Download or read book Optical Trapping and Scattering Studies of Field induced Micromechanics Interactions and Dynamics in a Colloidal Suspension written by Eric Matthew Furst and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optical Trapping to Study Micromechanics and Interactions in Magnetorheological Suspensions written by Eric M. Furst and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Colloidal Interactions in Field directed Self assembly written by Pushkar P. Lele and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis discusses: (1) the fabrication of an experimental tool, namely holographic optical tweezers for simultaneously manipulating spatial locations of multiple particles, (2) development of a framework for interpreting hydrodynamic interactions between multiple particles close to a no-slip surface and comparisons of experimental data with predictive modeling results (Stokesian dynamics simulations) (3) investigations of colloidal particle interactions under external AC fields and the intriguing spontaneous pattern formations in the suspension and, (4) the use of an unconventional assemble-stretch technique for creating novel 2D and 3D crystalline arrays of anisotropically shaped particles, from spherical particle templates. By blinking holographic optical traps, we investigate the hydrodynamic interactions in multi-particle ensembles, influenced by a no-slip surface. The measurements are carried out by screening out electrostatic interactions in the suspension. We observe that with increasing proximity with the surface, the effect of particle-particle hydrodynamic interactions on the short-time self-diffusivities is screened. We use the Stokeslet representation of particles and combine it with the method of images to understand the correlated motion of particles within the ensembles. Analysis of the resultant ensemble eigen-modes reveals that even in dilute suspensions, the effective diffusivities decay as the inverse of the separations, over the range of particle-particle separations we experimented with. The relative modes exhibit dominant contributions from close neighboring particles and the collective modes incorporate long-range contributions from all particles in the ensemble. Our analysis also confirms that for larger number of particles in the ensemble, the contributions from particle-particle interactions increase and in concentrated suspensions they over-ride the strong hydrodynamic screening by the wall. We investigate the microstructure of polarizable particles in AC electric fields as a function of field strength and frequency and observe three key features: (1) The order-disorder transition as a function of field strength and frequency exhibits an ordered regime consisting of dipolar chains and crystals between two disordered regimes at low and high field strengths. While the transition to order at low field strengths is consistent with the polarization-induced interactions becoming larger than the thermal energy of the particles, the reentrant disordered regime at high field strengths is marked by large- scale rotating structures; (2) As mentioned, using blinking laser tweezers to characterize the interaction of particle pairs, we demonstrate that particle pair rotation opposite of alignment in the field direction is the microscopic phenomenon driving the observed suspension behavior. The pair particle rotation is observed to decrease with increasing frequency, thus requiring higher field strengths, in agreement with the frequency and field strength dependence of the second order-to-disorder transition; (3) The particle rotation is consistent with a mechanism based on the mutual polarization of particles, and is an effect of the phase lag between the polarization and the applied and mutually induced field. The connection we made between particle interactions and suspension microstructure answers a long-standing debate regarding the mechanism underlying the band structures in experiments employing parallel electrode geometries. Creating ordered crystalline structures from anisotropic particles is a fundamental challenge. To create such structures, either one can direct the assembly of particles from a random dispersion using external fields or, as we will show, they can be created from the controlled deformation of isotropic particle templates. Using an assemble-stretch technique we create 2D and 3D anisotropic particle assemblies from an initial template of close-packed spheres. This method enables the fabrication of anisotropic crystals from particles of any deformable material with a reasonable glass transition temperature, and thus, is a key advantage of the technique. Be- cause the aspect ratios of the particles in the deformed crystal depends solely on the applied mechanical strain, the method offers good control over particle aspect ratios, and can be used to create assemblies from different particle sizes. As long as the original template can be fabricated with long range order, the stretched anisotropic structures will also be ordered over large length scales. We demonstrate that it is also possible to simply align and stack 2D structures to create crystals in three dimensions. The assemble-and-stretch approach shows great promise for ultimately creating structures with complete photonic bandgaps. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Download or read book Annual Commencement written by Stanford University and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scattering Methods and their Application in Colloid and Interface Science written by Otto Glatter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scattering Methods and their Application in Colloid and Interface Science offers an overview of small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering techniques (SAXS & SANS), as well as static and dynamic light scattering (SLS & DLS). These scattering techniques are central to the study of soft matter, such as colloidal dispersions and surfactant self-assembly. The theoretical concepts are followed by an overview of instrumentation and a detailed description of the evaluation techniques in the first part of the book. In the second part, several typical application examples are used to show the strength and limitations of these techniques. - Features the latest input from the world-leading expert with personal experience in all the fields covered (SAXS, SANS, SLS and DLS) - Includes unified notation throughout the book to enhance its readability - Provides—in a single source—scattering theory, evaluation of techniques and a variety of applications
Download or read book Dynamic Light Scattering written by R. Pecora and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the twenty years since their inception, modern dynamic light-scattering techniques have become increasingly sophisticated, and their applications have grown exceedingly diverse. Applications of the techniques to problems in physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and fluid mechanics have prolifer ated. It is probably no longer possible for one or two authors to write a monograph to cover in depth the advances in scattering techniques and the main areas in which they have made a major impact. This volume, which we expect to be the first of aseries, presents reviews of selected specialized areas by renowned experts. It makes no attempt to be comprehensive; it emphasizes a body of related applications to polymeric, biological, and colloidal systems, and to critical phenomena. The well-known monographs on dynamic light scattering by Berne and Pecora and by Chu were published almost ten years ago. They provided comprehensive treatments of the general principles of dynamic light scat tering and gave introductions to a wide variety of applications, but natu rally they could not treat the new applications and advances in older ones that have arisen in the last decade. The new applications include studies of interacting particles in solution (Chapter 4); scaling approaches to the dynamics of polymers, including polymers in semidilute solution (Chapter 5); the use of both Fabry-Perot interferometry and photon correlation spectroscopy to study bulk polymers (Chapter 6); studies of micelIes and microemulsions (Chapter 8); studies of polymer gels (Chapter 9).
Download or read book Scattering in Polymeric and Colloidal Systems written by Wyn Brown and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-08-08 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of selected scattering methods, in particular light and neutron scattering, to complex polymeric and colloidal systems is discussed. Progress in this area of condensed matter is charted and the book provides insight into the theory and practice of the techniques apploed to a number of diverse problems.
Download or read book Phase Behavior and Effective Interactions in Colloidal Suspensions written by and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2007-04-25 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloidal suspensions describe particles with size from typically a few nanometers to a few microns which are dispersed in a medium. In physics, in chemistry, and in biology colloids play an important role and the study of colloidal systems underwent a recent renaissance. This is based on the development of experimental techniques, the availability of extensive computer simulations and well-developed theoretical approaches. From a technological point of view, the relevance of micro- and nanostructured materials and the presence of colloids in nature and everyday life motivates study of this rich field. In this thesis the phase behavior and the effective interactions of colloidal suspensions in bulk, in contact with surfaces, and in confined geometry are studied. For mixtures of particles with hard-core interactions the model introduced by Asakura, Oosawa and Vrij provides an appropriate starting-point. Based on that model the free-volume theory and the density functional theory are employed. In experimental systems one faces particles with properties such as the size or the shape which are described by a distribution. To capture that issue a generalized approach based on free-volume theory for treating mixtures of colloids and a polydisperse depletion agent is presented. Within that approach it is possible to treat size and morphology polydispersity. A depletion agent with a bimodal distribution possessing two length scales can be studied. Though the Asakura-Oosawa-Vrij model describes a simple fluid - a mixture of hard spheres and ideal polymer - the phenomenology is rather rich: in contact with a wall one finds layering and wetting effects and in confined geometry of a narrow pore one finds capillary condensation. The competition between both effects manifests itself in thermodynamic properties like the excess colloid adsorption and the solvation force between the two confining walls. Solvent phase separation complicates the evaluation of interparticle interactions between the solute particles. We address this question for the wall-colloid and the colloid-colloid geometry. For a non-spherical particle the effect of curvature on thermodynamic quantities is studied.
Download or read book Light Scattering in Liquids and Macromolecular Solutions written by V. Degiorgio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains most of the papers presented at the "Workshop on Quasielastic Light Scattering Studies of Fluids and Macromolecular Solutions" held at CISE, Segrate (Milano), Italy, from 11 to 13 May, 1979. Quasielastic light scattering (also called self-beating spectroscopy or intensity correlation spectroscopy) is the technique, introduced by Benedek and coworkers and by Cummins and coworkers about 15 years ago, by which dynamical information about a scattering medium is obtained through the measurement of the power spectrum (or the intensity correlation function) of the laser light scattered from the medium. The technique received in the early seventies a considerable impulse from the development of real-time fast digital correlators. The aim of the Workshop was to bring together a selected number of researchers in order to discuss recent developments in quasielastic light scattering and related optical methods and to report about new applications of the technique in physics, chemistry and biology. The first two days of the meeting were devoted to the oral presentations of papers. In the third day an informal session was held which included a very lively and thorough discussion of the highlights of the Workshop. Most part of the technical problems were debated during the informal session and during the subsequent visits to the light scattering laboratory in CISE.
Download or read book Quantitative Measurement of Interactions Between a Colloidal Particle and a Surface Using Three dimensional Optical Trapping and Evanescent Wave Light Scattering written by Aaron R. Clapp and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statics and Dynamics of Colloidal Particles on Optical Tray Arrays written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the statics and dynamics of charged colloids interacting with periodic optical trap arrays. In particular we study the regime where more than one colloid is confined in each trap, creating effective dimer, trimer, and higher order states called colloidal molecular crystals. The n-mer states have all effective orientational degree of freedom which can be controlled with an external driving field. In general, the external field causes a polarization effect where the orientation of the n-mers aligns with the external field, similar to liquid crystal systems. Additionally, under a rotating external drive the n-mers can rotate with the drive. In some cases a series of structural transitions in the colloidal crystal states occur in the rotating field due to a competition between the ordering of the colloidal molecular crystals and the polarization effect which orients the n-mers in the direction of the drive. We also show that for some parameters, the n-mers continuously rotate with the drive without witching, that depinning transitions can occur where the colloids jump from well to well, and that there are a number of distinct dynamical transitions between the phases. Finally, we illustrate colloidal orderings at fillings of more than four colloids per trap, indicating that it is possible to create higher order colloidal crystal cluster phases.
Download or read book Stimulated Brillouin Scattering written by M J Damzen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-01 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is the most important example of a stimulated scattering process-light scattering that occurs when the intensity of the light field itself affects the propagating medium. A phenomenon that has been known of for some 35 years in solid state laser research, it has recently become relevant in the optical fiber ind
Download or read book Field induced Phenomena in Colloidal Suspensions written by Yabing Qi and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural Properties and Phase Behavior in Colloidal Suspensions written by Stephen A. Barr and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation I present my research on the effective interactions of colloidal particles induced by a smaller species, as well as the structure of colloidal particles undergoing freeze casting. In this research I have used a wide variety of computational techniques in order to understand these systems. Specifically, in Chapter 2 I study nanoparticle haloing in a system of silica microspheres and highly charged polystyrene nanoparticles. Computer simulations are employed to determine the effective microsphere0́3 microsphere potential induced by the nanoparticles. From these simulations I am also able to determine the degree of nanoparticle adsorption on the microsphere surface. In Chapter 3 I investigate the depletion interaction in a system of charged microspheres and rigid rods. The effect of both rod concentration and screening length is explored. In Chapter 4 I study the effective interactions between charged colloids in the presence of multivalent counterions. The role of colloid charge is investigated and the onset of like-charged attraction is determined and compared with theoretical predictions. In order to study this system, I extended the geometric cluster algorithm to efficiently simulate systems interacting through the Coulomb potential. In Chapter 5 computer simulations are employed to elucidate the experimentally observed crystal phases of the Q and MS-2 virus particles in solution with multivalent salt and non-adsorbing polymer. Freeze casting is studied in Chapter 6. In this process colloidal particles are pushed by an advancing ice front. I use molecular dynamics simulations to study the dynamics of the colloidal particles and the resulting structures formed. iii
Download or read book Colloidal Systems written by Marcus Benedictus Hoppenbrouwers and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamic Light Scattering Studies of the Diffusive Motions of Interacting Colloidal Particles written by Aernout van Veluwen and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optical Trapping and Manipulation written by Philip Jones and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are pleased to present “Optical Trapping and Manipulation: From Fundamentals to Applications”, a Special Issue of Micromachines dedicated to the latest research in optical trapping. In recognition of the broad impact of optical manipulation techniques across disciplines, this Special Issue collected contributions related to all aspects of optical trapping and manipulation. Both theoretical and experimental studies were welcome, and applications of optical manipulation methods in fields including (but not limited to) single molecule biophysics, cell biology, nanotechnology, atmospheric chemistry, and fundamental optics were particularly welcome in order to showcase the breadth of the current research. The Special Issue accepted diverse forms of contributions, including research papers, short communications, methods, and review articles representing the state-of-the-art in optical trapping.
