Download or read book Near and Mid infrared Integrated Photonic Bio chemical Sensing Devices with On chip Spectrometers written by Kyoung Min Yoo and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a recent decade, miniaturized optical sensor devices based on photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have been investigated vigorously due to their exceptional advantages such as high speed, high sensitivity, high-density integration, low cost, compactness, and robustness against the environmental fluctuation by eliminating the assembly and alignment of the free-space optical components. Especially, near- and mid-infrared photonics have intrigued a great interest in various sensing applications including the physical object/environment imaging and mapping, material identification, and chemical/biomolecule sensing due to the strong fundamental vibrational-rotational signatures of the distinct chemical bonds and high transmittance in an ambient atmospheric environment or in-vivo mammalian bio-cells. The basic components constituting the PICs are the micro/nano waveguides to guide the light by the total internal reflection, and the most matured PIC material platforms are typically based on silicon platforms. However, depending on the targeting application's operation scheme and wavelengths, appropriate material platforms and structures should be designed and optimized to minimize material loss and maximize performance. This Ph.D. dissertation focuses on the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of the various passive photonic components in different material platforms and photonic integrated sensor devices for the mid-infrared (MIR) absorption trace gas sensors, near-infrared (NIR) on-chip spectrometers, and biosensing applications. The first chapter covers the MIR trace gas sensor devices based on the suspended InGaAs membrane waveguides. We designed and compared two different waveguide structures on the III-V material platform considering the monolithic integration of the sensing waveguides with the light sources and detectors in MIR wavelengths. The second chapter demonstrates the NIR spatial heterodyne Fourier transform spectrometer (SHFTS) integrated with a subwavelength grating coupler (SWGC) for the dual-polarization bandpass sampling on the Si3N4 platform to solve the intrinsic trade-off limitation between the resolution and bandwidth. After that, the micro-ring resonator (MRR) biosensor devices integrated with SHFTS for the lab-on-a-chip optical biosensor platform on the silicon-on-insulator wafer were presented which can substitute the external optical spectrum analyzers for detecting the resonance wavelength shift. Finally, a thorough study on the point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 lab-on-a-chip (LoC) optical biosensor platforms is presented, and the recommendations for future research will be discussed

Download or read book Near infrared and Mid infrared Integrated Silicon Devices for Chemical and Biological Sensing written by Yi Zou and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon has been the material of choice of the photonics industry over the last decade due to its easy integration with silicon electronics as well as its optical transparency in the near-infrared telecom wavelengths. Besides these, it has very high refractive index, and also a broad optical transparency window over the entire mid-IR till about 8[Mu]m. Photonic crystal is well known that it can slow down the speed of light. It also can provide a universal platform for microcavity optical resonators with high quality factor Q and small modal volumes. The slow light effect, high Q and small modal volumes enhance light-matter interaction, together with high refractive index of silicon can be utilized to build a highly sensitive, high throughput sensor with small footprint. In this research, we have demonstrated highly compact and sensitive silicon based photonic crystal biosensor by engineering the photonic crystal microcavity in both cavity size and cavity-waveguide coupling condition. We have developed solutions to increase biosensor throughput by integrating multimode interference device and improving the coupling efficiency to a slow light photonic crystal waveguides. We have also performed detailed investigations on silicon based photonic devices at mid-infrared region to develop an ideal platform for highly sensitive optical absorption spectroscopy on chip. The studies have led to the demonstration of the first slot waveguide, the first photonic crystal waveguide, and the first holey photonic crystal waveguide and first slotted photonic crystal waveguide in silicon-on-sapphire at mid-infrared. The solutions and devices we developed in our research could be very useful for people to realize an integrated photonic circuit for biological and chemical sensing in the future.

Download or read book Integrated Photonic Devices for Spectroscopic Chemical Detection written by Derek Matthew Kita and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical sensing systems realized with photonic components integrated on traditional semiconductor substrates have emerged as a promising technology for remote sensing applications that require low cost, low power consumption, light weight, small size, and high-performance. In this thesis, I discuss methods and systems for practical implementations of chip-scale integrated photonic chemical sensors and spectrometers. The work focuses on solutions to a variety of obstacles that have hindered real-world implementations of microphotonic chemical sensors. First, a new chip architecture capable of acquiring high channel count, high resolution optical spectra (200 pm resolution in the telecommunications C-band) is presented both theoretically and experimentally, along with a new 'elastic-D1' regularized regression method for spectrum reconstruction. Next, evanescent field sensing using dielectric waveguides is studied theoretically and numerically, with a special emphasis on sensing performance in the presence of random, fabrication-induced waveguide sidewall roughness. I demonstrate that a locally flat perturbation approximation is valid for typical experimental roughness in silicon-on-insulator platforms, and use a volume-current method to explicitly compute scattering loss rates for a variety of three-dimensional waveguide structures. To then experimentally realize photonic sensing systems, I developed a low-loss (0.36 ± 0.11 dB/cm), quick-turn (16.4 day turnaround) fabrication process for inexpensively prototyping silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits with heaters, etched edge couplers, and opened sensing windows. Using this fabrication process, I present a successful experimental demonstration of a fiber-packaged, waveguideenhanced Raman spectroscopic sensor used for detecting liquids in contact with the surface of the chip via measured Raman peaks from 500 - 3500 cm−1.

Download or read book SiGe Photonic Integrated Circuits for Mid infrared Sensing Applications written by Qiankun Liu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy is a nearly universal way to identify chemical and biological substances, as most of the molecules have their vibrational and rotational resonances in the mid-IR wavelength range. Commercially available mid-IR systems are based on bulky and expensive equipment, while lots of efforts are now devoted to the reduction of their size down to chip-scale dimensions. The use of silicon photonics for the demonstration of mid-IR photonic circuits will benefit from reliable and high-volume fabrication to offer high performance, low cost, compact, lightweight and power consumption photonic circuits, which is particularly interesting for mid-IR spectroscopic sensing systems that need to be portable and low cost. Among the different materials available in silicon photonics, Germanium (Ge) and Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) alloys with a high Ge concentration are particularly interesting because of the wide transparency window of Ge up to 15 μm. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to investigate a new Ge-rich graded SiGe platform for mid-IR photonic circuits. Such new plateform was expected to benefit from a wide transparency wavelength range and a high versatility in terms of optical engineering (effective index, dispersion, ...). During this thesis, different waveguides platforms based on different graded profiles have been investigated. First it has been shown that waveguides with low optical losses of less than 3 dB/cm can be obtained in a wide wavelength range, from 5.5 to 8.5 μm. A proof of concept of sensing based on the absorption of the evanescent component of the optical mode has then been demonstrated. Finally, elementary building blocs have been investigated. The first Bragg mirror-based Fabry Perot cavities and racetrack resonators have been demonstrated around 8 μm wavelength. A broadband dual-polarization MIR integrated spatial heterodyne Fourier-Transform spectrometer has also been obtained. All these results rely on material and device design, clean-room fabrication and experimental characterization. This work was done in the Framework of EU project INsPIRE in collaboration with Pr. Giovanni Isella from Politecnico Di Milano.

Download or read book Integrated Photonic Devices for Trace Gas Sensing and Spectroscopy written by Ali Rostamian and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To keep pace with the ever-increasing demand of integration and miniaturization, it is imperative to redesign conventional optical systems and components and develop new compact ones. Optical spectrometers have been widely adopted as powerful analytical tools showcased by a plethora of applications ranging from medical diagnostics and food analysis to gas and bio-agent sensing and environmental monitoring. Conventional spectroscopy tools require bulky and expensive optical elements, with electronics that result in benchtop systems with limited scope for portability. On-chip spectrometers, on the other hand, are alignment-free and lightweight devices that, unlike their commercially available off-chip counterparts, offer sensing in portable applications and make at-the-sample analysis possible. In this dissertation, chip-scale optical spectrometers with different working principles are studied and implemented. First, an efficient mid-infrared polarization rotator in silicon-on-sapphire is experimentally demonstrated. Since the emission from quantum cascade laser sources is transverse magnetic polarized, this component can be used to convert the polarization state of the light source and couple it into transverse electric photonic components. In chapter 3, we experimentally demonstrate an on-chip Ethyl alcohol sensor based on a holey photonic crystal waveguide on a silicon on insulator platform, offering an enhanced absorption enabled by a slow-light mode and enhanced optical field intensities in the waveguide. In chapter 4, a surface-normal hollow-core photonic crystal waveguide sensor is introduced with a geometry similar to photonic bandgap fibers with perfectly periodic air holes as cladding in a 2-dimensional photonic crystal arrangement that gives rise to bandgaps at specific frequencies and a central defect for strong modal field confinement. On account of the slow-light effect, this device offers a high degree of dispersion control and can be employed for multi-gas detection. Finally, in chapter 5, we present two different devices with single channel geometries that can be used for on-chip spectroscopy. In the first part of this chapter, we present the design and implementation of a cascaded microring-MZI device as a platform for Fourier transform spectroscopy in O-band. In the second part, we demonstrate a device with finely tunable cascaded microdisks offering a platform for on-chip spectroscopy in C-band. Optical devices presented in this dissertation provide a path toward high-performance integrated spectrometers with subcentimeter-scale footprints that enable handheld spectral analysis and more real-life applications

Download or read book Mid infrared Integrated Devices for Optical Chemical Sensing written by Farah Alimagham and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Integrated Bio photonic Devices written by Robin Singh (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical imaging, sensing, and testing are ubiquitous in biology, offering elegant solutions for diagnostic, therapeutic, and theranostic applications. If these optical systems can be built using complex miniaturized photonic systems, then scalability, portability, lower cost, and higher performance can be obtained for real-time monitoring and bedside treatment. My Ph.D. focuses on the design, optimization, low-loss in-house fabrication, and testing of the building blocks of miniaturized photonic devices for three biological applications: 1) Neurophotonic Probes for Deep Brain Photoacoustic Imaging: Conventionally, the implantable probe technology is based on an array of patterned electrodes to monitor electrical signals in the extracellular matrix of deep neural cells. The state-of-art design can successfully record only 100 neurons simultaneously, making it rather slow progress to reach the ultimate goal of probing 100 billion neurons in the human brain! To overcome this bottleneck, we propose an implantable neurophotonic photoacoustic probe architecture that could image about 10000 neurons with cellular resolution. Realized on Michigan style MOEMS technology, the probe consists of photonic waveguide-based meta illuminators for photoacoustic excitation and high-frequency ultrasonic transducers for acoustic detection. The probe is a miniaturized implantable sensing system that improves the depth of penetration ( 8-10 mm) and resolution ( 1-5 [mu]m) in neural imaging. We will discuss imaging feasibility, engineering different optical excitation beam profiles using nanophotonic structures, and will demonstrate an ultrasound detector using an integrated photonics platform. 2) Integrated Optofluidic Sensors for Aerosol Sensing and Blood Coagulometry: We will demonstrate optofluidic sensors for in-situ characterization (size, count, and chemistry) of aerosol and bio-aerosol particles. These photonic sensor designs based on Near-IR and Mid-IR platforms can extract the physical and chemical nature of interacting particles over a broad range of sizes (100 nm to 2 [mu]m in diameter) compared to current integrated photonics-based sensors, that are restricted to molecular or nanoparticle sensing. We also explore these photonic sensors for on-chip blood coagulometry. 3) Machine Learning for Nanophotonic Design: The applications mentioned above require complex photonic structures that can manipulate and guide light waves at the nanoscale. The design space of such nanostructures is often high-dimensional, where conventional design optimization methods fail. We employ machine learning to capture a global optimum in functionality.

Download or read book Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry Applications written by Richard A. Crocombe and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-28 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive resource available on the many applications of portable spectrometers, including material not found in any other published work Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry: Volume Two is an authoritative and up-to-date compendium of the diverse applications for portable spectrometers across numerous disciplines. Whereas Volume One focuses on the specific technologies of the portable spectrometers themselves, Volume Two explores the use of portable instruments in wide range of fields, including pharmaceutical development, clinical research, food analysis, forensic science, geology, astrobiology, cultural heritage and archaeology. Volume Two features contributions by a multidisciplinary team of experts with hands-on experience using portable instruments in their respective areas of expertise. Organized both by instrumentation type and by scientific or technical discipline, 21 detailed chapters cover various applications of portable ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), infrared and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, Raman and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, smartphone spectroscopy, and many others. Filling a significant gap in literature on the subject, the second volume of Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry: Features a significant amount of content published for the first time, or not available in existing literature Brings together work by authors with assorted backgrounds and fields of study Discusses the central role of applications in portable instrument development Covers the algorithms, calibrations, and libraries that are of critical importance to successful applications of portable instruments Includes chapters on portable spectroscopy applications in areas such as the military, agriculture and feed, hazardous materials (HazMat), art conservation, and environmental science Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry: Volume Two is an indispensable resource for developers of portable instruments in universities, research institutes, instrument companies, civilian and government purchasers, trainers, operators of portable instruments, and educators and students in portable spectroscopy courses.

Download or read book Hybrid Nanoplasmonic nanophotonic Devices for On chip Biochemical Sensing and Spectroscopy written by Maysamreza Chamanzar and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid plasmonic-photonic structures were introduced as novel platforms for on-chip biochemical sensing and spectroscopy. By appropriate coupling of photonic and plasmonic modes, a hybrid architecture was realized that can benefit from the advantages of integrated photonics such as the low propagation loss, ultra-high Q modes, and robustness, as well as the advantages of nanoplasmonics such as extreme light localization, large sensitivities, and ultra-high field enhancements to bring about unique performance advantages for efficient on-chip sensing. These structures are highly sensitive and can effectively interact with the target biological and chemical molecules. It was shown that interrogation of single plasmonic nanoparticles is possible using a hybrid waveguide and microresonator-based structure, in which light is efficiently coupled from photonic structures to the integrated plasmonic structures. The design, implementation, and experimental demonstration of hybrid plasmonic-photonic structures for lab-on-chip biochemical sensing applications were discussed. The design goal was to achieve novel, robust, highly efficient, and high-throughput devices for on-chip sensing. The sensing scenarios of interest were label-free refractive index sensing and SERS. Nanofabrication processes were developed to realize the hybrid plasmonic-photonic structures. Silicon nitride was used as the material platform to realize the integrated photonic structure, and gold was used to realize plasmonic nanostructures. Special optical characterization setups were designed and implemented to test the performance of these nanoplasmonic and nanophotonic structures. The integration of the hybrid plasmonic-photonic structures with microfluidics was also optimized and demonstrated. The hybrid plasmonic-photonic-fluidic structures were used to detect different analytes at different concentrations. A complete course of research from design, fabrication, and characterization to demonstration of sensing applications was conducted to realize nanoplasmonic and integrated photonic structures. The novel structures developed in this research can open up new potentials for biochemical sensors with advanced on-chip functionalities and enhanced performances.

Download or read book Near and Mid infrared Integrated Silicon Devices for Sensing Applications written by Lena Simone Fohrmann and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Optical Chemical Sensors written by F. Baldini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-03 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers optical chemical sensing by means of optical waveguides, from the fundamentals to the most recent applications. The book includes a historical review of the development of these sensors, from the earliest laboratory prototypes to the first commercial instrumentations. The book reprints a lecture by the Nobel Laureate Charles Townes on the birth of maser and laser, which lucidly illustrates the development of new science and new technology.

Download or read book INTERNAL REFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY written by N. J. Harrick and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Silicon Mid infrared Waveguide based Bio chemical Sensors written by Yanli Qi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mid infrared Integrated Photonic Devices for Biosensing written by Vinita Mittal and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Integrated Nanophotonics written by Peng Yu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-08-14 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helps readers understand the important advances in nanophotonics materials development and their latest applications This book introduces the current state of and emerging trends in the development of integrated nanophotonics. Written by three well-qualified authors, it systematically reviews the knowledge of integrated nanophotonics from theory to the most recent technological developments. It also covers the applications of integrated nanophotonics in essential areas such as neuromorphic computing, biosensing, and optical communications. Lastly, it brings together the latest advancements in the key principles of photonic integrated circuits, plus the recent advances in tackling the barriers in photonic integrated circuits. Sample topics included in this comprehensive resource include: Platforms for integrated nanophotonics, including lithium niobate nanophotonics, indium phosphide nanophotonics, silicon nanophotonics, and nonlinear optics for integrated photonics The devices and technologies for integrated nanophotonics in on-chip light sources, optical packaging of photonic integrated circuits, optical interconnects, and light processing devices Applications on neuromorphic computing, biosensing, LIDAR, and computing for AI and artificial neural network and deep learning Materials scientists, physicists, and physical chemists can use this book to understand the totality of cutting-edge theory, research, and applications in the field of integrated nanophotonics.

Download or read book Mid infrared Optoelectronics written by Eric Tournié and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-10-19 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mid-infrared Optoelectronics: Materials, Devices, and Applications addresses the new materials, devices and applications that have emerged over the last decade, along with exciting areas of research. Sections cover fundamentals, light sources, photodetectors, new approaches, and the application of mid-IR devices, with sections discussing LEDs, laser diodes, and quantum cascade lasers, mid-infrared optoelectronics, emerging research areas, dilute bismide and nitride alloys, Group-IV materials, gallium nitride heterostructures, and new nonlinear materials. Finally, the most relevant applications of mid-infrared devices are reviewed in industry, gas sensing, spectroscopy, and imaging. This book presents a key reference for materials scientists, engineers and professionals working in R&D in the area of semiconductors and optoelectronics. - Provides a comprehensive overview of mid-infrared photodetectors and light sources and the latest materials and devices - Reviews emerging areas of research in the field of mid-infrared optoelectronics, including new materials, such as wide bandgap materials, chalcogenides and new approaches, like heterogeneous integration - Includes information on the most relevant applications in industry, like gas sensing, spectroscopy and imaging

Download or read book Infrared Spectroscopic Ellipsometry written by Arnulf Röseler and published by VCH. This book was released on 1990 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: