Download or read book Nepal s Investment Climate written by Gabi G. Afram and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-03-27 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2006 and Constituent Assembly elections in 2008 have paved the way for political and economic reform in Nepal. Indeed, the 2009 Investment Climate Assessment (ICA) shows that Nepal's private sector is starting to reap some dividend from the cessation of armed conflict in terms of employment generation, rebounding tourism, increased tax collection, as well as less complex business regulations and procedures to obtain permits. However, Nepal's private sector (already plagued with various market failures) continues to suffer from the consequences of a decade of armed conflict and civil unrest. Poor infrastructure, particularly for transportation and energy, inadequate labor skills and continuous labor unrest, as well as inefficient and unstable credit markets, exacerbate the damage that continued political instability has had on the investment climate. Together political instability and poor infrastructure pose the two greatest challenges to Nepal's investment climate and growth in the private sector. The effects of these challenges on business confidence and economic performance are visible and costly: productions costs are high, business operations and trade are often disrupted, and competitiveness is declining. These structural problems cause low levels of savings and investment resulting in low job creation, which lead millions of Nepalis to seek temporary employment abroad; resulting in remittance flows that are mainly channeled to consumption and asset bubbles. This inflates prices and increases costs to the productive job-creating sector, which loses competitiveness and export markets, prolonging the cycle of mediocre and jobless growth at home. In order for Nepal to kick-start private sector-led growth in Nepal, it has to leverage its potential particularly through strengthening trade with China and India, developing its hydropower resources, and adopting policies to target growth in key sectors such as tourism. Improving Nepal's investment climate and strengthening the private sector will require government initiative to solve many challenges as well as public-private dialogue and partnerships to tackle larger challenges to be addressed over the medium and long-term. The Nepal Investment Climate Assessment (ICA) assesses dimensions of the investment climate that shape the opportunities for investments, employment and growth of private firms and provides recommendations to support private sector development. The Nepal ICA is based on three main surveys: an Enterprise Survey, an Employee Survey, and a Survey of Informal Enterprises. The surveys capture perceptions of the main obstacles for enterprises and workers in key sectors of the economy such as services and manufacturing and provide in-depth data and analysis on issues such as employment, policies and regulations, regional trade, and performance. An advantage of the enterprise surveys is that similar surveys have been conducted in many other countries. This allows comparisons of data on the investment climate with countries in the region and similar countries from other regions. The findings and recommendations of this Nepal ICA will be of interest to the Nepalese government and policy makers, development partners, Nepalese business associations, and researchers on private sector development and investment climate issues in Nepal and the South Asia region.
Download or read book Nepal s Investment Climate written by Gabi George Afram and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2006 and Constituent Assembly elections in 2008 have paved the way for political and economic reform in Nepal. Indeed, the 2009 Investment Climate Assessment (ICA) shows that Nepal's private sector is starting to reap some dividend from the cessation of armed conflict in terms of employment generation, rebounding tourism, increased tax collection, as well as less complex business regulations and procedures to obtain permits. However, Nepal's private sector (already plagued with various market failures) continues to suffer from the consequences of a decade of armed conflict and civil unrest. Poor infrastructure, particularly for transportation and energy, inadequate labor skills and continuous labor unrest, as well as inefficient and unstable credit markets, exacerbate the damage that continued political instability has had on the investment climate. Together political instability and poor infrastructure pose the two greatest challenges to Nepal's investment climate and growth in the private sector. The effects of these challenges on business confidence and economic performance are visible and costly: productions costs are high, business operations and trade are often disrupted, and competitiveness is declining. These structural problems cause low levels of savings and investment resulting in low job creation, which lead millions of Nepalis to seek temporary employment abroad; resulting in remittance flows that are mainly channeled to consumption and asset bubbles. This inflates prices and increases costs to the productive job-creating sector, which loses competitiveness and export markets, prolonging the cycle of mediocre and jobless growth at home. In order for Nepal to kick-start private sector-led growth in Nepal, it has to leverage its potential particularly through strengthening trade with China and India, developing its hydropower resources, and adopting policies to target growth in key sectors such as tourism. Improving Nepal's investment climate and strengthening the private sector will require government initiative to solve many challenges as well as public-private dialogue and partnerships to tackle larger challenges to be addressed over the medium and long-term.--publisher description.
Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment in Nepal written by Raghu Bir Bista and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nepal written by United States United States Department of State and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first Constituent Assembly (CA) election in April 2008, Nepal has had seven governments. The second CA election in November 2013 was deemed free, fair, and credible by international and domestic observers. The Nepali Congress emerged with a plurality of CA seats, and joined with the party with the second largest bloc, the Communist Party of Nepal - United Marxist Leninist (UML) party, to form a coalition government in February 2014. The government of Nepal (GON) has publicly reaffirmed its interest in facilitating foreign investment. Many in the business community have expressed confidence that the new coalition will provide a measure of political stability, particularly if it is able to fulfill the CA's mandate of completing a permanent constitution.
Download or read book Investment Climate Reforms written by World Bank World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-11-02 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private firms are at the forefront of the development process, providing more than 90 percent of jobs, supplying goods and services, and representing a significant source of tax revenues. Their ability to grow, create jobs, and reduce poverty depends critically on a well-functioning investment climate--defined as the policy, legal, and institutional arrangements underpinning the functioning of markets and the level of transaction costs and risks associated with starting, operating, and closing a business. The World Bank Group has provided extensive support to investment climate reforms. This evaluation by the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) assesses the relevance, effectiveness, and social value of World Bank Group support to investment climate reforms as it relates to concerns for inclusion and shared prosperity. IEG finds that the World Bank Group has supported a comprehensive menu of investment climate reforms and has improved investment climate in countries, as measured by number of laws enacted, streamlining of processes and time, or simple cost savings for private firms. However, the impact on investment, jobs, business formation, and growth is not straightforward. Regulatory reforms need to be designed and implemented with both economic and social costs and benefits in mind; IEG found that, in practice, World Bank Group support focuses predominantly on reducing costs to businesses. In supporting investment climate reforms, the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation use two distinct but complementary business models. Despite the fact that investment climate is the most integrated business unit in the World Bank Group, coordination is mostly informal, relying mainly on personal contacts. IEG recommends that the World Bank Group expand its range of diagnostic tools and integrate them in the areas of the business environment not yet covered by existing tools; develop an approach to identify the social effects of regulatory reforms on all groups expected to be affected by them beyond the business community; and exploit synergies by ensuring that World Bank and IFC staff improve their understanding of each other's work and business models.
Download or read book Investment Policy Review written by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers how Nepal can improve its foreign direct investment (FDI) performance. Nepal's advantages include privileged access to a well-disposed neighboring country with a large market; a low-wage, trainable workforce; a flourishing local entrepreneurial culture in both small and large business; and established international recognition, thanks to tourist landmarks. Nepal has attracted modest FDI in niche sectors such as tourism, light manufacturing (apparel) and mineral deposits (lime stone). Investment is mainly in low-technology, labour-intensive production. The impact of FDI has also been modest, primarily in job creation. While the FDI laws were liberalized in 1992, there are still obstacles that investors face. The challenge for Nepal is to put in place an investor-friendly business climate that will complement its small bureaucracy. In the short term, Nepal can attract more FDI in its niche sectors such as tourism and production of herbs with special investment packages. Also, Nepal has to be proactive to derive further advantage from the Trade Treaty with India and its LDC trade preferences with developed countries. Improvement in the human resource base is needed in order to attract high-technology FDI.
Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.
Download or read book Nepal s Investment Climate written by Gabi G. Afram and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-04-04 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses dimensions of the investment climate in Nepal that shape opportunities for investments, employment, and growth of private firms. It includes data and analysis from five surveys on challenges to the investment climate, and provides policy recommendations to address these challenges.
Download or read book Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment written by and published by Indonesia National Development Information Office. This book was released on 1996 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Assessment of the Investment Climate in South Africa written by Vijaya Ramachandran and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-05-10 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most aspects of South Africa's investment climate the location-specific factors that shape opportunities and incentives for firms to invest productively, create jobs, and grow are favorable. The majority of large, registered firms believe that the legal system is able to protect their property rights. Infrastructure is reliable. Tax rates are relatively low. The burden of regulation is comparable to other middle-income countrries. Few firms pay bribes. And most firms have adequate access to credit. In many dimensions, South Africa has a good investment climate. Consistent with this, large South African firms are very productive. Labor productivity is far higher than in the most productive low-income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and compares favorably with other middle-income countries such as Brazil, Lithuania, Malaysia, and Poland. And although labor productivity in South Africa is slightly lower than in the most productive cities in China, it is over three times higher than in China as a whole. So, why hasn't South Africa been growing faster? As this title explores, while the investment climate is generally favorable, some problems remain. Firms appear to be particularly concerned about four areas: difficulty hiring skilled and educated workers, rigid labor regulations, exchange rate instability, and crime. Using rigorous statistical information on these and related topics, the book aims to assist policy makers and private sector stakeholders in developing reforms that will improve firm performance and growth.
Download or read book Investing in Climate Investing in Growth written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides an assessment of how governments can generate inclusive economic growth in the short term, while making progress towards climate goals to secure sustainable long-term growth. It describes the development pathways required to meet the Paris Agreement objectives.
Download or read book Investing in the Era of Climate Change written by Bruce Usher and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-28 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A climate catastrophe can be avoided, but only with a rapid and sustained investment in companies and projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To the surprise of many, this has already begun. Investors are abandoning fossil-fuel companies and other polluting industries and financing businesses offering climate solutions. Rising risks, evolving social norms, government policies, and technological innovation are all accelerating this movement of capital. Bruce Usher offers an indispensable guide to the risks and opportunities for investors as the world faces climate change. He explores the role that investment plays in reducing emissions to net zero by 2050, detailing how to finance the winners and avoid the losers in a transforming global economy. Usher argues that careful examination of climate solutions will offer investors a new and necessary lens on the future for their own financial benefit and for the greater good. Companies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions will create great wealth, and, more importantly, they will provide a lifeline for humanity. Grounded in academic and industry research, Usher’s insights bring clarity to a complex and controversial topic while illuminating the people behind the numbers. This book sets out a practical and actionable plan for investors that will alter the course of climate change.
Download or read book Middle East and North Africa Investment Policy Perspectives written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Middle East and North Africa Investment Policy Perspectives highlights the considerable progress in investment policies made by the region’s governments over the past decade. Yet, the reform momentum needs to be sustained and deepened for the benefits of investment to be shared with society at large and for growth to be sustainable, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting global economic upheaval.
Download or read book World Development Indicators 2014 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Development Indicators (WDI) is the World Bank s premier annual compilation of data about development. This year s print edition and e-book have been redesigned to allow users the convenience of easily linking to the latest data on-line.
Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment in South Asia written by Pravakar Sahoo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1990s, the governments of South Asian countries acted as ‘facilitators’ to attract FDI. As a result, the inflow of FDI increased. However, to become an attractive FDI destination as China, Singapore, or Brazil, South Asia has to improve the local conditions of doing business. This book, based on research that blends theory, empirical evidence, and policy, asks and attempts to answer a few core questions relevant to FDI policy in South Asian countries: Which major reforms have succeeded? What are the factors that influence FDI inflows? What has been the impact of FDI on macroeconomic performance? Which policy priorities/reforms needed to boost FDI are pending? These questions and answers should interest policy makers, academics, and all those interested in FDI in the South Asian region and in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.
Download or read book Shock Waves written by Stephane Hallegatte and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-11-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.
Download or read book Economic Analysis of Climate Proofing Investment Projects written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2015-09-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change represents an increasing threat to the continued development of the people, preservation of ecosystems, and economic growth of Asia and the Pacific. Mainstreaming climate risk management in all aspects of development is thus key to an effective transition to climate-resilient development pathways. ADB's climate risk management framework aims to reduce risks resulting from climate change to investment projects in Asia and the Pacific. A key step in this framework is the technical and economic valuation of climate-proofing measures. This report describes the conduct of the cost-benefit analysis of climate proofing investment projects. An important message is that the presence of uncertainty about climate change does not invalidate the conduct of the economic analysis of investment projects, nor does it require a new type of economic analysis. However, the presence of uncertainty does require a different type of decision-making process in which technical and economic expertise combine to present decision makers with the best possible information on the economic efficiency of alternative designs of investment projects.
