Download or read book Diccionario Manual Enciclop dico Ilustrado de la Lengua Castellana written by Saturnino Calleja y Fernandez and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Obras de Don I igo Lopez de Mendoza Marqu s de Santillana written by Íñigo López de Mendoza Santillana and published by . This book was released on 1832 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Economic Mobility and the Rise of the Latin American Middle Class written by Francisco H. G. Ferreira and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of stagnation, the size of Latin America's middle class recently expanded to the point where, for the first time ever, the number of people in poverty is equal to the size of the middle class. This volume investigates the nature, determinants and possible consequences of this remarkable process of social transformation. We propose an original definition of the middle class, tailor-made for Latin America, centered on the concept of economic security and thus a low probability of falling into poverty. Given our definition of the middle class, there are four, not three, classes in Latin America. Sandwiched between the poor and the middle class there lies a large group of people who appear to make ends meet well enough, but do not enjoy the economic security that would be required for membership of the middle class. We call this group the 'vulnerable'. In an almost mechanical sense, these transformations in Latin America reflect both economic growth and declining inequality in over the period. We adopt a measure of mobility that decomposes the 'gainers' and 'losers' in society by social class of each household. The continent has experienced a large amount of churning over the last 15 years, at least 43% of all Latin Americans changed social classes between the mid 1990s and the end of the 2000s. Despite the upward mobility trend, intergenerational mobility, a better proxy for inequality of opportunity, remains stagnant. Educational achievement and attainment remain to be strongly dependent upon parental education levels. Despite the recent growth in pro-poor programs, the middle class has benefited disproportionally from social security transfers and are increasingly opting out from government services. Central to the region's prospects of continued progress will be its ability to harness the new middle class into a new, more inclusive social contract, where the better-off pay their fair share of taxes, and demand improved public services.

Download or read book Multicultural Iberia written by Dru Dougherty and published by International and Area Studies University of California B El. This book was released on 1999 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Timetables of World Literature written by George Thomas Kurian and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Which authors were contemporaries of Charles Dickens? Which books, plays, and poems were published during World War II? Who won the Pulitzer Prize in the year you were born? Timetables of World Literature is a chronicle of literature from ancient times through the 20th century. It answers the question "Who wrote what when?" and allows readers to place authors and their works in the context of their times. A chronology of the best in global writing, this valuable resource lists more than 12,000 titles and 9,800 authors, includes all genres of literature from more than 58 countries, and covers 41 languages. It is divided into seven sections, spanning the Classical Age (to 100 CE), the Middle Ages (100–1500 CE), and the 16th through the 20th centuries. Comprehensive in scope, Timetables of World Literature provides students, researchers, and browsers with basic facts and a worldwide perspective on literature through time. Four extensive indexes by author, title, language/nationality, and genre make research quick and easy. Features include: Birth and death dates as well as nationalities of authors and other literary figures Winners of major literary prizes and awards, such as the Nobel Prize in Literature and the Pulitzer Prizes, for each year Brief discussions of literary developments in each period or century, and the relationship of literature to the social and political climate Timelines of key historical events in each century.

Download or read book Beyond Survival written by Truman G. Packard and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-06-20 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Beyond Survival' breaks new ground in the ongoing debate about health finance and financial protection from the costs of health care. The evidence and discussion support the need to consider financial protection, in addition to health status, as a policy objective when setting priorities for health systems. This book reviews the Latin American experience with health reform in the last 20 years and the fundamentals of health system financing, using new evidence to show the magnitude and mechanisms that determine the impoverishing effects of health events (diseases, accidents, and those of the life cycle). It provides options for policy makers on how to protect, and help household to protect themselves,against this impoverishment. The authors use empirical evidence from six case studies commissioned for this report, on Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Honduras, and Mexico. This book provides policy makers with a solid conceptual basis for decisions on the contents of mandatory health insurance benefit packages, choices of financing mechanisms, and the roles of public policy in this field. 'Beyond Survival' provides an in-depth analysis of, and organizational alternatives for, risk pooling and health insurance for financial protection. It analyzes the urgent need to extend risk pooling to the informal sector, the challenges for current social insurance arrangements, and options for policy makers to effectively extend risk pooling to the informal sector.

Download or read book Obras de Don I igoLopez de Mendoza marg es de Santillana written by Iñigo López de Mendoza Santillana (marqués de) and published by . This book was released on 1852 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spanish Central America written by Murdo J. MacLeod and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventeenth century has been characterized as "Latin America's forgotten century." This landmark work, originally published in 1973, attempted to fill the vacuum in knowledge by providing an account of the first great colonial cycle in Spanish Central America. The colonial Spanish society of the sixteenth century was very different from that described in the eighteenth century. What happened in the Latin American colonies between the first conquests, the seizure of long-accumulated Indian wealth, the first silver booms, and the period of modern raw material supply? How did Latin America move from one stage to the other? What were these intermediate economic stages, and what effect did they have on the peoples living in Latin America? These questions continue to resonate in Latin American studies today, making this updated edition of Murdo J. MacLeod's original work more relevant than ever. Colonial Central America was a large, populous, and always strategically significant stretch of land. With the Yucatán, it was home of the Maya, one of the great pre-Columbian cultures. MacLeod examines the long-term process it underwent of relative prosperity, depression, and then recovery, citing comparative sources on Europe to describe Central America's great economic, demographic, and social cycles. With an updated historiographical and bibliographical introduction, this fascinating study should appeal to historians, anthropologists, and all who are interested in the colonial experience of Latin America.

Download or read book Crisis and Decline written by Kenneth J. Andrien and published by . This book was released on 2008-08-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Developing Innovation Systems written by Mario Cimoli and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mexico provides a case study of a cornerstone economy in the development of the hemospheric free trade zone in the Americas, an adjusting economy which has been integrated into uneven economies (Canada and the US). This volume examines the Mexican economy and its attempt to develop an innovation system, providing an example of the dynamics that are of concern to evolutionary economists.

Download or read book Foundations of Intelligent Systems written by Ning Zhong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-10-22 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the papers selected for presentation at the 14th International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems, ISMIS 2003, held in Maebashi City, Japan, 28–31 October, 2003. The symposium was organized by the Maebashi Institute of Technology in co-operation with the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence. It was sponsored by the Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi Convention Bureau, Maebashi City Government, Gunma Prefecture Government, US AFOSR/AOARD, the Web Intelligence Consortium (Japan), Gunma Information Service Industry Association, and Ryomo Systems Co., Ltd. ISMIS is a conference series that was started in 1986 in Knoxville, Tennessee. Since then it has been held in Charlotte (North Carolina), Knoxville (Tennessee), Turin (Italy), Trondheim (Norway), Warsaw (Poland), Zakopane (Poland), and Lyon (France). The program committee selected the following major areas for ISMIS 2003: active media human-computer interaction, autonomic and evolutionary computation, intelligent agent technology, intelligent information retrieval, intelligent information systems, knowledge representation and integration, knowledge discovery and data mining, logic for artificial intelligence, soft computing, and Web intelligence.

Download or read book To the Other written by Adriaan Theodoor Peperzak and published by Purdue University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The best introduction available for students of one of the most important philosophers of this century."--"American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly." (Philosophy)

Download or read book The Expulsion of the Jews from Spain written by Haim Beinart and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2001-12-01 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beinart's detailed magnum opus focuses on the practicalities of the expulsion and its consequences, both for those expelled and those remaining behind. Analysis of hundreds of archival documents enables him to take history out of the realm of abstraction and give it concrete reality, and in so doing he also sheds much light on Jewish life in Spain before the expulsion.

Download or read book the Cuban Economy written by Archibald R.M. Ritter and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2004-05-09 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cuba faced an economic meltdown of catastrophic proportions in the early 1990s when covert subsidies from the former Soviet Union disappeared. Policies instituted by the island republic's government to handle the worst problems have had inconsistent results. Opening the economy to foreign enterprise has resulted in positive growth in tourism and nickel and cigar exports. However, remnants of the older economy, including the sugar and biotechnological industries, have only experienced a decrease in capital and importance. Basic educational and health services have been maintained surprisingly well, but the standard of living is still far below the highs of the 1980s. With contributions from many leading Cuba scholars, The Cuban Economy offers not only an analysis of the economy since 1990, but also a look towards future prospects.

Download or read book The Evolution of Converso Literature written by Gregory B. Kaplan and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses Converso poetry, and some prose, from the 1460s to 1499, focusing on works by Conversos who identified as Christians and were dismayed at being treated as inferiors by Old Christians. Deals mainly with works written in Castile. They express varied responses to the evolution of the persecution of Conversos, including apparent toleration in the early years of Queen Isabella's reign and the establishment of the Inquisition in 1480, as reflected in laments like those of Rodrigo Cota.

Download or read book A Network of Converso Families in Early Modern Toledo written by Linda Martz and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lives of Toledan Jewish families are traced from the time of the Inquisition through seventeenth-century Spain

Download or read book Porn Basket written by Johnny Ryan and published by Fantagraphics-Fu. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Johnny Ryan's hilariously profane sketchbook, as originally seen on Ryan's influential @outlawscumfudge collected.