Download or read book Neutrino Physics in Present and Future Kamioka Water erenkov Detectors with Neutron Tagging written by Pablo Fernández Menéndez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-21 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the upgrade of the Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector, which consists in the addition of a salt of gadolinium into the detector’s water, the goal being to endow it with a very high-efficiency ability to detect neutrons: the SuperK-Gd project. This will substantially improve the scientific value of the SK detector because, among others, neutron production is related to the matter–antimatter character of the interacting neutrino. In this book the authors develop several procedures for maximizing the impact of neutron tagging in various physics analyses involving a broad range of neutrino energy. They thoroughly study the impact of new backgrounds introduced by Gd in key physics analyses, most remarkably including the search for the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background. At GeV energies, the neutron tagging improvements are evaluated by performing a complete neutrino oscillation sensitivity study using atmospheric and long baseline neutrinos, with a focus on the neutrino mass hierarchy and the leptonic CP violation. In order to prove the relevance of neutron tagging with the available data, the authors apply the neutron-tagging tools developed here to the 4th phase of the SK detector, which is already capable of detecting a low fraction of the neutrons produced through hydrogen-neutron captures. A global oscillation analysis of the SK’s atmospheric neutrino data is also conducted.

Download or read book Using Machine Learning to Improve Neutron Tagging Efficiency in Water Cherenkov Detectors written by Matthew Stubbs and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When an anti-neutrino collides with a proton in the atomic nucleus, it yields an anti-lepton and a free neutron. In a water Cherenkov neutrino detector like Super-K or the next generation Hyper-K, the free neutron is captured by a hydrogen or gadolinium nucleus about one hundred microseconds after the collision. The low-energy signal from the neutron capture (ranging from 2-8 MeV of gamma rays) is recorded by only tens of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), making neutron captures difficult to distinguish from radioactive decay, muon spallation and other background sources. Improved methodologies for neutron tagging can advance understanding and enable new research over a survey of topics in particle physics. In this research, machine learning techniques are employed to optimize the neutron capture detection capability in the new intermediate water Cherenkov detector (IWCD) for Hyper-K. In particular, boosting decision tree (XGBoost) and graph neural network (GCN, DGCNN) models are developed and benchmarked against a statistical likelihood-based approach, achieving up to a 10% increase in classification accuracy. Characteristic features are also engineered from the datasets and analyzed using SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) to provide insight into the pivotal factors influencing event type outcomes. Three main datasets were used for evaluative purposes in this research, each consisting of roughly 1.6 million events in total, divided nearly evenly between neutron capture and a distinct background electron source.

Download or read book Research in Neutrino Physics and Particle Astrophysics written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Boston University Neutrino Physics and Particle Astrophysics Group investigates the fundamental laws of particle physics using natural and man-made neutrinos and rare processes such as proton decay. The primary instrument for this research is the massive Super-Kamiokande (SK) water Cherenkov detector, operating since 1996 at the Kamioka Neutrino Observatory, one kilometer underground in a mine in Japan. We study atmospheric neutrinos from cosmic rays, which were first used to discover that neutrinos have mass, as recognized by the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics. Our latest measurements with atmospheric neutrinos are giving valuable information, complementary to longbaseline experiments, on the ordering of massive neutrino states and as to whether neutrinos violate CP symmetry. We have studied a variety of proton decay modes, including the most frequently predicted modes such as p → e+[pi]0 and p → [nu] K+, as well as more exotic baryon number violating processes such as dinucleon decay and neutronantineutron oscillation. We search for neutrinos from dark matter annihilation or decay in the universe. Our group has made significant contributions to detector operation, particularly in the area of electronics. Most recently, we have contributed to planning for an upgrade to the SK detector by the addition of gadolinium to the water, which will enable efficient neutron capture detection.

Download or read book The Fifth International Workshop on Neutrino Oscillations and Their Origin written by Yoichiro Suzuki and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 2005 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar neutrino measurement in super-Kamiokande / Y. Koshio -- Calibration and results from the SNO salt phase / K. Graham -- KamLAND (contribution was not received) / S. Freedman -- Solar neutrino road map / C. Peña Garay -- Uncertainties in solar-neutrino source reactions : theoretical study of S[symbol] by using inverse [symbol]B reactions / M. Kamimura -- Helioseismology and neutrino physics / H. Shibahashi -- Future solar neutrino experiments / M. Nakahata -- Lens-Sol : a detector for measuring the neutrino luminosity of the sun / H. Back ... [et al.] -- SK atmospheric neutrino / C. Saji -- Direct oscillatory evidence from L/E analysis in super-Kamiokande / M. Ishitsuka -- Future atmospheric neutrino experiments : the case of water Cherenkov detectors / T. Kajita ... [et al.] -- Precise measurement of cosmic-ray proton spectrum up to 500 GEV / S. Haino -- Atmospheric cosmic-ray muons, protons, and antiprotons / T. Sanuki -- Atmospheric neutrinos and the v mass matrix / P. Lipari -- Recent K2K results / T. Ishii -- Status of global analysis of neutrino oscillation data / M. C. Gonzalez-Garcia & M. Maltoni -- Neutrino-nucleus cross sections : measurements versus calculations / P. Vogel -- Neutrino interactions at K2K / Y. Hayato -- Miniboone status / J. L. Raaf -- J-PARC neutrino beam line / T. Kobayashi -- Physics at J-Parc neutrino experiment / Y. Itow -- The status of MINOS / D. A. Petyt -- The NOvA detector measuring [symbol] with the NuMI beam / R. Rusack -- Plans for a fermilab proton driver / D. Finley -- Status of OPERA / M. Komatsu -- Summary of model precitions for U[symbol] / A. S. Joshipura -- Double-CHOOZ : a search for [symbol] / T. Lasserre -- Towards a precision measurement of [symbol] with reactor neutrinos : initiatives in the United States / K. M. Heeger -- Towards exploring U[symbol] / O. Yasuda -- On the atmospheric neutrino oscillations, [symbol] and neutrino mass hierarchy / S. T. Petcov & S. Palomares-Ruiz -- Status of KASKA : the Japanese reactor [symbol] project / F. Suekane -- Current status and future prospects of neutrino direct mass / C. Kraus -- Five sample proposals for next generation neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments / F. T. Avignone III & G. S. King III -- CANDLES for the study of [symbol] decay of [symbol]Ca / I. Ogawa ... [et al.] -- Status of the NEMO 3 experiment / F. Piquemal & L. Simard -- New CUORICINO results and the CUORE project / O. Cremonesi ... [et al.] -- EXO : a status report / K. Wamba -- Neutrinoless double beta decay, neutrino mass spectrum and CP-violation / S. Pascoli & S. T. Petcov -- Neutrinos and the deaths of massive stars / W. R. Hix, A. Mezzacappa & O. E. B. Messer -- Supernova neutrino oscillation with/without neutrino magnetic moment / S. Ando & K. Sato -- The supernova relic neutrino background / M. Kaplinghat -- Future detection of supernovas / M. R. Vagins -- Neutrinos from protoneutron stars with various equation of states / H. Suzuki -- Discovering Tau and muon solar neutrino flares above backgrounds / D. Fargion & F. Moscato -- Leptogenesis and low energy data / K. R. S. Balaji -- WIMP-nucleus scattering / G. Prézeau -- WIMPS : direct and indirect detection, status and perspectives / G. Gerbier -- DAMA/NaI results / R. Bernabei ... [et al.] -- XMASS / T. Namba -- Dark matter search with direction sensitive scintillator / H. Sekiya ... [et al.] -- Neutrino oscillations, and the origin of pulsar velocities and dark matter / A. Kusenko -- Recent topics of particle cosmology / M. Kawasaki -- B-L genesis : generalities and impact on neutrino physics / M. Yoshimura -- Models of maximal atmospheric neutrino mixing and leptogenesis / W. Grimus & L. Lavoura -- Texture zeros and CP-violating phases in the neutrino mass matrix / Z.-Z. Xing -- The MEG experiment study of the origin of Mv by searching for lepton flavor violation in charged leptons / T. Mori -- Neutrino mixing pattern and its implications for charged lepton rare decays and CP violation (contribution was not received) / K. S. Babu -- B physics, Hg EDM, and lepton flavor violation in SUSY models / Y. Shimizu -- Neutrino oscillations and their origin (NOON2004) : summary / A. Yu Smirnov

Download or read book NNN06 Next Generation Nucleon Decay and Neutrino and Detectors written by Jeffrey R. Wilkes and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2007-11-19 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NNN06 was the sixth in a series of workshops to discuss experiments that go beyond the reach of current projects. Papers in these Proceedings survey the status of results from current neutrino oscillations and nucleon decay searches, theoretical interpretations of the existing results and the goals for future nucleon decay and neutrino detector, ideas for new massive underground detectors, and very long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.

Download or read book Next Generation Nucleon Decay and Neutrino Detector NNN99 written by Milind V. Diwan and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2000-08-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even after more than 40 years of experimentation we have not observed the decay of the basic constituent of everyday matter: the proton. So far, the proton appears to be completely stable. This is very puzzling because reasonable models of physics predict that protons after living very long should break apart into lighter particles such as electrons, muons, and pions. Over the last several decades both the experiments and the theory of particles have become increasingly sophisticated. The latest and best experiment (Super-Kamiokande) is in the Kamioka mine in Japan: it has monitored 20,000 tons of water for more than 3 years to see decays of protons; none has been found. Yet the sheer size and precision of this experiment has allowed it to find evidence for neutrino mass by observing oscillations of neutrinos generated in the earth's atmosphere by high energy cosmic rays from outer space. Similar detectors in the past have observed neutrinos from the Sun as well as from Supernova explosions. This workshop was intended to find the next step in this process of experimentation. Should we continue the search for proton decay? The answer from this conference seems to be a definite yes! However, the answer for what sensitivity to achieve seems to be mixed. Regardless of the exact answer about the type and size of the next detector, this project will be much larger than any of the previous projects. Therefore we need to create a consensus in the international physics community and also explore the likely synergistic impact of such a project on other fields of research such as neutrino physics and astrophysics.

Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access

Download or read book Commissioning of the World s First Water Cherenkov Neutron Veto and First WIMP Dark Matter Search Results of the XENONnT Experiment written by Daniel Wenz and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rich number of astronomical and cosmological observations suggest the existence of a massive, non-luminous, and non-relativistic, matter component in the universe which is five times more abundant than baryonic matter and is commonly referred as to dark matter (DM). Although so far eluding from detection, one class of promising DM candidates are weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) which arise naturally from many beyond the Standard Model (BSM) theories. The XENON Dark Matter Project aims to directly detect WIMPs, and other kinds of rare event signals, by utilizing large-scale liquid xenon (LXe) dual-phase time projection chambers (TPCs). The newest generation of experiment, called XENONnT, utilizes a TPC with a total sensitive LXe mass of 5.9 t, and was designed as a fast upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. In addition to its larger TPC, XENONnT was augmented with the world's first water Cherenkov neutron veto (NV), which was mounted inside the already existing water Cherenkov muon veto water tank of XENON1T. Neutrons emitted by detector materials can undergo a single back-scatter inside the TPC producing a signal which is indistinguishable from WIMPs. The NV has the task to mitigate this potential threat for the scientific reach of the experiment by tagging these escaping neutrons through their delayed neutron capture on hydrogen. In the presented work, the results of the first weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) search science run, called SR0, are discussed. SR0 features a blind analysis between 3.3 keV and 60.5 keV nuclear recoils energies with a total exposure of about 1.1 tonne-year, utilizing the lowest ever achieved electronic recoil background of (15.8 ± 1.3) events/(t · y · keV) in a LXe. No significant excess was found in the data, setting the lowest upper limit of 2.58 · 10-47 cm2 for spin-independent (SI) interactions of 28 GeV/c2 WIMPs at a 90% confidence level. These results have also been published in [Apr+23b] as part of the presented work. To obtain these results, this thesis discusses the commissioning of the XENONnT neutron veto (NV), and the calibration of its neutron tagging efficiency. The tagging efficiency was found to be (53.1±2.8)% which is the highest efficiency ever measured in a water Cherenkov detector. The efficiency of the NV, as well as the nuclear recoil (NR) response of the time projection chamber (TPC), were calibrated using tagged neutrons from an Americium-Beryllium (AmBe) neutron source. This technique was deployed for the first time in a liquid xenon (LXe) TPC. It enables a calibration of the NR response with high purity and a remaining pollution of less than 0.1 %. Further, the same calibration data was used to determine the thermal neutron capture cross section of hydrogen which was found to be 336.7 ± 0.4 (stat.)+2.0 -0.0 (sys.) mb. All these analyses are based on the data provided by XENONnT's new processing framework called STRAXEN. As part of the lead developing team, the entire processing chain for the two veto systems of XENONnT was developed, and many additional tools have been implemented. Finally, to enhance the neutron tagging efficiency of the NV even further, the water inside the water tank is going to be doped with Gd-sulfate. As part of the presented work, different Gd-salt samples of the manufacturer Treibacher were analyzed regarding their suitability for the experiment.

Download or read book Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics Sendai June 3 8 1986 written by Toshio Kitagaki and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Testing Explanations of Short Baseline Neutrino Anomalies written by Nicolò Foppiani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-02 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis, encompassing both theory to experiment, guides the reader in a pedagogical way through the author’s attempts to resolve the mystery of the so-called MiniBooNE anomaly, where unexpected neutrino oscillations were reported, potentially explainable by the existence of light sterile neutrinos, but in contradiction with several null results. Within this context, this thesis reports one of the first analyses searching for an excess of electrons in the MicroBooNE experiment finding no excess of events and narrowing down the possible explanations for the anomaly. Additionally, this thesis explores non-minimal heavy neutral leptons as potential explanations for the MiniBooNE excess. To search for evidence for this particle, the author performs an analysis using data from the T2K experiment, which searched for pairs of electrons using a gas argon time projection. This thesis provides a comprehensive explanation of the MiniBooNE anomaly and test of its possibile explanation with liquid and gas time projection chambers.

Download or read book Measurement of the Antineutrino Double Differential Charged Current Quasi Elastic Scattering Cross Section at MINERvA written by Cheryl E. Patrick and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​This thesis represents the first double differential measurement of quasi-elastic anti-neutrino scattering in the few GeV range--a region of substantial theoretical and experimental interest as it is the kinematic region where studies of charge-parity (CP) violation in the neutrino sector most require precise understanding of the differences between anti-neutrino and neutrino scatter. This dissertation also presents total antineutrino-scintillator quasi-elastic cross sections as a function of energy, which is then compared to measurements from previous experiments. Next-generation neutrino oscillation experiments, such as DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande, hope to measure CP violation in the lepton sector. In order to do this, they must dramatically reduce their current levels of uncertainty, particularly those due to neutrino-nucleus interaction models. As CP violation is a measure of the difference between the oscillation properties of neutrinos and antineutrinos, data about how the less-studied antineutrinos interact is especially valuable. The measurement described herewith determines the nuclear and instrumental effects that must be understood to undertake precision neutrino physics. As well as being useful to help reduce oscillation experiments' uncertainty, this data can also be used to study the prevalence of various correlation and final-state interaction effects within the nucleus. In addition to being a substantial scientific advance, this thesis also serves as an outstanding introduction to the field of experimental neutrino physics for future students.

Download or read book Neutrino written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book High energy Neutrino Transients as a Probe of Neutrino Physics written by Jose Carpio Dumler and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, we will look at neutrino production in astrophysical environments and how we can use these environments to probe neutrino physics. Neutrinos carry information about the particle physics processes occurring inside the source. As these neutrinos have energies much larger than those from terrestrial sources and travel cosmological distances to reach us, they can also be used to look for new physics. We look at neutrino production in gamma-ray bursts and magnetars in a semi-analytical way. In both cases, we explore the source parameters that favor neutrino production and its implications for IceCube and future neutrino detectors. Then, we present the neutrino time delay approach to explore Beyond Standard Model interactions. This technique is suitable in multimessenger astrophysics, where we can measure neutrino delay with respect to a photon signal. We look at the time delay distributions obtained from Monte Carlo simulations, which can then be used for statistical analyses. We show an application of this technique in the context of supernova neutrinos and neutrino-dark matter interactions.

Download or read book Double Chooz and Reactor Neutrino Oscillation written by Thiago Junqueira de Castro Bezerra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the author’s work at the Double Chooz Experiment, from 2010 to 2013, the goal of which was to search for electronic anti-neutrino disappearance close to nuclear power plant facilities as a result of neutrino oscillation. Starting with a brief review of neutrino oscillation and the most important past experimental findings in this field, the author subsequently provides a full and detailed description of a neutrino detector, from simulation aspects to detection principles, as well as the data analysis procedure used to extract the oscillation parameters. The main results in this book are 1) an improvement on the mixing angle, θ13, uncertainty by combining two data-sets from neutrino event selection: neutron capture on gadolinium and on hydrogen; and 2) the first measurement of the effective squared mass difference by combining the current reactor neutrino experimental data from Daya Bay, Double Chooz and RENO and taking advantage of their different reactor-to-detector distances. The author explains how these methods of combining data can be used to estimate these two values. Each method results in the best possible sensitivity for the oscillation parameters with regard to reactor neutrinos. They can be used as a standard method on the latest data releases from the current experiments.

Download or read book Future Neutrino Detectors and Their Impact on Particle and Astrophysics written by Christian Grieb and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Past Present and Future of Neutrino Oscillations written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neutrino Physics at the Spallation Neutron Source written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: