Download or read book On solutions of some of unsolved problems in number theory specifically on the distribution of primes written by Ahmad Sabihi and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We solve some famous conjectures on the distribution of primes. These conjectures are to be listed as Legendre’s, Andrica’s, Oppermann’s, Brocard’s, Cramer’s, Shanks’, and five Smarandache’s conjectures. We make use of both Firoozbakht’s conjecture (which recently proved by the author) and Kourbatov’s theorem on the distribution of and gaps between consecutive primes. These latter conjecture and theorem play an essential role in our methods for proving these famous conjectures. In order to prove Shanks’ conjecture, we make use of Panaitopol’s asymptotic formula for π(x) as well.

Download or read book On solutions of some of unsolved problems in number theory speci cally on the distribution of primes written by Ahmad Sabihi and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We solve some famous conjectures on the distribution of primes. These conjectures are to be listed as Legendre’s, Andrica’s, Oppermann’s, Brocard’s, Cram´er’s, Shanks’, and five Smarandache’s conjectures.

Download or read book written by and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Solved and Unsolved Problems in Number Theory written by Daniel Shanks and published by American Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2024-01-24 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation of three problems, perfect numbers, periodic decimals, and Pythagorean numbers, has given rise to much of elementary number theory. In this book, Daniel Shanks, past editor of Mathematics of Computation, shows how each result leads to further results and conjectures. The outcome is a most exciting and unusual treatment. This edition contains a new chapter presenting research done between 1962 and 1978, emphasizing results that were achieved with the help of computers.

Download or read book The Distribution of Prime Numbers written by Albert Edward Ingham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-09-28 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1934, this volume presents the theory of the distribution of the prime numbers in the series of natural numbers. Despite being long out of print, it remains unsurpassed as an introduction to the field.

Download or read book Transition to Advanced Mathematics written by Danilo R. Diedrichs and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-22 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique and contemporary text not only offers an introduction to proofs with a view towards algebra and analysis, a standard fare for a transition course, but also presents practical skills for upper-level mathematics coursework and exposes undergraduate students to the context and culture of contemporary mathematics. The authors implement the practice recommended by the Committee on the Undergraduate Program in Mathematics (CUPM) curriculum guide, that a modern mathematics program should include cognitive goals and offer a broad perspective of the discipline. Part I offers: An introduction to logic and set theory. Proof methods as a vehicle leading to topics useful for analysis, topology, algebra, and probability. Many illustrated examples, often drawing on what students already know, that minimize conversation about "doing proofs." An appendix that provides an annotated rubric with feedback codes for assessing proof writing. Part II presents the context and culture aspects of the transition experience, including: 21st century mathematics, including the current mathematical culture, vocations, and careers. History and philosophical issues in mathematics. Approaching, reading, and learning from journal articles and other primary sources. Mathematical writing and typesetting in LaTeX. Together, these Parts provide a complete introduction to modern mathematics, both in content and practice. Table of Contents Part I - Introduction to Proofs Logic and Sets Arguments and Proofs Functions Properties of the Integers Counting and Combinatorial Arguments Relations Part II - Culture, History, Reading, and Writing Mathematical Culture, Vocation, and Careers History and Philosophy of Mathematics Reading and Researching Mathematics Writing and Presenting Mathematics Appendix A. Rubric for Assessing Proofs Appendix B. Index of Theorems and Definitions from Calculus and Linear Algebra Bibliography Index Biographies Danilo R. Diedrichs is an Associate Professor of Mathematics at Wheaton College in Illinois. Raised and educated in Switzerland, he holds a PhD in applied mathematical and computational sciences from the University of Iowa, as well as a master’s degree in civil engineering from the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale in Lausanne, Switzerland. His research interests are in dynamical systems modeling applied to biology, ecology, and epidemiology. Stephen Lovett is a Professor of Mathematics at Wheaton College in Illinois. He holds a PhD in representation theory from Northeastern University. His other books include Abstract Algebra: Structures and Applications (2015), Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces, with Tom Banchoff (2016), and Differential Geometry of Manifolds (2019).

Download or read book The Riemann Hypothesis written by Peter B. Borwein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Riemann Hypothesis has become the Holy Grail of mathematics in the century and a half since 1859 when Bernhard Riemann, one of the extraordinary mathematical talents of the 19th century, originally posed the problem. While the problem is notoriously difficult, and complicated even to state carefully, it can be loosely formulated as "the number of integers with an even number of prime factors is the same as the number of integers with an odd number of prime factors." The Hypothesis makes a very precise connection between two seemingly unrelated mathematical objects, namely prime numbers and the zeros of analytic functions. If solved, it would give us profound insight into number theory and, in particular, the nature of prime numbers. This book is an introduction to the theory surrounding the Riemann Hypothesis. Part I serves as a compendium of known results and as a primer for the material presented in the 20 original papers contained in Part II. The original papers place the material into historical context and illustrate the motivations for research on and around the Riemann Hypothesis. Several of these papers focus on computation of the zeta function, while others give proofs of the Prime Number Theorem, since the Prime Number Theorem is so closely connected to the Riemann Hypothesis. The text is suitable for a graduate course or seminar or simply as a reference for anyone interested in this extraordinary conjecture.

Download or read book Not Always Buried Deep written by Paul Pollack and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2009-10-14 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Number theory is one of the few areas of mathematics where problems of substantial interest can be fully described to someone with minimal mathematical background. Solving such problems sometimes requires difficult and deep methods. But this is not a universal phenomenon; many engaging problems can be successfully attacked with little more than one's mathematical bare hands. In this case one says that the problem can be solved in an elementary way. Such elementary methods and the problems to which they apply are the subject of this book. Not Always Buried Deep is designed to be read and enjoyed by those who wish to explore elementary methods in modern number theory. The heart of the book is a thorough introduction to elementary prime number theory, including Dirichlet's theorem on primes in arithmetic progressions, the Brun sieve, and the Erdos-Selberg proof of the prime number theorem. Rather than trying to present a comprehensive treatise, Pollack focuses on topics that are particularly attractive and accessible. Other topics covered include Gauss's theory of cyclotomy and its applications to rational reciprocity laws, Hilbert's solution to Waring's problem, and modern work on perfect numbers. The nature of the material means that little is required in terms of prerequisites: The reader is expected to have prior familiarity with number theory at the level of an undergraduate course and a first course in modern algebra (covering groups, rings, and fields). The exposition is complemented by over 200 exercises and 400 references.

Download or read book Prime Obsession written by John Derbyshire and published by Joseph Henry Press. This book was released on 2003-04-15 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In August 1859 Bernhard Riemann, a little-known 32-year old mathematician, presented a paper to the Berlin Academy titled: "On the Number of Prime Numbers Less Than a Given Quantity." In the middle of that paper, Riemann made an incidental remark â€" a guess, a hypothesis. What he tossed out to the assembled mathematicians that day has proven to be almost cruelly compelling to countless scholars in the ensuing years. Today, after 150 years of careful research and exhaustive study, the question remains. Is the hypothesis true or false? Riemann's basic inquiry, the primary topic of his paper, concerned a straightforward but nevertheless important matter of arithmetic â€" defining a precise formula to track and identify the occurrence of prime numbers. But it is that incidental remark â€" the Riemann Hypothesis â€" that is the truly astonishing legacy of his 1859 paper. Because Riemann was able to see beyond the pattern of the primes to discern traces of something mysterious and mathematically elegant shrouded in the shadows â€" subtle variations in the distribution of those prime numbers. Brilliant for its clarity, astounding for its potential consequences, the Hypothesis took on enormous importance in mathematics. Indeed, the successful solution to this puzzle would herald a revolution in prime number theory. Proving or disproving it became the greatest challenge of the age. It has become clear that the Riemann Hypothesis, whose resolution seems to hang tantalizingly just beyond our grasp, holds the key to a variety of scientific and mathematical investigations. The making and breaking of modern codes, which depend on the properties of the prime numbers, have roots in the Hypothesis. In a series of extraordinary developments during the 1970s, it emerged that even the physics of the atomic nucleus is connected in ways not yet fully understood to this strange conundrum. Hunting down the solution to the Riemann Hypothesis has become an obsession for many â€" the veritable "great white whale" of mathematical research. Yet despite determined efforts by generations of mathematicians, the Riemann Hypothesis defies resolution. Alternating passages of extraordinarily lucid mathematical exposition with chapters of elegantly composed biography and history, Prime Obsession is a fascinating and fluent account of an epic mathematical mystery that continues to challenge and excite the world. Posited a century and a half ago, the Riemann Hypothesis is an intellectual feast for the cognoscenti and the curious alike. Not just a story of numbers and calculations, Prime Obsession is the engrossing tale of a relentless hunt for an elusive proof â€" and those who have been consumed by it.

Download or read book Selecta Diophantine problems and polynomials written by Andrzej Schinzel and published by European Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2007 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book CliffsNotes Praxis II Elementary Education 0011 0012 0014 Test Prep written by Jocelyn L. Paris and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2012 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Old and New Unsolved Problems in Plane Geometry and Number Theory written by Victor Klee and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2020-07-31 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Victor Klee and Stan Wagon discuss some of the unsolved problems in number theory and geometry, many of which can be understood by readers with a very modest mathematical background. The presentation is organized around 24 central problems, many of which are accompanied by other, related problems. The authors place each problem in its historical and mathematical context, and the discussion is at the level of undergraduate mathematics. Each problem section is presented in two parts. The first gives an elementary overview discussing the history and both the solved and unsolved variants of the problem. The second part contains more details, including a few proofs of related results, a wider and deeper survey of what is known about the problem and its relatives, and a large collection of references. Both parts contain exercises, with solutions. The book is aimed at both teachers and students of mathematics who want to know more about famous unsolved problems.

Download or read book The Prime Numbers and Their Distribution written by Gerald Tenenbaum and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2000 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One notable new direction this century in the study of primes has been the influx of ideas from probability. The goal of this book is to provide insights into the prime numbers and to describe how a sequence so tautly determined can incorporate such a striking amount of randomness. The book opens with some classic topics of number theory. It ends with a discussion of some of the outstanding conjectures in number theory. In between are an excellent chapter on the stochastic properties of primes and a walk through an elementary proof of the Prime Number Theorem. This book is suitable for anyone who has had a little number theory and some advanced calculus involving estimates. Its engaging style and invigorating point of view will make refreshing reading for advanced undergraduates through research mathematicians.

Download or read book Exploring Numbers Beyond Primes written by N.B. Singh and published by N.B.Singh. This book was released on with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Exploring Numbers Beyond Primes" is a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the fascinating world of number theory, designed specifically for absolute beginners. This book takes readers on a captivating journey through the mysteries of prime numbers and Diophantine equations, offering clear explanations and engaging examples along the way. From the historical origins of number theory to modern approaches and future directions, each chapter provides a step-by-step exploration of key concepts, supported by vivid descriptions and relatable analogies. Whether you're a curious novice or an aspiring mathematician, "Exploring Numbers Beyond Primes" invites you to discover the beauty and wonder of numbers, inspiring a lifelong passion for mathematical inquiry.

Download or read book Gamma written by Julian Havil and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the myriad of constants that appear in mathematics, p, e, and i are the most familiar. Following closely behind is g, or gamma, a constant that arises in many mathematical areas yet maintains a profound sense of mystery. In a tantalizing blend of history and mathematics, Julian Havil takes the reader on a journey through logarithms and the harmonic series, the two defining elements of gamma, toward the first account of gamma's place in mathematics. Introduced by the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler (1707-1783), who figures prominently in this.

Download or read book Mathematical Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reviews in Number Theory 1984 96 written by and published by American Mathematical Society(RI). This book was released on 1998 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These six volumes include approximately 20,000 reviews of items in number theory that appeared in Mathematical Reviews between 1984 and 1996. This is the third such set of volumes in number theory. The first was edited by W.J. LeVeque and included reviews from 1940-1972; the second was edited by R.K. Guy and appeared in 1984. With the publication of these review volumes, readers now have available reviews in number theory covering more than half a century.