Download or read book The Future of North American Trade Policy written by Kevin P. Gallagher and published by . This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NAFTA to USMCA What is Gained written by Mary E. Burfisher and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States – Mexico – Canada Agreement (USMCA) was signed on November 30, 2018 and aims to replace and modernize the North-American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This paper uses a global, multisector, computable-general-equilibrium model to provide an analytical assessment of five key provisions in the new agreement, including tighter rules of origin in the automotive, textiles and apparel sectors, more liberalized agricultural trade, and other trade facilitation measures. The results show that together these provisions would adversely affect trade in the automotive, textiles and apparel sectors, while generating modest aggregate gains in terms of welfare, mostly driven by improved goods market access, with a negligible effect on real GDP. The welfare benefits from USMCA would be greatly enhanced with the elimination of U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum imports from Canada and Mexico and the elimination of the Canadian and Mexican import surtaxes imposed after the U.S. tariffs were put in place.
Download or read book Regulatory Cooperation Chapters in the new Generation FTAS written by Kornilia Pipidi-Kalogirou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The North American Free Trade Agreement NAFTA written by M. Villarreal and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) entered into force on January 1, 1994. The agreement was signed by President George H. W. Bush on December 17, 1992, and approved by Congress on November 20, 1993. The NAFTA Implementation Act was signed into law by President William J. Clinton on December 8, 1993 (P.L. 103-182). The overall economic impact of NAFTA is difficult to measure since trade and investment trends are influenced by numerous other economic variables, such as economic growth, inflation, and currency fluctuations. The agreement likely accelerated and also locked in trade liberalization that was already taking place in Mexico, but many of these changes may have taken place without an agreement. Nevertheless, NAFTA is significant, because it was the most comprehensive free trade agreement (FTA) negotiated at the time and contained several groundbreaking provisions. A legacy of the agreement is that it has served as a template or model for the new generation of FTAs that the United States later negotiated, and it also served as a template for certain provisions in multilateral trade negotiations as part of the Uruguay Round. The 115th Congress faces numerous issues related to NAFTA and international trade. President Donald J. Trump has proposed renegotiating NAFTA, or possibly withdrawing from it. Congress may wish to consider the ramifications of renegotiating or withdrawing from NAFTA and how it may affect the U.S. economy and foreign relations with Mexico and Canada. It may also wish to examine the congressional role in a possible renegotiation, as well as the negotiating positions of Canada and Mexico. Mexico has stated that, if NAFTA is reopened, it may seek to broaden negotiations to include security, counter-narcotics, and transmigration issues. Mexico has also indicated that it may choose to withdraw from the agreement if the negotiations are not favorable to the country. Congress may also wish to address issues related to the U.S. withdrawal from the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) free trade agreement among the United States, Canada, Mexico, and 9 other countries. Some observers contend that the withdrawal from TPP could damage U.S. competitiveness and economic leadership in the region, while others see the withdrawal as a way to prevent lower cost imports and potential job losses. Key provisions in TPP may also be addressed in 'modernizing' or renegotiating NAFTA, a more than two decade-old FTA. NAFTA was controversial when first proposed, mostly because it was the first FTA involving two wealthy, developed countries and a developing country. The political debate surrounding the agreement was divisive with proponents arguing that the agreement would help generate thousands of jobs and reduce income disparity in the region, while opponents warned that the agreement would cause huge job losses in the United States as companies moved production to Mexico to lower costs. In reality, NAFTA did not cause the huge job losses feared by the critics or the large economic gains predicted by supporters. The net overall effect of NAFTA on the U.S. economy appears to have been relatively modest, primarily because trade with Canada and Mexico accounts for a small percentage of U.S. GDP. However, there were worker and firm adjustment costs as the three countries adjusted to more open trade and investment. The rising number of bilateral and regional trade agreements throughout the world and the rising presence of China in Latin America could have implications for U.S. trade policy with its NAFTA partners. Some proponents of open and rules-based trade contend that maintaining NAFTA or deepening economic relations with Canada and Mexico will help promote a common trade agenda with shared values and generate economic growth. Some opponents argue that the agreement has caused worker displacement.
Download or read book The WTO and the New Generation EU FTA Dispute Settlement Mechanisms written by Cornelia Furculiță and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores interactions between the new generation EU FTA and the WTO dispute settlement mechanisms, adopting an innovative, comprehensive approach. It investigates how the mechanisms potentially could and actually do compete, conflict, and cooperate, focusing not only on the potential negative consequences of fragmentation, but also on how synergies could be enhanced. Thus, unlike the existing literature, which chiefly focuses on conflicting interactions, it considers positive and negative interactions alike. Moreover, the book explores the topic in light of the most recent changes in and challenges to the international trade law regime. Particular attention is paid to how the multilateral and bilateral mechanisms studied interact with regard to the current WTO dispute settlement crisis and the EU-backed multi-party interim appeal arbitration arrangement. Thus, the book provides up-to-date answers to compelling questions. It also examines in detail the new generation EU FTA dispute settlement mechanisms, an aspect which has not been the subject of thorough research to date.The book pursues an interdisciplinary approach, combining legal methodology, international relations and political science theories with interviews. Given its scope, the book will appeal to researchers and scholars whose work involves international trade law issues. However, it will also be of interest to general international law academics, as it touches upon such issues as fragmentation, forum shopping, and general rules of interpretation. Furthermore, by analysing and presenting proposals with regard to the new generation EU FTAs, it will also be pertinent to the work of EU policymakers and researchers studying EU trade law.
Download or read book The Quality of Growth in Africa written by Akbar Noman and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, concerns about the outcomes and nature of economic growth have given way to a new emphasis on its quality. This volume brings together prominent international contributors to consider a range of interrelated questions concerning the quality of growth in Africa, with a primary focus on sub-Saharan countries. Contributors discuss the measurement of growth, the transformations necessary to sustain it, and issues around equity and well-being. They consider topics such as the distribution of income gains from growth; the extent to which economic growth has resulted in improvements in employment, poverty, and security; structural transformations of the economy and diversification of the sources of growth; environmental sustainability; and management of urbanization. Offering both diagnoses and prescriptions, The Quality of Growth in Africa helps envision a future that goes beyond increasing GDP to ensuring that growth translates into advancements in well-being. Although the book focuses on sub-Saharan Africa, much of the contributors’ incisive analysis has implications for countries outside the region.
Download or read book NAFTA Revisited written by Gary Clyde Hufbauer and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 2005 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Potential Impact on the U S Economy and Selected Industries of the North American Free Trade Agreement written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995-10 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines (1) the overall economic effects of the NAFTA on the economies of the U.S., Mexico, and Canada; (2) the key NAFTA provisions and related legal changes that may affect individual sectors; and (3) the short- and long-term impact of NAFTA on important industrial, energy, agricultural, and service sectors of the U.S. economy. Also summarizes recent economic developments in Mexico. Tables and figures.
Download or read book NAFTA and Climate Change written by Meera Fickling and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NAFTA remains a centerpiece of US trade-policy debate, but its provisions have sacrificed environmental concerns for the sake of trade liberalization. This timely volume analyzes the national policies of the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The authors explain how the competing priorities of province, state, or government agendas can slow coordination measures to curtail emissions throughout North America. But, North American cooperation could serve as a model for how developed and developing countries can mutually benefit from an international climate change agreement. Emission reduction is now inextricably linked with trade and finance measures in this post-Kyoto era. The authors argue that the three NAFTA partners can work together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while mitigating concerns about trade competitiveness. NAFTA and Climate Change provides a critical assessment of how NAFTA initiatives will contribute to the achievement of important climate-change goals at both regional and global levels. This thorough investigation advances potential solutions, and ideas to develop practical channels for transferring technical and financial assistance from developed to developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and further economic development.
Download or read book The New Economic Diplomacy written by Dr Stephen Woolcock and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-04-28 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third, fully updated edition of The New Economic Diplomacy explains how states conduct their external economic relations in the 21st century: how they make decisions domestically; how they negotiate internationally; and how these processes interact. It documents the transformation of economic diplomacy in the 1990s and 2000s in response to the end of the Cold War, the advance of globalization and the growing influence of non-state actors such as private business and civil society.
Download or read book Rules of origin in FTAs in Europe and in the Americas issues and implications for the EU Mercosur Inter Regional Association Agreement Working Paper ITD Documento de Trabajo ITD 15 written by Antoni Estevadeordal and published by BID-INTAL. This book was released on 2004 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book North American Free Trade Agreements written by James R. Holbein and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In one complete, easy-to-use source, you will receive coverage of the rapidly changing rules governing trade in North America, making it easy for you to locate the information you need to be in compliance with any North American Free Trade Agreement...and to take advantage of the allowances. These looseleaf volumes provide comprehensive information on all new trading agreements and explain, among other topics, what NAFTA covers and how its decisions are rendered; how the new free trade agreements are being negotiated and what the policy positions are; and what government officials and practitioners are saying about these arguments.
Download or read book Lessons from NAFTA written by Luis Serven and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004-11-15 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzing the experience of Mexico under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), 'Lessons from NAFTA' aims to provide guidance to Latin American and Caribbean countries considering free trade agreements with the United States. The authors conclude that the treaty raised external trade and foreign investment inflows and had a modest effect on Mexico's average income per person. It is likely that the treaty also helped achieve a modest reduction in poverty and an improvement in job quality. This book will be of interest to scholars and policymakers interested in international trade and development.
Download or read book Failure to Adjust written by Edward Alden and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Updated edition with a new foreword on the Trump administration's trade policy* The vast benefits promised by the supporters of globalization, and by their own government, have never materialized for many Americans. In Failure to Adjust Edward Alden provides a compelling history of the last four decades of US economic and trade policies that have left too many Americans unable to adapt to or compete in the current global marketplace. He tells the story of what went wrong and how to correct the course. Originally published on the eve of the 2016 presidential election, Alden’s book captured the zeitgeist that would propel Donald J. Trump to the presidency. In a new introduction to the paperback edition, Alden addresses the economic challenges now facing the Trump administration, and warns that economic disruption will continue to be among the most pressing issues facing the United States. If the failure to adjust continues, Alden predicts, the political disruptions of the future will be larger still.
Download or read book Microbial Food Safety written by Charlene Wolf-Hall and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-03-17 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This interdisciplinary textbook provides the reader with vital information and comprehensive coverage of foodborne microbial pathogens of potential risk to human consumers. It includes human pathogens and toxins originating from plants, fungi and animal products and considers their origin, risk, prevention and control. From the perspectives of microorganisms and humans, the authors incorporate concepts from the social and economic sciences as well as microbiology, providing synergies to learn about complex food systems as a whole, and each stage that can present an opportunity to reduce risk of microbial contamination. Microbial Food Safety: A Food Systems Approach explains concepts through a food supply network model to show the interactions between how humans move food through the global food system and the impacts on microorganisms and risk levels of microbial food safety. Written by authors renowned in the field and with extensive teaching experience, this book is essential reading for upper-level undergraduate and postgraduate students of food microbiology, food safety and food science, in addition to professionals working in these areas.
Download or read book The Formation and Identification of Rules of Customary International Law in International Investment Law written by Patrick Dumberry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patrick Dumberry provides a comprehensive analysis of the rules of customary international law in the field of international investment law.
Download or read book Technical Barriers to Trade in New Generation RTAs and in the WTO Agreements written by Iulianna Romanchyshyna and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-08 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the interplay between cooperation on technical barriers to trade (TBT) in free trade agreements and the multilateral framework of the World Trade Organization. In recent years, TBT, especially differences in standards, have attracted increased interest and have been addressed as part of the WTO+ negotiated agenda in trade agreements. Because of a number of political and legal constraints, the process of further cooperation at the WTO have been stalled, which made free trade agreements a central pillar in setting the agenda of international trade governance. This leads us to rethinking the interrelation between the WTO and free trade agreements and to questioning the role of both fora in the future of trade. The book examines some TBT provisions in free trade agreements and highlights their positive and problematic aspects when it comes to the WTO-consistency and the ideas of open and inclusive trade. It also suggests that a more optimal way forward would be to increase parallel work on TBT cooperation at the WTO, a more inclusive forum that could address issues of global significance, such as environmental protection and regulation of digital goods. The book explores the potential for trade agreements to advance the WTO agenda, but notes that the organization would need to adapt its institutional structure and governance in order to do so. Drawing on the example of the EU and US so-called “new generation” trade agreements, the book provides a detailed analysis of the various methods used to navigate TBT cooperation, and offers insight into how these agreements can serve as inspiration for future multilateral disciplines. This book is a valuable resource for trade law academics, policymakers, and anyone interested in the intersection of technical barriers to trade, regional trade agreements, and the WTO.
