Download or read book Opinion Dynamic Models of Decision Making in Traffic written by Carl-Johan Heiker and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamics of decision making from evidence to preference and belief written by Erica Yu and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the core of the many debates throughout cognitive science concerning how decisions are made are the processes governing the time course of preference formation and decision. From perceptual choices, such as whether the signal on a radar screen indicates an enemy missile or a spot on a CT scan indicates a tumor, to cognitive value-based decisions, such as selecting an agreeable flatmate or deciding the guilt of a defendant, significant and everyday decisions are dynamic over time. Phenomena such as decoy effects, preference reversals and order effects are still puzzling researchers. For example, in a legal context, jurors receive discrete pieces of evidence in sequence, and must integrate these pieces together to reach a singular verdict. From a standard Bayesian viewpoint the order in which people receive the evidence should not influence their final decision, and yet order effects seem a robust empirical phenomena in many decision contexts. Current research on how decisions unfold, especially in a dynamic environment, is advancing our theoretical understanding of decision making. This Research Topic aims to review and further explore the time course of a decision - from how prior beliefs are formed to how those beliefs are used and updated over time, towards the formation of preferences and choices and post-decision processes and effects. Research literatures encompassing varied approaches to the time-scale of decisions will be brought into scope: a) Speeded decisions (and post-decision processes) that require the accumulation of noisy and possibly non-stationary perceptual evidence (e.g., randomly moving dots stimuli), within a few seconds, with or without temporal uncertainty. b) Temporally-extended, value-based decisions that integrate feedback values (e.g., gambling machines) and internally-generated decision criteria (e.g., when one switches attention, selectively, between the various aspects of several choice alternatives). c) Temporally extended, belief-based decisions that build on the integration of evidence, which interacts with the decision maker's belief system, towards the updating of the beliefs and the formation of judgments and preferences (as in the legal context). Research that emphasizes theoretical concerns (including optimality analysis) and mechanisms underlying the decision process, both neural and cognitive, is presented, as well as research that combines experimental and computational levels of analysis.
Download or read book Opinion Dynamics and the Effect of Time varying Opinions written by Kai Yan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opinion dynamics is extensively used in studying large-scale social, economical, political and natural phenomena that involve many interacting agents. It also can be used to model the evolution of teams of autonomous vehicles operating in a coordinated fashion with civilian and military applications, when arbitration among individual goals needs to be negotiated. Recently, research was conducted on how opinion dynamics can be the core of collective decision-making mechanisms for swarm robotics. Opinion dynamics with a time varying opinion space, which is the set of all possible opinions an agent may have, is a relatively recent research topic. In this work, the Deffuant-Weisbuch model (DW model), which allows to model opinion dynamics in shrinking opinion spaces, was applied. In simulating this class of systems and in extracting information from them it is crucial to establish reliable algorithms and criteria for counting the numbers of clusters, as this ultimately affects the determination of the steady state of the system. A method was applied to combine Fuzzy c-means clustering and subtractive clustering to check convergence of the system and avoid negative influence of outliers. Different scenarios are simulated to study the influence of characteristic parameters on the formation of opinions, which is quantified by the formation of clusters in the opinion space. Additionally, we simulate the scenario of a two dimensional opinion space in which one side shrinks, and evaluate how the rate of shrinking influences the steady state opinion space. This is a simplified model to gain some insight on the effect of extreme changes of opinions in multi-dimensional opinion space.
Download or read book Crowd Dynamics Volume 4 written by Nicola Bellomo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-13 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume explores innovative research in the modeling, simulation, and control of crowd dynamics. Chapter authors approach the topic from the perspectives of mathematics, physics, engineering, and psychology, providing a comprehensive overview of the work carried out in this challenging interdisciplinary research field. The volume begins with an overview of analytical problems related to crowd modeling. Attention is then given to the importance of considering the social and psychological factors that influence crowd behavior – such as emotions, communication, and decision-making processes – in order to create reliable models. Finally, specific features of crowd behavior are explored, including single-file traffic, passenger movement, modeling multiple groups in crowds, and the interplay between crowd dynamics and the spread of disease. Crowd Dynamics, Volume 4 is ideal for mathematicians, engineers, physicists, and other researchers working in the rapidly growing field of modeling and simulation of human crowds.
Download or read book International Encyclopedia of Transportation written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-05-13 with total page 4418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an increasingly globalised world, despite reductions in costs and time, transportation has become even more important as a facilitator of economic and human interaction; this is reflected in technical advances in transportation systems, increasing interest in how transportation interacts with society and the need to provide novel approaches to understanding its impacts. This has become particularly acute with the impact that Covid-19 has had on transportation across the world, at local, national and international levels. Encyclopedia of Transportation, Seven Volume Set - containing almost 600 articles - brings a cross-cutting and integrated approach to all aspects of transportation from a variety of interdisciplinary fields including engineering, operations research, economics, geography and sociology in order to understand the changes taking place. Emphasising the interaction between these different aspects of research, it offers new solutions to modern-day problems related to transportation. Each of its nine sections is based around familiar themes, but brings together the views of experts from different disciplinary perspectives. Each section is edited by a subject expert who has commissioned articles from a range of authors representing different disciplines, different parts of the world and different social perspectives. The nine sections are structured around the following themes: Transport Modes; Freight Transport and Logistics; Transport Safety and Security; Transport Economics; Traffic Management; Transport Modelling and Data Management; Transport Policy and Planning; Transport Psychology; Sustainability and Health Issues in Transportation. Some articles provide a technical introduction to a topic whilst others provide a bridge between topics or a more future-oriented view of new research areas or challenges. The end result is a reference work that offers researchers and practitioners new approaches, new ways of thinking and novel solutions to problems. All-encompassing and expertly authored, this outstanding reference work will be essential reading for all students and researchers interested in transportation and its global impact in what is a very uncertain world. Provides a forward looking and integrated approach to transportation Updated with future technological impacts, such as self-driving vehicles, cyber-physical systems and big data analytics Includes comprehensive coverage Presents a worldwide approach, including sets of comparative studies and applications
Download or read book Review of Command and Control Models written by Lloyd M. Crumley and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamic Modelling written by Alisson Brito and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When talking about modelling it is natural to talk about simulation. Simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or systems over time. The objective is to generate a history of the model and the observation of that history helps us understand how the real-world system works, not necessarily involving the real-world into this process. A system (or process) model takes the form of a set of assumptions concerning its operation. In a model mathematical and logical assumptions are considered, and entities and their relationship are delimited. The objective of a model – and its respective simulation – is to answer a vast number of “what-if” questions. Some questions answered in this book are: What if the power distribution system does not work as expected? What if the produced ships were not able to transport all the demanded containers through the Yangtze River in China? And, what if an installed wind farm does not produce the expected amount of energyt? Answering these questions without a dynamic simulation model could be extremely expensive or even impossible in some cases and this book aims to present possible solutions to these problems.
Download or read book Dynamic Perspectives on Managerial Decision Making written by Herbert Dawid and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects research papers addressing topical issues in economics and management with a particular focus on dynamic models which allow to analyze and foster the decision making of firms in dynamic complex environments. The scope of the contributions ranges from daily operational challenges firms face to strategic choices in dynamic industry environments and the analysis of optimal growth paths. The volume also highlights recent methodological developments in the areas of dynamic optimization, dynamic games and meta-heuristics, which help to improve our understanding of (optimal) decision making in a fast evolving economy.
Download or read book Human Behaviour and Traffic Networks written by Michael Schreckenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do people behave in different traffic situations? Are there general laws for mathematical modelling of decision dynamics? The answers, given at the first international workshop on "Human Behaviour in Traffic Networks", are presented in this volume. In 13 articles, well-known experts report about their current work on experiments and modelling in this area. The topics range from psychological behaviour in traffic situations, traffic simulations of various aspects and market analysis to experiments with human participants used in experimental economics. The articles filled with many illustrations are aimed at interested students as well as experts in this field.
Download or read book Models for Vehicular Traffic on Networks written by Mauro Garavello and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Traffic Simulation written by Jaume Barceló and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-06 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing power of computer technologies, the evolution of software en- neering and the advent of the intelligent transport systems has prompted traf c simulation to become one of the most used approaches for traf c analysis in s- port of the design and evaluation of traf c systems. The ability of traf c simulation to emulate the time variability of traf c phenomena makes it a unique tool for capturing the complexity of traf c systems. In recent years, traf c simulation – and namely microscopic traf c simulation – has moved from the academic to the professional world. A wide variety of traf- c simulation software is currently available on the market and it is utilized by thousands of users, consultants, researchers and public agencies. Microscopic traf c simulation based on the emulation of traf c ows from the dynamics of individual vehicles is becoming one the most attractive approaches. However, traf c simulation still lacks a uni ed treatment. Dozens of papers on theory and applications are published in scienti c journals every year. A search of simulation-related papers and workshops through the proceedings of the last annual TRB meetings would support this assertion, as would a review of the minutes from speci cally dedicated meetings such as the International Symposiums on Traf c Simulation (Yokohama, 2002; Lausanne, 2006; Brisbane, 2008) or the International Workshops on Traf c Modeling and Simulation (Tucson, 2001; Barcelona, 2003; Sedona, 2005; Graz 2008). Yet, the only comprehensive treatment of the subject to be found so far is in the user’s manuals of various software products.
Download or read book Traffic Flow Dynamics written by Martin Treiber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a comprehensive and instructive coverage of vehicular traffic flow dynamics and modeling. It makes this fascinating interdisciplinary topic, which to date was only documented in parts by specialized monographs, accessible to a broad readership. Numerous figures and problems with solutions help the reader to quickly understand and practice the presented concepts. This book is targeted at students of physics and traffic engineering and, more generally, also at students and professionals in computer science, mathematics, and interdisciplinary topics. It also offers material for project work in programming and simulation at college and university level. The main part, after presenting different categories of traffic data, is devoted to a mathematical description of the dynamics of traffic flow, covering macroscopic models which describe traffic in terms of density, as well as microscopic many-particle models in which each particle corresponds to a vehicle and its driver. Focus chapters on traffic instabilities and model calibration/validation present these topics in a novel and systematic way. Finally, the theoretical framework is shown at work in selected applications such as traffic-state and travel-time estimation, intelligent transportation systems, traffic operations management, and a detailed physics-based model for fuel consumption and emissions.
Download or read book Advanced Concepts Methodologies and Technologies for Transportation and Logistics written by Jacek Żak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of original papers produced by the members of the Euro Working Group on Transportation (EWGT) in the last several years (2015–2017). The respective chapters present the results of various research projects carried out by the members of the EWGT and extended versions of presentations given at the last several meetings of the EWGT. The book offers a representative sampling of the EWGT’s research activities and covers the state-of-the-art in quantitative oriented transportation/logistics research. It highlights a range of advanced concepts, methodologies and technologies, divided into four major thematic streams: Multiple Criteria Analysis in Transportation and Logistics; Urban Transportation and City Logistics; Road Safety and Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing in Transportation and Logistics. The book is intended for academics/researchers, analysts, business consultants, and graduate students who are interested in advanced techniques of mathematical modeling and computational procedures applied in transportation and logistics.
Download or read book Dynamics in GIscience written by Igor Ivan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-23 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended for researchers, practitioners and students who are interested in the current trends and want to make their GI applications and research dynamic. Time is the key element of contemporary GIS: mobile and wearable electronics, sensor networks, UAVs and other mobile snoopers, the IoT and many other resources produce a massive amount of data every minute, which is naturally located in space as well as in time. Time series data is transformed into almost (from the human perspective) continuous data streams, which require changes to the concept of spatial data recording, storage and manipulation. This book collects the latest innovative research presented at the GIS Ostrava 2017 conference held in 2017 in Ostrava, Czech Republic, under the auspices of EuroSDR and EuroGEO. The accepted papers cover various aspects of dynamics in GIscience, including spatiotemporal data analysis and modelling; spatial mobility data and trajectories; real-time geodata and real-time applications; dynamics in land use, land cover and urban development; visualisation of dynamics; open spatiotemporal data; crowdsourcing for spatiotemporal data and big spatiotemporal data.
Download or read book Journal of Transportation and Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a forum for the latest developments in transportation information and data, theory, concepts, and methods of analysis relevant to all aspects of the transportation system. Publishes original research on the use of information to improve public and private decisionmaking for transportation.
Download or read book Theory of Complexity written by Ricardo López-Ruiz and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over two parts, this book examines the meaning of complexity in the context of systems both social and natural. Chapters cover such topics as the traveling salesman problem, models of opinion dynamics creation, a universal theory for knowledge formation in children, the evaluation of landscape organization and dynamics through information entropy indicators, and studying the performance of wind farms using artificial neural networks. We hope that this book will be useful to an audience interested in the different problems and approaches that are used within the theory of complexity
Download or read book Public Roads written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
