Download or read book Numerical study of physico chemical interactions for CO2 sequestration and geothermal energy utilization in the Ordos Basin China written by Hejuan Liu and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2014-11-10 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, three simulators (i.e. TOUGH2MP, TOUGHREACT and FLAC3D) were used to simulate the complex physical and chemical interactions induced by CO2 sequestration. The simulations were done instages, ranging from the two phase (water and CO2) fluid flow (H2), through coupled hydro-mechanical effects (H2M) and geochemical responses (i.e. CO2-water-rock interactions (H2C)), to the extension of CCS to CCUS by the application of combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration technologies. The findings of this study are essential for a thorough understanding of the complex interactions in the multiphase, multicomponent porous media controlled by different physical and chemical mechanisms. Furthermore, the simulation results will provide an invaluable reference for field operations in CCS projects, especially for the full-integration pilot scale CCS project launched in the Ordos Basin. Subsequently, a preliminary site selection scheme for the combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration was set up, which considered various factorsinvolved in site selection, ranging from safety, economical, environmental and technical issues. This work provides an important framework for the combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration project. However, further numerical and field studies are still needed to improve on a series of criteria and related parameters necessary for a better understanding of the technology.

Download or read book Climate Change and Green Chemistry of CO2 Sequestration written by Malti Goel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book comprises state-of-the-art scientific reviews on carbon management strategies in response to climate change. It provides in-depth information on topics relating to recent advances in carbon capture technology and its reuse in value added products. It features contributions of leading scientists and technocrats on topics including climate change and carbon sequestration, lowering carbon footprint CO2 capture, low carbon imperatives in oil industry, CO2 as refrigerant in cold-chain application, carbonic anhydrase-mediated carbon sequestration and utilization, chemical looping combustion with Indian coal, CO2 conversion to chemicals, algae based biofuels, and carbon capture patent landscaping analysis. The contents of this book will be helpful for research scholars, post-graduate students, industry, agricultural scientists and policy makers/planners.

Download or read book Geological Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide written by Luigi Marini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-10-12 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contents of this monograph are two-scope. First, it intends to provide a synthetic but complete account of the thermodynamic and kinetic foundations on which the reaction path modeling of geological CO2 sequestration is based. In particular, a great effort is devoted to review the thermodynamic properties of CO2 and of the CO2-H2O system and the interactions in the aqueous solution, the thermodynamic stability of solid product phases (by means of several stability plots and activity plots), the volumes of carbonation reactions, and especially the kinetics of dissolution/precipitation reactions of silicates, oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates. Second, it intends to show the reader how reaction path modeling of geological CO2 sequestration is carried out. To this purpose the well-known high-quality EQ3/6 software package is used. Setting up of computer simulations and obtained results are described in detail and used EQ3/6 input files are given to guide the reader step-by-step from the beginning to the end of these exercises. Finally, some examples of reaction-path- and reaction-transport-modeling taken from the available literature are presented. The results of these simulations are of fundamental importance to evaluate the amounts of potentially sequestered CO2, and their evolution with time, as well as the time changes of all the other relevant geochemical parameters (e.g., amounts of solid reactants and products, composition of the aqueous phase, pH, redox potential, effects on aquifer porosity). In other words, in this way we are able to predict what occurs when CO2 is injected into a deep aquifer. * Provides applications for investigating and predicting geological carbon dioxide sequestration * Reviews the geochemical literature in the field * Discusses the importance of geochemists in the multidisciplinary study of geological carbon dioxide sequestration

Download or read book Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Carbon Dioxide Utilization and Storage in Enhanced Gas Recovery and Enhanced Geothermal Systems written by James H. Biagi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With rising concerns surrounding CO2 emissions from fossil fuel power plants, there has been a strong emphasis on the development of safe and economical Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technology. Two methods that show the most promise are Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR) and Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). In Enhanced Gas Recovery a depleted or depleting natural gas reservoir is re-energized with high pressure CO2 to increase the recovery factor of the gas. As an additional benefit following the extraction of natural gas, the reservoir would serve as a long-term storage vessel for the captured carbon. CO2 based Enhanced Geothermal Systems seek to increase the heat extracted from a given geothermal reservoir by using CO2 as a working fluid. Carbon sequestration is accomplished as a result of fluid losses throughout the life of the geothermal system. Although these technologies are encouraging approaches to help in the mitigation of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, the detailed mechanisms involved are not fully understood. There remain uncertainties in the efficiency of the systems over time, and the safety of the sequestered CO2 due to leakage. In addition, the efficiency of both natural gas extraction in EGR and heat extraction in EGS are highly dependent on the injection rate and injection pressure. Before large scale deployment of these technologies, it is important to maximize the extraction efficiency and sequestration capacity by optimizing the injection parameters. In this thesis, numerical simulations of subsurface flow in EGR and EGS are conducted using the DOE multiphase flow solver TOUGH2 (Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat). A previously developed multi-objective optimization code based on a genetic algorithm is modified for applications to EGR and EGS. For EGR study, a model problem based on a benchmark-study that compares various mathematical and numerical models for CO2 storage is considered. For EGS study a model problem based on previous studies (with parameters corresponding to the European EGS site at Soultz) is considered. The simulation results compare well with the computations of other investigators and give insight into the parameters that can influence the simulation accuracy. Optimizations for EGR and EGS problems are carried out with a genetic algorithm (GA) based optimizer combined with TOUGH2, designated as GA-TOUGH2. Validation of the optimizer was achieved by comparison of GA based optimization studies with the brute-force run of large number of simulations. Using GA-TOUGH2, optimal time-independent and time-dependent injection profiles were determined for both EGR and EGS. Optimization of EGR problem resulted in a larger natural gas production rate, a shorter total operation time, and an injection pressure well below the fracture pressure. Optimization of EGS problem resulted in a precise management of the production temperature profile, heat extraction for the entire well life, and more efficient utilization of CO2. The results of these studies will hopefully pave the way for future GA-TOUGH2 based optimization studies to improve the modeling of CCUS projects.

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of CO 1tn2 Sequestration in Geological Formations written by Andreas Bielinski and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding Geologic Carbon Sequestration and Gas Hydrate from Molecular Simulation written by Yongchen Song and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-15 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Geologic Carbon Sequestration and Gas Hydrate from Molecular Simulation systematically introduces CO2 geological sequestration and gas hydrate at the molecular-scale, with research including interfacial properties of multiphase, multicomponent systems, hydrogen bonding properties, adsorption characteristics of CO2CH4 in the pore, kinetic properties of decomposition/nucleation/growth of gas hydrate, the influence of additives on gas hydrate growth dynamics, and hydrate prevention and control technology. This book focuses on research-based achievements and provides a comprehensive look at global progress in the field. Because there are limited resources available on carbon geologic sequestration technology and gas hydrate technology at the molecular level, this book fills a gap in scientific literature and elucidates on further research.

Download or read book Geological Carbon Storage written by Stéphanie Vialle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological Carbon Storage Subsurface Seals and Caprock Integrity Seals and caprocks are an essential component of subsurface hydrogeological systems, guiding the movement and entrapment of hydrocarbon and other fluids. Geological Carbon Storage: Subsurface Seals and Caprock Integrity offers a survey of the wealth of recent scientific work on caprock integrity with a focus on the geological controls of permanent and safe carbon dioxide storage, and the commercial deployment of geological carbon storage. Volume highlights include: Low-permeability rock characterization from the pore scale to the core scale Flow and transport properties of low-permeability rocks Fundamentals of fracture generation, self-healing, and permeability Coupled geochemical, transport and geomechanical processes in caprock Analysis of caprock behavior from natural analogues Geochemical and geophysical monitoring techniques of caprock failure and integrity Potential environmental impacts of carbon dioxide migration on groundwater resources Carbon dioxide leakage mitigation and remediation techniques Geological Carbon Storage: Subsurface Seals and Caprock Integrity is an invaluable resource for geoscientists from academic and research institutions with interests in energy and environment-related problems, as well as professionals in the field. Book Review: William R. Green, Patrick Taylor, Sven Treitel, and Moritz Fliedner, (2020), "Reviews," The Leading Edge 39: 214–216 Geological Carbon Storage: Subsurface Seals and Caprock Integrity, edited by Stéphanie Vialle, Jonathan Ajo-Franklin, and J. William Carey, ISBN 978-1-119-11864-0, 2018, American Geophysical Union and Wiley, 364 p., US$199.95 (print), US$159.99 (eBook). This volume is a part of the AGU/Wiley Geophysical Monograph Series. The editors assembled an international team of earth scientists who present a comprehensive approach to the major problem of placing unwanted and/or hazardous fluids beneath a cap rock seal to be impounded. The compact and informative preface depicts the nature of cap rocks and the problems that may occur over time or with a change in the formation of the cap rock. I have excerpted a quote from the preface that describes the scope of the volume in a concise and thorough matter. “Caprocks can be defined as a rock that prevents the flow of a given fluid at certain temperature, pressure, and chemical conditions. ... A fundamental understanding of these units and of their evolution over time in the context of subsurface carbon storage is still lacking.” This volume describes the scope of current research being conducted on a global scale, with 31 of the 83 authors working outside of the United States. The studies vary but can be generalized as monitoring techniques for cap rock integrity and the consequence of the loss of that integrity. The preface ends by calling out important problems that remain to be answered. These include imaging cap rocks in situ, detecting subsurface leaks before they reach the surface, and remotely examining the state of the cap rock to avert any problems. Chapter 3 describes how newer methods are used to classify shale. These advanced techniques reveal previously unknown microscopic properties that complicate classification. This is an example of the more we know, the more we don't know. A sedimentologic study of the formation of shale (by far the major sedimentary rock and an important rock type) is described in Chapter 4. The authors use diagrammatic examples to illustrate how cap rocks may fail through imperfect seal between the drill and wall rock, capillary action, or a structural defect (fault). Also, the shale pore structures vary in size, and this affects the reservoir. There are descriptions of the pore structure in the Eagle Ford and Marcellus shales and several others. Pore structures are analyzed using state-of-the-art ultra-small-angle X-ray or neutron scattering. They determine that the overall porosity decreases nonlinearly with time. There are examples of cap rock performance under an array of diagnostic laboratory analyses and geologic field examples (e.g., Marcellus Formation). The importance of the sequestration of CO2 and other contaminants highlights the significance of this volume. The previous and following chapters illuminate the life history of the lithologic reservoir seal. I would like to call out Chapter 14 in which the authors illustrate the various mechanisms by which a seal can fail and Chapter 15 in which the authors address the general problems of the effect of CO2 sequestration on the environment. They establish a field test, consisting of a trailer and large tank of fluids with numerous monitoring instruments to replicate the effect of a controlled release of CO2-saturated water into a shallow aquifer. This chapter's extensive list of references will be of interest to petroleum engineers, rock mechanics, and environmentalists. The authors of this volume present a broad view of the underground storage of CO2. Nuclear waste and hydrocarbons are also considered for underground storage. There are laboratory, field, and in situ studies covering nearly all aspects of this problem. I cannot remember a study in which so many different earth science resources were applied to a single problem. The span of subjects varies from traditional geochemical analysis with the standard and latest methods in infrared and X-ray techniques, chemical and petroleum engineering, sedimentary mineralogy, hydrology, and geomechanical studies. This volume is essential to anyone working in this field as it brings several disciplines together to produce a comprehensive study of carbon sequestration. While the volume is well illustrated, there is a lack of color figures. Each chapter should have at least two color figures, or there should be several pages of color figures bound in the center of the volume. Many of the figures would be more meaningful if they had been rendered in color. Also, the acronyms are defined in the individual chapters, but it would be helpful to have a list of acronyms after the extensive index. I recommend this monograph to all earth scientists but especially petroleum engineers, structural geologists, mineralogists, and environmental scientists. Since these chapters cover a broad range of studies, it would be best if the reader has a broad background. — Patrick Taylor Davidsonville, Maryland

Download or read book Petrophysical Modeling and Simulation Study of Geological CO2 Sequestration written by Xianhui Kong and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have recently become the significant focus of engineering research. The geological sequestration of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) is one approach that has been proposed to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and slow down global warming. Geological sequestration involves the injection of produced CO2 into subsurface formations and trapping the gas through many geological mechanisms, such as structural trapping, capillary trapping, dissolution, and mineralization. While some progress in our understanding of fluid flow in porous media has been made, many petrophysical phenomena, such as multi-phase flow, capillarity, geochemical reactions, geomechanical effect, etc., that occur during geological CO2 sequestration remain inadequately studied and pose a challenge for continued study. It is critical to continue to research on these important issues. Numerical simulators are essential tools to develop a better understanding of the geologic characteristics of brine reservoirs and to build support for future CO2 storage projects. Modeling CO2 injection requires the implementation of multiphase flow model and an Equation of State (EOS) module to compute the dissolution of CO2 in brine and vice versa. In this study, we used the Integrated Parallel Accurate Reservoir Simulator (IPARS) developed at the Center for Subsurface Modeling at The University of Texas at Austin to model the injection process and storage of CO2 in saline aquifers. We developed and implemented new petrophysical models in IPARS, and applied these models to study the process of CO2 sequestration. The research presented in this dissertation is divided into three parts. The first part of the dissertation discusses petrophysical and computational models for the mechanical, geological, petrophysical phenomena occurring during CO2 injection and sequestration. The effectiveness of CO2 storage in saline aquifers is governed by the interplay of capillary, viscous, and buoyancy forces. Recent experimental data reveals the impact of pressure, temperature, and salinity on interfacial tension (IFT) between CO2 and brine. The dependence of CO2-brine relative permeability and capillary pressure on IFT is also clearly evident in published experimental results. Improved understanding of the mechanisms that control the migration and trapping of CO2 in the subsurface is crucial to design future storage projects for long-term, safe containment. We have developed numerical models for CO2 trapping and migration in aquifers, including a compositional flow model, a relative permeability model, a capillary model, an interfacial tension model, and others. The heterogeneities in porosity and permeability are also coupled to the petrophysical models. We have developed and implemented a general relative permeability model that combines the effects of pressure gradient, buoyancy, and capillary pressure in a compositional and parallel simulator. The significance of IFT variations on CO2 migration and trapping is assessed. The variation of residual saturation is modeled based on interfacial tension and trapping number, and a hysteretic trapping model is also presented. The second part of this dissertation is a model validation and sensitivity study using coreflood simulation data derived from laboratory study. The motivation of this study is to gain confidence in the results of the numerical simulator by validating the models and the numerical accuracies using laboratory and field pilot scale results. Published steady state, core-scale CO2/brine displacement results were selected as a reference basis for our numerical study. High-resolution compositional simulations of brine displacement with supercritical CO2 are presented using IPARS. A three-dimensional (3D) numerical model of the Berea sandstone core was constructed using heterogeneous permeability and porosity distributions based on geostatistical data. The measured capillary pressure curve was scaled using the Leverett J-function to include local heterogeneity in the sub-core scale. Simulation results indicate that accurate representation of capillary pressure at sub-core scales is critical. Water drying and the shift in relative permeability had a significant impact on the final CO2 distribution along the core. This study provided insights into the role of heterogeneity in the final CO2 distribution, where a slight variation in porosity gives rise to a large variation in the CO2 saturation distribution. The third part of this study is a simulation study using IPARS for Cranfield pilot CO2 sequestration field test, conducted by the Bureau of Economic Geology (BEG) at The University of Texas at Austin. In this CO2 sequestration project, a total of approximately 2.5 million tons supercritical CO2 was injected into a deep saline aquifer about ~10000 ft deep over 2 years, beginning December 1st 2009. In this chapter, we use the simulation capabilities of IPARS to numerically model the CO2 injection process in Cranfield. We conducted a corresponding history-matching study and got good agreement with field observation. Extensive sensitivity studies were also conducted for CO2 trapping, fluid phase behavior, relative permeability, wettability, gravity and buoyancy, and capillary effects on sequestration. Simulation results are consistent with the observed CO2 breakthrough time at the first observation well. Numerical results are also consistent with bottomhole injection flowing pressure for the first 350 days before the rate increase. The abnormal pressure response with rate increase on day 350 indicates possible geomechanical issues, which can be represented in simulation using an induced fracture near the injection well. The recorded injection well bottomhole pressure data were successfully matched after modeling the fracture in the simulation model. Results also illustrate the importance of using accurate trapping models to predict CO2 immobilization behavior. The impact of CO2/brine relative permeability curves and trapping model on bottom-hole injection pressure is also demonstrated.

Download or read book Numerical Study on Post combustion Technologies for CO2 Capture written by 刘方 and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by Broder J. Merkel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-30 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand hydrochemistry and to analyze natural as well as man-made impacts on aquatic systems, hydrogeochemical models have been used since the 1960’s and more frequently in recent times. Numerical groundwater flow, transport, and geochemical models are important tools besides classical deterministic and analytical approaches. Solving complex linear or non-linear systems of equations, commonly with hundreds of unknown parameters, is a routine task for a PC. Modeling hydrogeochemical processes requires a detailed and accurate water analysis, as well as thermodynamic and kinetic data as input. Thermodynamic data, such as complex formation constants and solubility-products, are often provided as databases within the respective programs. However, the description of surface-controlled reactions (sorption, cation exchange, surface complexation) and kinetically controlled reactions requires additional input data. Unlike groundwater flow and transport models, thermodynamic models, in principal, do not need any calibration. However, considering surface-controlled or kinetically controlled reaction models might be subject to calibration. Typical problems for the application of geochemical models are: • speciation • determination of saturation indices • adjustment of equilibria/disequilibria for minerals or gases • mixing of different waters • modeling the effects of temperature • stoichiometric reactions (e.g. titration) • reactions with solids, fluids, and gaseous phases (in open and closed systems) • sorption (cation exchange, surface complexation) • inverse modeling • kinetically controlled reactions • reactive transport Hydrogeochemical models depend on the quality of the chemical analysis, the boundary conditions presumed by the program, theoretical concepts (e.g.

Download or read book Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide CO2 written by J Gluyas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-11-23 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological storage and sequestration of carbon dioxide, in saline aquifers, depleted oil and gas fields or unminable coal seams, represents one of the most important processes for reducing humankind’s emissions of greenhouse gases. Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) reviews the techniques and wider implications of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS). Part one provides an overview of the fundamentals of the geological storage of CO2. Chapters discuss anthropogenic climate change and the role of CCS, the modelling of storage capacity, injectivity, migration and trapping of CO2, the monitoring of geological storage of CO2, and the role of pressure in CCS. Chapters in part two move on to explore the environmental, social and regulatory aspects of CCS including CO2 leakage from geological storage facilities, risk assessment of CO2 storage complexes and public engagement in projects, and the legal framework for CCS. Finally, part three focuses on a variety of different projects and includes case studies of offshore CO2 storage at Sleipner natural gas field beneath the North Sea, the CO2CRC Otway Project in Australia, on-shore CO2 storage at the Ketzin pilot site in Germany, and the K12-B CO2 injection project in the Netherlands. Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a comprehensive resource for geoscientists and geotechnical engineers and academics and researches interested in the field. Reviews the techniques and wider implications of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) An overview of the fundamentals of the geological storage of CO2 discussing the modelling of storage capacity, injectivity, migration and trapping of CO2 among other subjects Explores the environmental, social and regulatory aspects of CCS including CO2 leakage from geological storage facilities, risk assessment of CO2 storage complexes and the legal framework for CCS

Download or read book World Energy Outlook 2015 written by International Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2015-11-25 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The precipitous fall in oil prices, continued geopolitical instability and the ongoing global climate negotiations are witness to the dynamic nature of energy markets. In a time of so much uncertainty, understanding the implications of the shifting energy landscape for economic and environmental goals and for energy security is vital. The World Energy Outlook 2015 (WEO-2015) will present updated projections for the evolution of the global energy system to 2040, based on the latest data and market developments, as well as detailed insights on the prospects for fossil fuels, renewables, the power sector and energy efficiency and analysis on trends in CO2 emissions and fossil-fuel and renewable energy subsidies.

Download or read book China s Energy Revolution in the Context of the Global Energy Transition written by Shell International B.V. and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is an encyclopaedic analysis of the current and future energy system of the world’s most populous country and second biggest economy. What happens in China impacts the planet. In the past 40 years China has achieved one of the most remarkable economic growth rates in history. Its GDP has risen by a factor of 65, enabling 850,000 people to rise out of poverty. Growth on this scale comes with consequences. China is the world’s biggest consumer of primary energy and the world’s biggest emitter of CO2 emissions. Creating a prosperous and harmonious society that delivers economic growth and a high quality of life for all will require radical change in the energy sector, and a rewiring of the economy more widely. In China’s Energy Revolution in the Context of the Global Energy Transition, a team of researchers from the Development Research Center of the State Council of China and Shell International examine how China can revolutionise its supply and use of energy. They examine the entire energy system: coal, oil, gas, nuclear, renewables and new energies in production, conversion, distribution and consumption. They compare China with case studies and lessons learned in other countries. They ask which technology, policy and market mechanisms are required to support the change and they explore how international cooperation can smooth the way to an energy revolution in China and across the world. And, they create and compare scenarios on possible pathways to a future energy system that is low-carbon, affordable, secure and reliable.

Download or read book Physics of Solar Energy written by C. Julian Chen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-15 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PHYSICS OF Solar Energy Science/Physics/Energy The definitive guide to the science of solar energy You hold in your hands the first, and only, truly comprehensive guide to the most abundant and most promising source of alternative energy—solar power. In recent years, all major countries in the world have been calling for an energy revolution. The renewable energy industry will drive a vigorous expansion of the global economy and create more “green” jobs. The use of fossil fuels to power our way of living is moving toward an inevitable end, with sources of coal, petroleum, and natural gas being fiercely depleted. Solar energy offers a ubiquitous, inexhaustible, clean, and highly efficient way of meeting the energy needs of the twenty-first century. This book is designed to give the reader a solid footing in the general and basic physics of solar energy, which will be the basis of research and development in new solar engineering technologies in the years to come. As solar technologies like solar cells, solar thermal power generators, solar water heaters, solar photochemistry applications, and solar space heating-cooling systems become more and more prominent, it has become essential that the next generation of energy experts—both in academia and industry—have a one-stop resource for learning the basics behind the science, applications, and technologies afforded by solar energy. This book fills that need by laying the groundwork for the projected rapid expansion of future solar projects.

Download or read book Groundwater around the World written by Jean Margat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a unique and up-to-date summary of what is known about groundwater on our planet, from a global perspective and in terms of area-specific factual information. Unlike most textbooks on groundwater, it does not deal with theoretical principles, but rather with the overall picture that emerges as a result of countless observations,

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2019 written by Jia'en Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 3rd International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference (IPPTC 2019). The work focuses on petroleum & petrochemical technologies and practical challenges in the field. It creates a platform to bridge the knowledge gap between China and the world. The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience but also promotes the development of scientific research in petroleum & petrochemical technologies. The book will benefit a broad readership, including industry experts, researchers, educators, senior engineers and managers.

Download or read book Extreme Weather Events and Human Health written by Rais Akhtar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book assesses the impacts of various extreme weather events on human health and development from a global perspective, and includes several case studies in various geographical regions around the globe. Covering all continents, it describes the impact of extreme weather conditions such as flash floods, heatwaves, cold waves, droughts, forest fires, strong winds and storms in both developing and developed countries. The contributing authors also investigate the spread of diseases and the risk to food security caused by drought and flooding. Further, the book discusses the economic damage resulting from natural disasters including hurricanes. It has been estimated that in 2017 natural disasters and climate change resulted in economic losses of 309 billion US dollars. Scientists also predict that if nothing is done to curb the effects of climate change, in Europe the death toll due to weather disasters could rise 50-fold by the end of the 21st century, with extreme heat alone causing more than 150,000 deaths a year, as the report on global warming of 1.5°C warns that China, Russia and Canada’s current climate policies would steer the world above a catastrophic 5°C of warming by the end of 2100. As such, the book highlights how the wellbeing of different populations is threatened by extreme events now and in the foreseeable future.