Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Canopy Flows written by Günter Groß and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting with the description of meteorological variables in forest canopies and its parameter variations, a numerical three-dimentional model is developed. Its applicability is demonstrated, first, by wind sheltering effects of hedges and, second, by the effects of deforestation on local climate in complex terrain. Scientists in ecology, agricultural botany and meteorology, but also urban and regional lanners will profit from this study finding the most effective solution for their specific problems.
Download or read book The Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by J. R. Garratt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-04-21 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.
Download or read book Atmospheric Processes over Complex Terrain written by William Blumen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of the American Meteorological Society are "the development and dissemination of knowledge of meteorology in all its phases and applications, and the advancement of its professional ideals." The organization of the Society took place in affiliation with the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Saint Louis, Missouri, December 29, 1919, and its incorporation, at Washington, D. C., January 21, 1920. The work of the Society is carried on by the Bulletin, the Journal, and Meteorological Monographs, by papers and discussions at meetings of the Society, through the offices of the Secretary and the Executive Secretary, and by correspondence. All of the Americas are represented in the membership of the Society as well as many foreign countries.
Download or read book Mountain Weather Research and Forecasting written by Fotini K. Chow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with a broad understanding of the fundamental principles driving atmospheric flow over complex terrain and provides historical context for recent developments and future direction for researchers and forecasters. The topics in this book are expanded from those presented at the Mountain Weather Workshop, which took place in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada, August 5-8, 2008. The inspiration for the workshop came from the American Meteorological Society (AMS) Mountain Meteorology Committee and was designed to bridge the gap between the research and forecasting communities by providing a forum for extended discussion and joint education. For academic researchers, this book provides some insight into issues important to the forecasting community. For the forecasting community, this book provides training on fundamentals of atmospheric processes over mountainous regions, which are notoriously difficult to predict. The book also helps to provide a better understanding of current research and forecast challenges, including the latest contributions and advancements to the field. The book begins with an overview of mountain weather and forecasting chal- lenges specific to complex terrain, followed by chapters that focus on diurnal mountain/valley flows that develop under calm conditions and dynamically-driven winds under strong forcing. The focus then shifts to other phenomena specific to mountain regions: Alpine foehn, boundary layer and air quality issues, orographic precipitation processes, and microphysics parameterizations. Having covered the major physical processes, the book shifts to observation and modelling techniques used in mountain regions, including model configuration and parameterizations such as turbulence, and model applications in operational forecasting. The book concludes with a discussion of the current state of research and forecasting in complex terrain, including a vision of how to bridge the gap in the future.
Download or read book European Wind Atlas written by Ib Troen and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beskriver resultatet af et europæisk samarbejde inden for EU vedr. vindenergiens udnyttelse ved at beskrive vindressourcen og de forskellige terraintypers indflydelse herpå.
Download or read book Modelling of Atmospheric Flow Fields written by Demetri P. Lalas and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Turbulence in the Atmosphere written by John C. Wyngaard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-28 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on his over forty years of research and teaching, John C. Wyngaard's textbook is an excellent up-to-date introduction to turbulence in the atmosphere and in engineering flows for advanced students, and a reference work for researchers in the atmospheric sciences. Part I introduces the concepts and equations of turbulence. It includes a rigorous introduction to the principal types of numerical modeling of turbulent flows. Part II describes turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer. Part III covers the foundations of the statistical representation of turbulence and includes illustrative examples of stochastic problems that can be solved analytically. The book treats atmospheric and engineering turbulence in a unified way, gives clear explanation of the fundamental concepts of modeling turbulence, and has an up-to-date treatment of turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer. Student exercises are included at the ends of chapters, and worked solutions are available online for use by course instructors.
Download or read book Modelling Of Atmospheric Flow Fields written by Demetri P Lalas and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996-01-11 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of lectures given at the two colloquia on atmospheric flows over complex terrain with applications to wind energy and air pollution, organized and sponsored by ICTP in Trieste, Italy. The colloquia were the result of the recognition of the importance of renewable energy sources, an important aspect which grows yearly as the environmental problems become more pronounced and their effects more direct and intense, while at the same time, the wise management of the Earth's evidently limited resources becomes imperative.It is divided into two main parts. The first, which comprises Chaps. 1 to 4, presents the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer with emphasis in the region adjacent to the ground. The second, Chaps. 5 to 10, discusses methods for the numerical computation of the wind field on an arbitrary terrain. The unique feature of this book is that it does not stop at the theoretical exposition of the analytical and numerical techniques but includes a number of codes, in a diskette, where the mechanisms and techniques presented in the main part are implemented and can be run by the reader. Some of the codes are of instructional value while others can be utilized for simple operational work.Some of the lecturers are: D N Asimakopoulos, C I Aspliden, V R Barros, A K Blackadar, G A Dalu, A de Baas, D Etling, G Furlan, D P Lalas, P J Mason, C F Ratto and F B Smith.
Download or read book Atmospheric Boundary Layers written by Alexander Baklanov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-30 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents peer-reviewed papers from the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Atmospheric Boundary Layers held in April 2006. The papers are divided into thematic sessions: nature and theory of turbulent boundary layers; boundary-layer flows: modeling and applications to environmental security; nature, theory and modeling of boundary-layer flows; air flows within and above urban and other complex canopies: air-sea-ice interaction.
Download or read book Buildings and Structures under Extreme Loads written by Chiara Bedon and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exceptional loads on buildings and structures may have different causes, including high-strain dynamic effects due to natural hazards, man-made attacks, and accidents, as well as extreme operational conditions (severe temperature variations, humidity, etc.). All of these aspects can be critical for specific structural typologies and/or materials that are particularly sensitive to external conditions. In this regard, dedicated and refined methods are required for their design, analysis, and maintenance under the expected lifetime. There are major challenges related to the structural typology and material properties with respect to the key features of the imposed design load. Further issues can be derived from the need for risk mitigation or retrofit of existing structures as well as from the optimal and safe design of innovative materials/systems. Finally, in some cases, no appropriate design recommendations are available and, thus, experimental investigations can have a key role within the overall process. In this Special Issue, original research studies, review papers, and experimental and/or numerical investigations are presented for the structural performance assessment of buildings and structures under various extreme conditions that are of interest for design.
Download or read book An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology written by Roland B. Stull and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1988-07-31 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the excitement in boundary-layer meteorology is the challenge associated with turbulent flow - one of the unsolved problems in classical physics. An additional attraction of the filed is the rich diversity of topics and research methods that are collected under the umbrella-term of boundary-layer meteorology. The flavor of the challenges and the excitement associated with the study of the atmospheric boundary layer are captured in this textbook. Fundamental concepts and mathematics are presented prior to their use, physical interpretations of the terms in equations are given, sample data are shown, examples are solved, and exercises are included. The work should also be considered as a major reference and as a review of the literature, since it includes tables of parameterizatlons, procedures, filed experiments, useful constants, and graphs of various phenomena under a variety of conditions. It is assumed that the work will be used at the beginning graduate level for students with an undergraduate background in meteorology, but the author envisions, and has catered for, a heterogeneity in the background and experience of his readers.
Download or read book Program Report written by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Atmospheric and Geophysical Sciences Division and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied mechanics reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics written by Joel H. Ferziger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a guide to numerical methods for solving fluid dynamics problems. The most widely used discretization and solution methods, which are also found in most commercial CFD-programs, are described in detail. Some advanced topics, like moving grids, simulation of turbulence, computation of free-surface flows, multigrid methods and parallel computing, are also covered. Since CFD is a very broad field, we provide fundamental methods and ideas, with some illustrative examples, upon which more advanced techniques are built. Numerical accuracy and estimation of errors are important aspects and are discussed in many examples. Computer codes that include many of the methods described in the book can be obtained online. This 4th edition includes major revision of all chapters; some new methods are described and references to more recent publications with new approaches are included. Former Chapter 7 on solution of the Navier-Stokes equations has been split into two Chapters to allow for a more detailed description of several variants of the Fractional Step Method and a comparison with SIMPLE-like approaches. In Chapters 7 to 13, most examples have been replaced or recomputed, and hints regarding practical applications are made. Several new sections have been added, to cover, e.g., immersed-boundary methods, overset grids methods, fluid-structure interaction and conjugate heat transfer.
Download or read book Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling written by Roger A. Pielke and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To effectively utilize mesoscale dynamical simulations of the atmosphere, it is necessary to have an understanding the basic physical and mathematical foundations of the models and to have an appreciation of how a particular atmospheric system works. Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling provides such an overview of mesoscale numerical modeling. Starting with fundamental concepts, this text can be used to evaluate the scientific basis of any simulation model that has been or will be developed. Basic material is provided for the beginner as well as more in-depth treatment for the specialist. This text is useful to both the practitioner and the researcher of the mesoscale phenomena.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics Two Volume Set written by Harindra Joseph Fernando and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-11 with total page 1197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With major implications for applied physics, engineering, and the natural and social sciences, the rapidly growing area of environmental fluid dynamics focuses on the interactions of human activities, environment, and fluid motion. A landmark for the field, this two-volume handbook presents the basic principles, fundamental flow processes, modeling techniques, and measurement methods used in the field, along with critical discussions of environmental sustainability related to engineering aspects. The first volume provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals, and the second volume explores the interactions between engineered structures and natural flows.
