Download or read book Neutron Resonance Spectroscopy for the Characterisation of Materials and Objects written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of neutron resonance spectroscopy to investigate and study properties of materials and objects is the basis of neutron resonance transmission analysis (NRTA) and neutron resonance capture analysis (NRCA). NRTA and NRCA are non-destructive methods to determine the elemental and isotopic composition without the need of any sample preparation and resulting in a negligible residual activity. The basic principles of NRTA and NRCA are explained. The use of NRTA and NRCA to determine the elemental composition of archaeological objects and to characterise nuclear materials is reviewed. Other applications of neutron resonance spectroscopy such as imaging, detection of explosives and drugs and thermometry are briefly discussed. A combination of NRTA and NRCA, referred to as Neutron Resonance Densitometry (NRD), is presented as a non-destructive method to quantify nuclear material, in particular the amount of special nuclear material in particle-like debris of melted fuel that is formed in severe nuclear accidents. Finally the importance of accurate nuclear resonance parameters for these applications is discussed and the performance of NRTA for the characterisation of nuclear material in the presence of matrix material is assessed.
Download or read book Neutron Resonance Spectroscopy for the Characterisation of Materials and Objects written by P. Schillebeeckx and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of neutron resonance spectroscopy to investigate and study properties of materials and objects is the basis of neutron resonance transmission analysis (NRTA) and neutron resonance capture analysis (NRCA). NRTA and NRCA are non-destructive methods to determine the elemental and isotopic composition without the need of any sample preparation and resulting in a negligible residual activity. The basic principles of NRTA and NRCA are explained. The use of NRTA and NRCA to determine the elemental composition of archaeological objects and to characterise nuclear materials is reviewed. Other applications of neutron resonance spectroscopy such as imaging, detection of explosives and drugs and thermometry are briefly discussed. A combination of NRTA and NRCA, referred to as Neutron Resonance Densitometry (NRD), is presented as a non-destructive method to quantify nuclear material, in particular the amount of special nuclear material in particle-like debris of melted fuel that is formed in severe nuclear accidents. Finally the importance of accurate nuclear resonance parameters for these applications is discussed and the performance of NRTA for the characterisation of nuclear material in the presence of matrix material is assessed.
Download or read book Neutron Resonance Parameters written by Sergey I Sukhoruchkin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume I/26A is presenting newly published neutron resonance parameters for nuclei ranging from Hydrogen (Z=1) to Californium (Z=98) supplementing data published in previous Landolt-Börnstein volumes. The quality and precision of the data have been improved considerably. The data were compiled by two eminent experts in the field who undertook great efforts to compare data from different laboratories to present "best values". Accurate neutron resonance parameters embody an important contribution to improve nuclear data for a variety of applications such as the design and safe operation of nuclear reactors, the development of advanced energy production technologies, transmutation of nuclear waste, and nuclear astrophysics. Additionally, one chapter is dedicated to the characterization of materials and objects by neutron resonance spectroscopy. Transmission and capture analysis using time-of-flight measurements are described in detail. Applications ranging from archeology, astrophysics, investigation of nuclear material, thermometry or resonance imaging for the study of molten nuclear fuel are presented. Another chapter presents empirical evidence for regularities in the systematics of level spacing. In view of the large amount of data the parameters for only the most important resonances are given in the printed version, whereas the data for all resonances are available online on www.springermaterials.com. Neutron resonance parameters of many nuclei were previously published by Landolt-Börnstein in Volumes I/16B, I/16C, and I/24.
Download or read book Neutron Methods for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage written by Nikolay Kardjilov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an extensive overview of the application of neutron characterization techniques in cultural heritage to a broad audience and will be of interest to both scientists and non-scientists in the field. Archaeologists, paleontologists, restaurateurs and conservators, historians and collectors will be fascinated by the wealth of information that can be obtained using neutron techniques, while material scientists and engineers will find details of the experimental techniques and materials properties that can be determined. Neutrons, due to their weak interactions with materials, provide a penetrating, but non-invasive probe of bulk properties. They allow the characterization of the composition and mechanical properties of materials, helping to answer questions related to the dating, the manufacturing process or the state of degradation of artefacts. They allow detailed interrogation of the internal structures of objects that may be otherwise hidden from view. The first section of the book is dedicated to stories describing spectacular discoveries brought about by the use of neutron techniques in a range of applications. The second section covers the experimental techniques in appropriate detail: basic principles, limitations and fields of application.
Download or read book Neutron Resonance Parameters written by Sergey I Sukhoruchkin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume I/26A is presenting newly published neutron resonance parameters for nuclei ranging from Hydrogen (Z=1) to Californium (Z=98) supplementing data published in previous Landolt-Börnstein volumes. The quality and precision of the data have been improved considerably. The data were compiled by two eminent experts in the field who undertook great efforts to compare data from different laboratories to present "best values". Accurate neutron resonance parameters embody an important contribution to improve nuclear data for a variety of applications such as the design and safe operation of nuclear reactors, the development of advanced energy production technologies, transmutation of nuclear waste, and nuclear astrophysics. Additionally, one chapter is dedicated to the characterization of materials and objects by neutron resonance spectroscopy. Transmission and capture analysis using time-of-flight measurements are described in detail. Applications ranging from archeology, astrophysics, investigation of nuclear material, thermometry or resonance imaging for the study of molten nuclear fuel are presented. Another chapter presents empirical evidence for regularities in the systematics of level spacing. In view of the large amount of data the parameters for only the most important resonances are given in the printed version, whereas the data for all resonances are available online on www.springermaterials.com. Neutron resonance parameters of many nuclei were previously published by Landolt-Börnstein in Volumes I/16B, I/16C, and I/24.
Download or read book Experimental neutron resonance spectroscopy written by J Harvey and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental Neutron Resonance Spectroscopy deals with the experimental technique of neutron resonance spectroscopy. Pulsed accelerator time-of-flight spectrometers and gamma rays from neutron capture in resonances are discussed. Total neutron cross section measurements are presented, along with neutron scattering and capture cross-section measurements and measurements on fissile nuclides. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins with an introduction to pulsed accelerator time-of-flight spectrometers with moderated continued neutron spectra, together with the pulsed Van De Graaff. Experimental techniques used for neutron cross section measurements, including detectors and data acquisition equipment, are then outlined. Scattering measurements and capture measurements as well as gamma-ray spectra from the capture of neutrons in resonances are considered. The final chapter focuses on the detailed and varied experiments that have been performed on the complicated fission process, together with the parameters of the resonances of the fissile nuclides. This monograph will be a useful resource for spectroscopists and physicists.
Download or read book Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives written by Avi Kagan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives, Second Edition covers the most current techniques available for explosive detection. This completely revised volume describes the most updated research findings that will be used in the next generation of explosives detection technologies. New editors Drs. Avi Cagan and Jimmie Oxley have assembled in one volume a series of detection technologies written by an expert group of scientists. The book helps researchers to compare the advantages and disadvantages of all available methods in detecting explosives and, in effect, allows them to choose the correct instrumental screening technology according to the nature of the sample. - Covers bulk/remote trace/contact or contact-less detection - Describes techniques applicable to indoor (public transportation, human and freight) and outdoor (vehicle) detection - Reviews both current techniques and those in advanced stages of development - Provides detailed descriptions of every technique, including its principles of operation, as well as its applications in the detection of explosives
Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Approaches to Actinide Chemistry written by John K. Gibson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of contemporary actinide research that focuses on new advances in experiment and theory, and the interplay between these two realms Experimental and Theoretical Approaches to Actinide Chemistry offers a comprehensive review of the key aspects of actinide research. Written by noted experts in the field, the text includes information on new advances in experiment and theory and reveals the interplay between these two realms. The authors offer a multidisciplinary and multimodal approach to the nature of actinide chemistry, and explore the interplay between multiple experiments and theory, as well as between basic and applied actinide chemistry. The text covers the basic science used in contemporary studies of the actinide systems, from basic synthesis to state-of-the-art spectroscopic and computational techniques. The authors provide contemporary overviews of each topic area presented and describe the current and anticipated experimental approaches for the field, as well as the current and future computational chemistry and materials techniques. In addition, the authors explore the combination of experiment and theory. This important resource: Provides an essential resource the reviews the key aspects of contemporary actinide research Includes information on new advances in experiment and theory, and the interplay between the two Covers the basic science used in contemporary studies of the actinide systems, from basic synthesis to state-of-the-art spectroscopic and computational techniques Focuses on the interplay between multiple experiments and theory, as well as between basic and applied actinide chemistry Written for academics, students, professionals and researchers, this vital text contains a thorough review of the key aspects of actinide research and explores the most recent advances in experiment and theory.
Download or read book Neutrons and Synchrotron Radiation in Engineering Materials Science written by Walter Reimers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-06-25 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Besides its coverage of the four important aspects of synchrotron sources, materials and material processes, measuring techniques, and applications, this ready reference presents both important method types: diffraction and tomography. Following an introduction, a general section leads on to methods, while further sections are devoted to emerging methods and industrial applications. In this way, the text provides new users of large-scale facilities with easy access to an understanding of both the methods and opportunities offered by different sources and instruments.
Download or read book Neutron Scattering and Other Nuclear Techniques for Hydrogen in Materials written by Helmut Fritzsche and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-22 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the main nuclear characterization techniques used to study hydrogen absorption and desorption in materials. The various techniques (neutron scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance, ion-beams, positron annihilation spectroscopy) are explained in detail, and a variety of examples of recent research projects are given to show the unique advantage of these techniques to study hydrogen in materials. Most of these nuclear techniques require very specialized instrumentation, and there are only a handful of these instruments available worldwide. Therefore, the aim of this book is to reach out to a readership with a very diverse background in the physical sciences and engineering and a broad range of hydrogen-related research interests. The same technique can be used by researchers interested in the improvement of the performance of hydrogen storage materials and by those focused on hydrogen ingress causing embrittlement of metals. The emphasis of this book is to provide tutorial material on how to use nuclear characterization techniques for the investigation of hydrogen in materials – information that cannot readily be found in conference and regular research papers. Provides a comprehensive overview of nuclear techniques used for hydrogen-related research Explains all nuclear techniques in detail for the non-expert Covers the whole range of hydrogen-related research Features chapters written by world-renowned experts in nuclear technique and hydrogen-related research
Download or read book Atlas of Neutron Resonances written by Said F. Mughabghab and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atlas of Neutron Resonances: Resonance Properties and Thermal Cross Sections Z=61-102, Sixth Edition, contains an extensive list of detailed individual neutron resonance parameters for Z=61-102, thermal cross sections, capture and fission resonance integrals, average resonance parameters, and a short survey of the physics of thermal and resonance neutrons. The long introduction contains: nuclear physics formulas aimed at neutron physicists; topics of special interest such as valence neutron capture, nuclear level density parameters, and s-, p-, and d-wave neutron strength functions; and various comparisons of measured quantities with the predictions of nuclear models, such as the optical model neutron-induced fission. As in the last edition, additional features have been added to appeal to a wider spectrum of users. These include: spin-dependent scattering lengths that are of interest to solid-state physicists, nuclear physicists and neutron evaluators; calculated and measured Maxwellian average 5-keV and 30-keV capture cross sections of importance to astrophysicists involved in nucleosynthesis modeling; s-, p-, and d- wave average radiative widths; nuclear level density parameters; and average fission widths derived from average fission cross sections. - Provides a comparison of average resonance parameters with optical model calculations and with the generalized Landau-Fermi model - Presents scattering radii for various partial waves from the analysis of total neutron cross sections in the keV to MeV energy region - Includes a brief review of sub-threshold fission - Features consistent treatment of average neutron parameters with values from the resolved resonance region
Download or read book Vibrational Spectroscopy With Neutrons With Applications In Chemistry Biology Materials Science And Catalysis written by Philip C H Mitchell and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-06-15 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is a spectroscopic technique in which neutrons are used to probe the dynamics of atoms and molecules in solids and liquids. This book is the first, since the late 1960s, to cover the principles and applications of INS as a vibrational-spectroscopic technique. It provides a hands-on account of the use of INS, concentrating on how neutron vibrational spectroscopy can be employed to obtain chemical information on a range of materials that are of interest to chemists, biologists, materials scientists, surface scientists and catalyst researchers. This is an accessible and comprehensive single-volume primary text and reference source.
Download or read book Atlas of Neutron Resonances written by Said F. Mughabghab and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atlas of Neutron Resonances: Resonance Properties and Thermal Cross Sections Z= 1-60, Sixth Edition, contains an extensive list of detailed individual neutron resonance parameters for Z=1-60, as well as thermal cross sections, capture resonance integrals, average resonance parameters and a short survey of the physics of thermal and resonance neutrons. The long introduction contains: nuclear physics formulas aimed at neutron physicists; topics of special interest such as valence neutron capture, nuclear level density parameters, and s-, p-, and d-wave neutron strength functions; and various comparisons of measured quantities with the predictions of nuclear models, such as the optical model. As in the last edition, additional features have been added to appeal to a wider spectrum of users. These include: spin-dependent scattering lengths that are of interest to solid-state physicists, nuclear physicists and neutron evaluators; calculated and measured Maxwellian average 5-keV and 30-keV capture cross sections of importance to astrophysicists involved in nucleosynthesis modeling; s-, p-, and d-wave average radiative widths; and, nuclear level density parameters. - Provides a comparison of average resonance parameters with optical model calculations and with the generalized Landau-Fermi model - Presents scattering radii for various partial waves from the analysis of total neutron cross sections in the keV to MeV energy region - Includes a brief review of sub-threshold fission - Examines consistent treatment of average neutron parameters with values from the resolved resonance region
Download or read book The Neutron written by Hans G. Börner and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reactor-based laboratory at the Institut Laue-Langevin is recognized as the world's most productive and reliable source of slow neutrons for the study of low energy particle and nuclear physics. The book highlights the impact of about 600 very diverse publications about work performed in these fields during the past more than 30 years of reactor operation at this institute. On one hand neutrons are used as a tool to generate nuclei in excited states for studying their structure and decay, in particular fission. Uniquely sensitive experiments can tell us a great deal about the symmetry characteristics of nuclei and their fission properties. On the other hand, studies with slow neutrons as the object of investigation are complementary to studies at huge particle accelerators. Experiments carried out at the ILL contribute to elucidate basic questions about the building blocks of the Universe by analyzing very precisely subtle neutron properties.
Download or read book Elements of Slow Neutron Scattering written by J. M. Carpenter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the fundamental theory and applications of slow-neutron scattering.
Download or read book Fast Neutron Resonance Tomography Using Double Scatter Spectroscopy for Materials Identification written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutron Resonance Spectroscopy of EU151 153 and SM152 154 written by Franklin J. Rahn and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
