Download or read book Alcohol Drugs and Impaired Driving written by A. Wayne Jones and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol, Drugs, and Impaired Driving addresses many theoretical and practical issues related to the role played by alcohol and other psychoactive drugs on driving performance, road-traffic safety, and public health. Several key forensic issues are involved in the enforcement of laws regulating driving under the influence of alcohol and/or other drugs, including analytical toxicology, pharmacology of drug action, as well as the relationships between dose taken, concentration levels in the body, and impairment of performance and behavior. Our knowledge of drunken driving is much more comprehensive than drugged driving, so a large part of this book is devoted to alcohol impairment, as well as impairment caused by use of drugs other than alcohol. For convenience, the book is divided into four main sections. The first section gives some historical background about measuring alcohol in blood and breath as evidence for the prosecution of traffic offenders. The important role of the Breathalyzer instrument in traffic-law enforcement, especially in Australia, Canada, and the USA is presented along with a biographical sketch of its inventor (Professor Robert F. Borkenstein of Indiana University) with focus on the man, his work and his impact. The second section discusses several issues related to forensic blood and breath-alcohol alcohol analysis as evidence for prosecution of traffic offenders. This includes how the results should be interpreted in relation to impairment and an evaluation of common defense challenges. Because most countries have adopted concentration per se laws, the main thrust of the prosecution case is the suspect’s measured blood- or breath-alcohol concentration. This legal framework necessitates that the analytical methods used are "fit for purpose" and are subjected to rigorous quality assurance procedures. The third section gives a broad overview of the current state of knowledge about driving under the influence of non-alcohol drugs in various countries. This includes adoption of zero-tolerance laws, concentration per se statutes, and clinical evidence of driver impairment based on field sobriety tests and drug recognition expert evidence. The fourth section deals with epidemiology, enforcement, and countermeasures aimed at reducing the threat of drunken and drugged driving. All articles have appeared previously in the international journal Forensic Science Review, but all are completely updated with current data, references, and the latest research on developments since the articles were published. This book contains a convenient collection of the best articles covering recommendations for blood and breath testing methods, public policy relating to such methods, and forensic and legal implications of the enforcement of measures to counter driving under the influence.

Download or read book Traffic Safety and Human Behavior written by David Shinar and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-22 with total page 1262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive 2nd edition covers the key issues that relate human behavior to traffic safety. In particular it covers the increasing roles that pedestrians and cyclists have in the traffic system; the role of infotainment in driver distraction; and the increasing role of driver assistance systems in changing the driver-vehicle interaction.

Download or read book Handbook of Evidence Based Substance Abuse Treatment in Criminal Justice Settings written by Carl Leukefeld and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-28 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get high. Become addicted. Commit crimes. Get arrested and be sent to jail. Get released. Repeat. It’s a cycle often destined to persist, in large part because the critical step that is often missing in the process, which is treatment geared toward ensuring that addicts are able to reenter society without the constant threat of imminent relapse. The Handbook of Evidence-Based Substance Abuse Treatment in Criminal Justice Setting probes the efficacy of corrections-based drug interventions, particularly behavioral treatment. With straightforward interpretation of data that reveals what works, what doesn’t, and what needs further study, this volume navigates readers through the criminal justice system, the history of drug treatment for offenders, and the practical problems of program design and implementation. Probation and parole issues as well as concerns specific to special populations such as women, juvenile offenders, and inmates living with HIV/AIDS are also examined in detail. The Handbook’s wide-ranging coverage includes: Biology and genetics of the addicted brain. Case management for substance-abusing offenders. Integrated treatment for drug abuse and mental illness. Evidence-based responses to impaired driving. Monitoring technology and alternatives to incarceration. The use of pharmacotherapy in rehabilitation. This must-have reference work is a comprehensive and timely resource for clinicians, researchers, and graduate students across a variety of disciplines including clinical psychology, criminology and criminal justice, counseling, and educational policy makers.

Download or read book Getting to Zero Alcohol Impaired Driving Fatalities written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-05-25 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol-impaired driving is an important health and social issue as it remains a major risk to Americans' health today, surpassing deaths per year of certain cancers, HIV/AIDS, and drownings, among others, and contributing to long-term disabilities from head and spinal injuries. Progress has been made over the past decades towards reducing these trends, but that progress has been incremental and has stagnated more recently. Getting to Zero Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities examines which interventions (programs, systems, and policies) are most promising to prevent injuries and death from alcohol-impaired driving, the barriers to action and approaches to overcome them, and which interventions need to be changed or adopted. This report makes broad-reaching recommendations that will serve as a blueprint for the nation to accelerate the progress in reducing alcohol-impaired driving fatalities.

Download or read book Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders written by Kenneth J. Sher and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) have been documented in a number of cultures since the beginnings of recorded time and represent major societal concerns in the present day. The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders provides comprehensive reviews of key areas of inquiry into the fundamental nature of substance use and SUDs, their features, causes, consequences, course, treatment, and prevention. It is clear that understanding these various aspects of substance use and SUDs requires a multidisciplinary perspective that considers the pharmacology of drugs of abuse, genetic variation in these acute and chronic effects, and psychological processes in the context of the interpersonal and cultural contexts. Comprising two volumes, this Handbook also highlights a range of opportunities and challenges facing those interested in the basic understanding of the nature of these phenomena and novel approaches to assess, prevent, and treat these conditions with the goal of reducing the enormous burden these problems place on our global society. Chapters in Volume 1 cover the historical and cultural contexts of substance use and its consequences, its epidemiology and course, etiological processes from the perspective of neuropharmacology, genetics, personality, development, motivation, and the interpersonal and larger social environment. Chapters in Volume 2 cover major health and social consequences of substance involvement, psychiatric comorbidity, assessment, and interventions. Each chapter highlights key issues in the respective topic area and raises unanswered questions for future research. All chapters are authored by leading scholars in each topic. The level of coverage is sufficiently deep to be of value to both trainees and established scientists and clinicians interested in an evidenced-based approach.

Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.

Download or read book Guidance for Implementation of the AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Driver s License Suspensions Impacts and Fairness Study written by Jon A. Carnegie and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluating Transdermal Alcohol Measuring Devices written by Paul R. Marques and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Presidential Commission on Drunk Driving written by United States. Presidential Commission on Drunk Driving and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Crash Reduction Factors for Education and Enforcement written by Helmut T. Zwahlen and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ODOT has a goal of reducing total crashes by 10% by 2015. Driver education, licensing, testing, and enforcement strategies are all tools that can be used to help reduce the incidence of accidents, particularly among teenage drivers, who are involved in accidents well out of proportion to their numbers in the overall driver population. In order to determine which strategies are likely to provide the best results, ODOT needs to have some quantitative estimate of the effectiveness of each strategy in terms of the amount of reduction it provides, in other words a crash reduction factor (CRF). A comprehensive literature and web search was conducted to determine driver education, licensing and enforcement practices, and CRF values used by other states and countries. An electronic survey of all states was conducted to get information about driver education, licensing programs, testing and enforcement measures, the state of the art in traffic safety practices, and CRFs. The relatively few CRFs obtained for driver education, licensing programs, and traffic enforcement measures were compared to those obtained for traffic engineering measures. Based on the analysis of all the information obtained only a limited number of quantitative CRFs exist for any of the driver education, licensing and enforcement measures in any of the states in the US. Published studies where the effects on reducing crashes for new measures with sound statistical evaluations using proper control groups appear to be almost non-existent in the US. CRFs for driver education, licensing programs, and enforcement measures based on the estimates by traffic safety experts were found for Switzerland in the VESIPO report and the cost/benefit ratios for some selected Swiss measures were found. It has to be noted that even the Swiss CRFs are based on partial estimates and have not been truly validated with before and after studies using actual data except for one blood alcohol content measure ("Reduction of BAC limit from 0.08% to 0.05%" with extensive advertising and strict enforcement). Since some of the CRFs found were from countries outside the US, such as Switzerland and Canada, and since the road transportation system of the US is fairly similar to Western Europe the strategies used for crash reduction will usually be applicable to Ohio. The range for the CRFs reported in the literature for driver education, driver licensing, testing and enforcement are summarized in the conclusion section of the report. The ranges for CRFs for driver education, licensing programs, and enforcement measures are less than 1% to 32%, 0%-17% and 2%-51% respectively. A prioritized implementation plan based on the highest CRFs reported has been proposed for driver education, licensing and enforcement.

Download or read book Alcohol and Public Policy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-02-01 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Detection of DWI at BACs Below 0 10 written by Jack Stuster and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The objective of the research described in this report has been to develop training materials to assist law enforcement officers in the accurate detection of motorists who are diving while impaired (DWI) at the 0.08 BAC level ..."--Technical report documentation page

Download or read book Deterrence of the Drinking Driver written by Hugh Laurence Ross and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handling the DWI Case in New York written by Peter Gerstenzang and published by West Group. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 1204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Confronting Drunk Driving written by H. Laurence Ross and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author of this book argues that drunk driving is more than just a criminal issue. He offers a practical approach to the problem of drunk driving, one that combines criminal deterence with other efforts to reduce the number of deaths caused by drivers under the influence of alcohol.