteriorated in different ways, including by contamination. These sites are usually a burden in terms of economic losses and contribute to the detriment of the quality of life of entire neighbourhoods. Rehabilitation of local fields, particularly those that are contaminated can be an expensive undertaking and require not only technical solutions but the involvement of financial, regulatory and community stakeholders. Fundamental to this premise is the analysis of the risks involved and the development of appropriate strategies. The papers address problems of great importance discussing more constructive and progressive approaches to ensure sustainability. A major motivation for the meeting is to learn from past failures, to avoid repeating similar mistakes, while attempting to prevent emerging threats to the environmental and ecological systems. Topics covered include: Environmental policies and planning; Environmental assessments; Development issues; Sustainable cities; Economic analysis; Natural resources management; Energy and the environment; Food and the environment; Ecosystems health; Soil contamination; Brownfields rehabilitation; Water resources management; Air and water pollution; Toxicity studies; Environmental health risk; Risk analysis; Community participation; Legislation and regulations.
Download or read book Optimization of Biological Nutrient Removal Systems to Minimize Effluent Variability written by Krisztina Bordacs and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 1st World Water Congress written by IWA Programme Committee and published by IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc). This book was released on 2001-06-30 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Water Congress held in Paris in July 2000 was the first under the banner of the International Water Association, formed by the merger of the International Association on Water Quality and the International Water Services Association. The success of the merger was reflected in the unprecedented degree of interest and participation in the Congress, with nearly two-and-a-half thousand delegates attending for 450 oral presentations, 750 poster presentations and 4 workshops and seminars. From the large number of oral presentations in both the operations and management and the scientific and technical sessions, 58 papers dealing with aspects of the management of water, wastewater and solids have been selected for this issue. Topics include: wastewater operational methods and tools; economic optimization and management; industrial wastewater treatment; small wastewater treatment plants; aeration in wastewater treatment; nuisance-free wastewater treatment plants; sewerage management; watershed and water resources management; landfill management of solid wastes; sludge characteristics; and sludge management. With authors who rank among the world's leading experts in these fields, tackling some of the most prominent contemporary problems, these proceedings are an essential compilation of the latest advances in the management of water, wastewater, the associated solid wastes, and the utilities responsible for these tasks.
Download or read book Biological Wastewater Treatment written by Mogens Henze and published by IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc). This book was released on 1881 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For information on the online course in Biological Wastewater Treatment from UNESCO-IHE, visit: http://www.iwapublishing.co.uk/books/biological-wastewater-treatment-online-course-principles-modeling-and-design Over the past twenty years, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment have advanced extensively and moved away from empirically-based approaches to a first principles approach embracing chemistry, microbiology, physical and bioprocess engineering, and mathematics. Many of these advances have matured to the degree that they have been codified into mathematical models for simulation with computers. For a new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming, particularly in developing countries where access is not readily available to advanced level tertiary education courses in wastewater treatment. Biological Wastewater Treatment addresses this deficiency. It assembles and integrates the postgraduate course material of a dozen or so professors from research groups around the world that have made significant contributions to the advances in wastewater treatment. The book forms part of an internet-based curriculum in biological wastewater treatment which also includes: Summarized lecture handouts of the topics covered in book Filmed lectures by the author professors Tutorial exercises for students self-learning Upon completion of this curriculum the modern approach of modelling and simulation to wastewater treatment plant design and operation, be it activated sludge, biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, secondary settling tanks or biofilm systems, can be embraced with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence.
Download or read book Characterizing Mechanisms of Simultaneous Biological Nutrient Removal During Wastewater Treatment written by P. F. Strom and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simultaneous biological nutrient removal (SBNR) is the removal of nitrogen and/or phosphorus in excess of that required for biomass synthesis in biological wastewater treatment systems where there are no defined anaerobic and/or anoxic zones. The hypothesis is that one or more of three mechanisms is responsible within individual systems: variations in the bioreactor macroenvironment created by the mixing pattern, gradients within the floc microenvironment, and/or novel microorganism activity. Understanding of the mechanisms of SBNR can be expected to lead to improved efficiency and reliability in its application. Preliminary work documented SBNR in 7 full-scale OrbalTM closed loop bioreactors. A batch assay demonstrated that novel microorganism activity was of little importance in SBNR at the three plants tested. While the floc microenvironment likely plays an important role in nitrogen removal in such plants, it cannot explain phosphorus removal. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to elucidate the role of the bioreactor macroenvironment in SBNR. This is the first reported application of CFD to activated sludge biological wastewater treatment. Although the software and computational requirements limited model complexity, it still simulated the creation of dissolved oxygen gradients within the system, demonstrating that the anaerobic zones required for SBNR could occur.
Download or read book Enhanced Biological Wastewater Treatment Supplemented with Anaerobic Fermentation Liquid of Primary Sludge written by Lin Li and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wastewater treatment performance in an inverted A2/O reactor supplemented with fermentation liquid of primary sludge was explored comparing to commercial carbon sources sodium acetate and glucose. Similar COD removal rate was observed with the effluent COD stably reaching the discharge standard for those 3 carbon sources. However, the fermentation liquid distributed more carbon source in the anaerobic zone. Fermentation liquid and sodium acetate tests achieved better nitrogen removal rate than glucose test. The fermentation liquid test showed the best biological phosphors removal performance with the effluent phosphorus barely reaching the discharge standard. The microbial community characterization revealed that the fermentation liquid test was dominated by phylum Proteobacter in all the anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic zones. Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) (i.e., genera Dechloromonas and unclassified_f__Rhodocyclaceae) were selectively enriched with high abundances (over 20%), which resulted in improved phosphorus removal efficiency. Moreover, the predicted abundances of enzymes involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal were also enhanced by the fermentation liquid.
Download or read book Automation in Water Quality Monitoring written by N. Fleischmann and published by IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc). This book was released on 2003-05-31 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need for water quality information is increasingly being met by systems mainly based on automated measurement devices. In order to discuss the state of the art and the future possibilities the AutMoNet 2002 conference was organized to enhance the dialogue between water specialists, plant operators, chemists and instrument suppliers. This interdisciplinary dialogue is essential for the development of solutions for water quality management.The scientific program of AutMoNet 2002 covered a wide range of topics from leading edge sensor technology, wise use of novel technology, data to information transfer, successful end-user applications in municipal water quality management, environmental monitoring, to water system security; the topics were originally presented in 4 sessions: instrumentation, novel sensors and measurement concepts; transforming data into information; on-line analysis in municipal water management; and on-line analysis in environmental monitoring. This issue of Water Science & Technology presents the highlights of the conference: the 4 keynote presentations, and 19 oral presentations selected after peer review. These papers will prove an invaluable resource for researchers into sensor technology, telemetry and chemistry and for plant operators and managers from across the water and wastewater industry.
Download or read book Model based Optimisation of Sustainable Biological Nutrient Removal Processes written by Xiaodi Hao and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
