Download or read book One dimensional Nanostructures for PEM Fuel Cell Applications written by Shangfeng Du and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One-dimensional Nanostructures for PEM Fuel Cell Applications provides a review of the progress made in 1D catalysts for applications in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. It highlights the improved understanding of catalytic mechanisms on 1D nanostructures and the new approaches developed for practical applications, also including a critical perspective on current research limits. The book serves as a reference for the design and development of a new generation of catalysts to assist in the realization of successful commercial use that have the potential to decarbonize the domestic heat and transport sectors. In addition, a further commercialization of this technology requires advanced catalysts to address major obstacles faced by the commonly used Pt/C nanoparticles. The unique structure of one-dimensional nanostructures give them advantages to overcome some drawbacks of Pt/C nanoparticles as a new type of excellent catalysts for fuel cell reactions. In recent years, great efforts have been devoted in this area, and much progress has been achieved. Provides a review of 1D catalysts for applications in polymer electrolyte fuel cells Presents an ideal reference for the design and development of a new generation of catalysts to assist in the realization of successful commercial use Highlights the progress made in recent years in this emerging field

Download or read book Controlled Synthesis of One Dimensional Nanostructured Materials and Their Applications as Catalyst Supports in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells written by Mohammad Norouzi Banis and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials have attracted significant interest in the past decade due to their unique structure and properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Nanomaterials-based solutions can address challenges in various technologies such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). PEMFC is an innovative energy conversion technology to directly convert chemical energy to electrical energy by using hydrogen as fuel. However, the current PEMFC system still faces significant technological roadblocks which have to be overcome before the system can become economically viable. A major impediment to the commercialization of PEMFC is the high cost of materials and manufacturing and stability, which is primarily associated with the cost of Pt catalysts and their support in membrane electrode assembly (MEA). One approach in addressing these issues is the controlled synthesis and application of nanostructured Pt-based catalysts and their support in PEMFCs. The objective of this thesis is to synthesize and characterize various nanostructures (e.g. metal oxides and metal silicides or composites) and evaluate their performance as Pt supports used in the PEMFCs. Various advanced characterization techniques such as high resolution scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and electrochemical characterization methods have been used to understand growth mechanism of obtained nanostructures and their roles in PEMFCs. We also reported the synthesis of WSi2 and Ta5Si3 heterostructures using a low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) method. The morphologies of these nanostructures were found to be sensitive to the concentration of reactive species and silica vapor in the CVD chamber. The results indicated that the morphology of WSi2 and Ta5Si3 nanostructures varied from nanowires, networked nanoribbons to nanosheets with the control of the oxygen concentration. A vapor solid growth mechanism based on silica sheath formation was proposed for the synthesis of these nanostructures. To take advantage of unique properties of carbon nanotubes, metal oxide and metal silicides as catalyst support, a new method was developed for the synthesis of composite nanostructures. TiSi2Ox-NCNTs and TiO2-NCNTs nanocomposites were synthesized using a combination of CVD process and magnetron sputtering and their performance as catalyst supports in PEMFCs were studied. Pt nanoparticles deposited on these nanostructures showed enhanced catalytic activity compared to commercial Pt/carbon electrodes. The electronic structure of Pt on the catalyst supports was investigated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, to obtain insight into the interaction between the catalyst supports and Pt nanoparticles. As an example of well controlled synthesis of nanostructures, one-dimensional tungsten oxide nanostructures (W18O49) have been synthesized using a conventional chemical vapor deposition method (CVD). The morphology of the nanostructures such as diameter and length, were controlled during the synthesis process via sulfur doping. The dependence of morphology, composition and structure of tungsten oxides on the sulfur flow rate has been studied. Further, one step synthesis of tungsten sulfide/tungsten oxide nanocables (WS2/W18O49) have been achieved for the first time using tungsten and sulfur powder as the starting materials. In summary, the research work presented in this thesis aims at contributing to the development of various novel nanostructured catalyst supports and probing the correlation between synthesis approach, fine structure, and catalytic performance of the nanostructures as well as exploring their potential applications in highly active electrocatalysts for PEMFCs.

Download or read book Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Fuel Cells written by San Ping Jiang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-12-07 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boasting chapters written by leading international experts, Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Fuel Cells provides an overview of the progress that has been made so far in the material and catalyst development for fuel cells. The book covers the most recent developments detailing all aspects of synthesis, characterization, and performance.It

Download or read book One Dimensional nanostructures written by Zhenyu Li and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Electrospinning Technique and Unique Nanofibers is a comprehensive book depicting the electrospinning technique and related 1D unique electrospun nanofibers. The first part of the book focuses on electrospinning technique, with chapters describing Electrospinning setup, electrospinning theories, and related working parameter. The second part of the book describes in detail specific topics on how to control the electrospun fiber properties such as how to control the fiber direction, how to control the fiber surface morphology, how to control the fiber structure, and how to construct 3D structures by electrospun fibers. The final part of the book depicts the applications of the electrospun nanofibers, with sections describing in detail specific fields such as electrospun nanofiber reinforcement, filtration, electronic devices, lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, biomedical field, and so on. One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Electrospinning Technique and Unique Nanofibers is designed to bring state-of-the-art on electrospinning together into a single book and will be valuable resource for scientists in the electrospinning field and other scientists involved in biomedical field, mechanical field, materials, and energy field. Dr. Zhenyu Li is an associate professor at the Dept. of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China. Currently, he also holds the position in Australian Future Fibres Research & Innovation Centre, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. Dr. Ce Wang is a professor at the Dept. of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China.

Download or read book Advanced One dimensional Nanostructures for High Performance Catalyst Electrodes in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells written by Yaxiang Lu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nanoporous Materials for Molecule Separation and Conversion written by Jian Liu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-04 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoporous Materials for Molecule Separation and Conversion cover the topic with sections on nanoporous material synthesis and characterization, nanoporous materials for molecule separation, and nanoporous materials for energy storage and renewable energy. Typical nanoporous materials including carbon, zeolite, silica and metal-organic frameworks and their applications in molecule separation and energy related applications are covered. In addition, the fundamentals of molecule adsorption and molecule transport in nanoporous materials are also included, providing readers with a stronger understanding of the principles and topics covered. This is an important reference for anyone exploring nanoporous materials, including researchers and postgraduate students in materials science and chemical engineering. In addition, it is ideal for industry professionals working on a wide range of applications for nanoporous materials. - Outlines the fundamental principles of nanoporous materials design - Explores the application of nanoporous materials in important areas such as molecule separation and energy storage - Gives real-life examples of how nanoporous materials are used in a variety of industry sector

Download or read book Nanostructured Surfaces and Thin Films Synthesis by Physical Vapor Deposition written by Rafael Alvarez and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-04-22 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue deals with the synthesis of nanostructured surfaces and thin films by means of physical vapor deposition techniques such as pulsed laser deposition, magnetron sputtering, HiPIMS, or e-beam evaporation, among others. The nanostructuration of the surface modifies the way a material interacts with the environment, changing its optical, mechanical, electrical, tribological, or chemical properties. This can be applied in the development of photovoltaic cells, tribological coatings, optofluidic sensors, or biotechnology to name a few. This issue includes research presenting novel or improved applications of nanostructured thin films, such as photovoltaic solar cells, thin-film transistors, antibacterial coatings or chemical and biological sensors, while also studying the nanostructuration mechanisms, from a fundamental point of view, that produce rods, columns, helixes or hexagonal grids at the nanoscale.

Download or read book One dimensional Platinum based Hybrid Nanostructures for High Performance Electrodes in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells written by Peter Mardle and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book One Dimensional Polymeric Nanocomposites written by Ram K. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-02-14 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One-dimensional nanomaterials are emerging as promising materials for their many unique characteristics. This book covers their synthesis and applications in batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, green energy production, flexible electronics, electrochemical sensors, and biomedicine. Progress in nanotechnology offers an opportunity to synthesize materials with unique properties. The properties of nanomaterials can be further improved by growing them in one-dimension structural with variations in their architecture. One-dimensional polymeric nanocomposites offer various advantages such as nano dimensions, high surface area, structural stability, and the ability to tune their electrochemical, electronic, and optical properties. The book covers basic concepts, chemistries, properties, and the importance of one-dimensional nanomaterials, along with their wide applications and state-of-the-art progress in the energy, flexible electronics, sensor, and biomedical fields. The fundamentals of electrochemical behavior and their understanding for various applications are also discussed in detail. This book will provide new direction to scientists, researchers, and students to better understand the chemistry, technologies, and applications of one-dimensional polymeric nanocomposites.

Download or read book Development of Novel Nanomaterials for High performance and Low cost Fuel Cell Applicatgions written by Shuhu Sun and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are promising energy converting technologies to generate electricity by mainly using hydrogen as a fuel, producing water as the only exhaust. However, short life-time and high cost of Pt catalyst are the main obstacles for the commercialization of PEMFCs. In the conventional carbon black upported platinum nanoparticle (NP) commercial catalyst, carbon supports are prone to oxidation and corrosion over time that results in Pt NPs migration, coalescence, even detaching from the catalyst support. In addition, Ostwald ripening of the Pt NPs could also occur due to their high surface energy and zero dimensional structural features. All these contribute to the degradation of fuel cell performance. This research aims at fabricating various advanced nanomaterials, including (1) Pt-based highly efficient nanocatalysts and (2) alternative nanostructured durable catalyst supports, to address the above-mentioned challenges in PEMFCs. It is well known that the catalytic activity and durability of Pt catalysts are highly dependent on their size and shape. In contrast to commercially-used Pt spherical nanoparticles, one-dimensional (1D) structures of Pt, such as nanowires (NWs), exhibit additional advantages associated with their anisotropy and unique structure. We first reported a new approach to address both activity and durability challenges of PEM fuel cells by using 1D Pt nanowires (PtNWs) as electrocatalyst. Pt NWs were synthesized via a very simple environmentally-friendly aqueous solution route at room temperature, without the need of heating, surfactants or complicated experimental apparatus. This novel PtNW nanostructure showed much improved activity and durability than the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C catalyst which is made of Pt nanoparticles. Further, Pt NWs were grown on Sn@CNT nanocable support to form a novel 3D fuel-cell electrode (PtNW/Sn@CNT). This approach allows us to combine the advantages of both PtNW catalyst and Sn@CNT 3D nanocable support for fuel cell applications. The PtNW/Sn@CNT 3D electrodes showed greatly enhanced electrocatalytic activities for ORR, MOR and improved CO tolerance than commercial Pt/C nanoparticle catalyst. To save more platinum, ultrathin Pt NWs with even smaller diameters of 2.5 nm (vs. 4 nm reported in our previous work) have been successfully synthesized when using N-doped CNTs as support. Direct evidence for the formation of ultrathin Pt NWs was provided by systematically investigating their growth process under TEM. Nitrogen doping in CNTs played a key role in the formation of ultrathin Pt nanowires. In terms of low durability of PEM fuel cell catalysts, the corrosion of current commonly-used carbon black support materials have been identified to be the major contributor to the catalyst failure. One of the major challenges lies in the development of inexpensive, efficient, and highly durable alternative catalyst supports that possess high corrosion resistance, high conductivity and high surface area. In this work, a series of promising alternative nanostructured catalyst supports, including 0D Nb-doped CNTs as support. Direct evidence for the formation of ultrathin Pt NWs was provided by systematically investigating their growth process under TEM. Nitrogen doping in CNTs played a key role in the formation of ultrathin Pt nanowires. In terms of low durability of PEM fuel cell catalysts, the corrosion of current commonly-used carbon black support materials have been identified to be the major contributor to the catalyst failure. One of the major challenges lies in the development of inexpensive, efficient, and highly durable alternative catalyst supports that possess high corrosion resistance, high conductivity and high surface area. In this work, a series of promising alternative nanostructured catalyst supports, including 0D Nb-doped TiO2 hollow nanospheres, 1D TiSix-NCNT nanostructures, and 2D graphene nanosheets, have been synthesized by various methods and used as catalyst supports. Pt nanoparticles were then deposited on these novel supports, showing enhanced catalytic activities and durabilities. Most interestingly, a new technique, atomic layer deposition (ALD), was used to uniformly deposit Pt nanoparticles, subnanometer clusters and single atoms on graphene nanosheets. Downsizing Pt nanoparticles to clusters or even single atoms could significantly increase their catalytic activity and is therefore highly desirable to maximize the efficiency. In summary, the discoveries in this thesis contribute to applying various novel nanostructured materials to design highly active and stable electrocatalyst and durable catalyst support to develop high performance and low cost PEM fuel cells.

Download or read book PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers written by Jiujun Zhang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-26 with total page 1147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising clean energy converting devices with high efficiency and low to zero emissions. Such power sources can be used in transportation, stationary, portable and micro power applications. The key components of these fuel cells are catalysts and catalyst layers. “PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers” provides a comprehensive, in-depth survey of the field, presented by internationally renowned fuel cell scientists. The opening chapters introduce the fundamentals of electrochemical theory and fuel cell catalysis. Later chapters investigate the synthesis, characterization, and activity validation of PEM fuel cell catalysts. Further chapters describe in detail the integration of the electrocatalyst/catalyst layers into the fuel cell, and their performance validation. Researchers and engineers in the fuel cell industry will find this book a valuable resource, as will students of electrochemical engineering and catalyst synthesis.

Download or read book Nanopatterned and Nanoparticle Modified Electrodes written by Richard C. Alkire and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume XVII in the "Advances in Electrochemical Science and Engineering" series, this monograph covers progress in this rapidly developing field with a particular emphasis on important applications, including spectroscopy, medicinal chemistry and analytical chemistry. As such it covers nanopatterned and nanoparticle-modified electrodes for analytical detection, surface spectroscopy, electrocatalysis and a fundamental understanding of the relation between the electrode structure and its function. Written by a group of international experts, this is a valuable resource for researchers working in such fields as electrochemistry, materials science, spectroscopy, analytical and medicinal chemistry.

Download or read book Electrocatalysts for Low Temperature Fuel Cells written by Thandavarayan Maiyalagan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-05-04 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meeting the need for a text on solutions to conditions which have so far been a drawback for this important and trend-setting technology, this monograph places special emphasis on novel, alternative catalysts of low temperature fuel cells. Comprehensive in its coverage, the text discusses not only the electrochemical, mechanistic, and material scientific background, but also provides extensive chapters on the design and fabrication of electrocatalysts. A valuable resource aimed at multidisciplinary audiences in the fields of academia and industry.

Download or read book Low cost Nanomaterials written by Zhiqun Lin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will cover the most recent progress on the use of low-cost nanomaterials and development of low-cost/large scale processing techniques for greener and more efficient energy related applications, including but not limited to solar cells, energy storage, fuel cells, hydrogen generation, biofuels, etc. Leading researchers will be invited to author chapters in the field with their expertise. Each chapter will provide general introduction to a specific topic, current status of research and development, research challenges and outlook for future direction of research. This book aims to benefit a broad readership, from undergraduate/graduate students to researchers working on renewable energy.

Download or read book Nanostructured Materials for Next Generation Energy Storage and Conversion written by Fan Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The energy crisis and pollution have posed significant risks to the environment, transportation, and economy over the last century. Thus, green energy becomes one of the critical global technologies and the use of nanomaterials in these technologies is an important and active research area. This book series presents the progress and opportunities in green energy sustainability. Developments in nanoscaled electrocatalysts, solid oxide and proton exchange membrane fuel cells, lithium ion batteries, and photovoltaic techniques comprise the area of energy storage and conversion. Developments in carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and hydrogen (H2) storage using tunable structured materials are discussed. Design and characterization of new nanoscaled materials with controllable particle size, structure, shape, porosity and band gap to enhance next generation energy systems are also included. The technical topics covered in this series are metal organic frameworks, nanoparticles, nanocomposites, proton exchange membrane fuel cell catalysts, solid oxide fuel cell electrode design, trapping of carbon dioxide, and hydrogen gas storage.

Download or read book Industrial Applications of Nanoceramics written by Shadpour Mallakpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-20 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Applications of Nanoceramics shows the unique processing, mechanical and surface characteristics of nanoceramics, covering their industrial application areas. These include the fabrication of capacitors, dense ceramics, corrosion-resistant coatings, solid electrolytes for fuel cells, sensors, batteries, cosmetic health, thermal barrier coatings, catalysts, bioengineering, automotive engineering, optoelectronics, computers, electronics, etc. This is an important reference source for materials scientists and engineers who are seeking to understand more about how nanoceramics are being used in a variety of industry sectors. Nanoceramics have the ability to show improved and unique properties, compared with conventional bulk ceramic materials. Zirconia (ZrO2), alumina (Al2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4) and titanium carbide fall into this category. - Outlines the superior chemical, physical and mechanical properties of nanoceramics compared with their macroscale counterparts - Includes major industrial applications of nanoceramics in energy, engineering and biomedicine - Explains the major processing techniques used for nanoceramic-based materials

Download or read book Catalyst Electrode Development from One dimensional Platinum Silver based Alloy Nanostructures for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells written by Elok Fidiani and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: