Download or read book Forest Condition in a Changing Environment written by Eino Mälkönen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The threats posed by air pollution and climate change have resulted in considerable public debate about forest condition and growth during the past two decades. Despite the massive input ofresearch resources, no clear answers have been found to these global questions. Although there have been substantial advances in our knowledge of the effects of air pollutants on the forests, many of the questions associated with forest condition are still open. Monitoring of forest condition at the national level started in Finland in 1985 in accordance with the methodology drawn up by the International Co-operative Programme on Assessments and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests, UN/ECE). Since then, research into forest condition and vitality has been one of the key areas in the research carried out by the Finnish Forest Research Institute. Three basic questions formed the starting point for the multidisciplinary, Forest Condition Research Programme: What changes are taking place in our forests? Why does forest condition vary, and why do trees appear to be suffering? How can forest condition be maintained through appropriate forest management? This report covers forest condition and changes in environmental factors on the of the latest findings, publications and expertise of researchers participated in basis the Forest Condition Research Programme. In addition to researchers from the Finnish Forest Research Institute, a large number of scientists from domestic and foreign universities and research institutes also made a considerable contribution to the research programme.
Download or read book Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in European Forest Ecosystems written by Ernst-Detlef Schulze and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume quantifies carbon storage in managed forest ecosystems not only in biomass, but also in all soil compartments. It investigates the interaction between the carbon and nitrogen cycles by working along a north-south transect through Europe that starts in northern Sweden, passes through a N-deposition maximum in central Europe and ends in Italy. For the first time biogeochemical processes are linked to biodiversity on a large geographic scale and with special focus on soil organisms. The accompanying CD-ROM provides a complete database of all flux, storage and species observations for modellers.
Download or read book Biological Activity and Microorganisms in Forest Soil as Indicators of Environmental Changes written by Rauni Ohtonen and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physical and Physiological Forest Ecology written by Pertti Hari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-24 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces a holistic synthesis of carbon and nitrogen fluxes in forest ecosystems from cell to stand level during the lifetime of trees. Establishing that metabolism and physical phenomena give rise to concentration, pressure and temperature differences that generate the material and energy fluxes between living organisms and their environment. The editors and authors utilize physiological, physical and anatomical background information to formulate theoretical ideas dealing with the effects of the environment and the state of enzymes, membrane pumps and pigments on metabolism. The emergent properties play an important role in the transitions from detailed to more aggregate levels in the ecosystem. Conservation of mass and energy allow the construction of dynamic models of carbon and nitrogen fluxes and pools at various levels in the hierarchy of forest ecosystems.
Download or read book Nitrification in Two Fertilized Pine Forest Soils written by Pertti Martikainen and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Microbiology written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Loads for Sulphur and Nitrogen written by Jan Nilsson and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 1988-07-01 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Miljørapport 1988:15
Download or read book The Impact of Nitrogen Deposition on Natural and Semi Natural Ecosystems written by S.J. Langan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date synthesis of the understanding of the interaction between the emission of nitrogen, its deposition and impact on the most important components of natural and semi-natural ecosystems. The work consists of contributions from internationally renowned research scientists. Individual chapters deal with the factors and processes related to nitrogen deposition and soils, non-forest vegetation communities, forest ecosystems, and surface waters. The assessment of these impacts is discussed in terms of setting critical loads. The book is aimed at researchers, advanced course students and policy makers/advisors involved with aspects of the impact of air pollution.
Download or read book Forest Fertilization written by Henry Nixon Chappell and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes written by A. Teller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book arises out of a symposium on forest and woodland terrestrial ecosystems which was held in Florence on 20-24th May 1991. It was organised jointly by the Commission of the European Communities (CEC) and the European Science Foundation (ESF) in association with the Italian Research Council (CNR). The symposium brQughUogether most -Of the internationally recognized groups working on forest ecosystems including biologists, botanists, ecologists, soil scientists, modellers, foresters and policy makers. All the CEC countries were represented. In addition, there was a broad audience from Eastern and Central Europe and from EFfA countries. Outstanding experts from outside Europe (US, Australia, Canada, Japan, China, etc.) were also present. In total, the symposium was attended by more than 500 participants. The structure of this book reflects the main elements of the meeting. As such it includes three main sections. The first consists of six major state-of-the-art reviews corresponding to the six plenary sessions, each followed by a discussion which has been summarized by rapporteurs. The reviews were prepared to assess critically the state of current knowledge in ecosystem research and to provide a scientific basis both for policy decisions and for further research.
Download or read book Fertilizer Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acid Precipitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology written by George W. Ware and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global attention in scientific, industrial, and governmental communities to traces of toxic chemicals in foodstuffs and in both abiotic and biotic environ ments has justified the present triumvirate of specialized publications in this field: comprehensive reviews, rapidly published progress reports, and archival documentations. These three publications are integrated and scheduled to pro vide in international communication the coherency essential for nonduplicative and current progress in a field as dynamic and complex as environmental con tamination and toxicology. Until now there has been no journal or other publica tion series reserved exclusively for the diversified literature on "toxic" chemicals in our foods, our feeds, our geographical surroundings, our domestic animals, our wildlife, and ourselves. Around the world immense efforts and many talents have been mobilized to technical and other evaluations of natures, locales, magnitudes, fates, and toxicology of the persisting residues of these chemicals loosed upon the world. Among the sequelae of this broad new emphasis has been an inescapable need for an articulated set of authoritative publications where one could expect to find the latest important world literature produced by this emerging area of science together with documentation of pertinent ancil lary legislation.
Download or read book The European Nitrogen Assessment written by Mark A. Sutton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-14 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the first continental-scale assessment of reactive nitrogen in the environment, this book sets the related environmental problems in context by providing a multidisciplinary introduction to the nitrogen cycle processes. Issues of upscaling from farm plot and city to national and continental scales are addressed in detail with emphasis on opportunities for better management at local to global levels. The five key societal threats posed by reactive nitrogen are assessed, providing a framework for joined-up management of the nitrogen cycle in Europe, including the first cost-benefit analysis for different reactive nitrogen forms and future scenarios. Incorporating comprehensive maps, a handy technical synopsis and a summary for policy makers, this landmark volume is an essential reference for academic researchers across a wide range of disciplines, as well as stakeholders and policy makers. It is also a valuable tool in communicating the key environmental issues and future challenges to the wider public.
Download or read book Optimizing Nitrogen Management in Food and Energy Production and Environmental Protection written by J. Galloway and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 1050 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of food and energy interfere with the natural nitrogen cycle of the earth. Many of these changes are beneficial, while others are detrimental to societies and the environment. The changing nature of nitrogen in the global environment crosses scientific disciplines, geographical boundaries and political divisions and challenges the creative minds of natural and social scientists, economists, engineers, business leaders and planners. The papers in this book give readers a panoramic view of the changing nature of reactive nitrogen in the global environment, enabling them to make better choices about nitrogen management in food production and consumption, energy production and use, and environmental protection.
Download or read book Soils in Urban Ecosystem written by Amitava Rakshit and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-13 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of latest work in the field of urban soil management. It explores the global status of urban soils and puts forwards methods for sustainable utilization of urban soils and green spaces.Urban soil study is a new frontier of soil science. Urban soils research is challenging due to complexity of classification, spatial-temporal variability, exposure to pollution and the predominant effect of the anthropogenic factor on soil formation. Management of urban soils and green spaces is an important aspect for developing sustainable spaces. This is a comprehensive collection of information for the students, researchers, landscape architects understanding and maximizing the benefits of soils in urban ecosystems.
