Download or read book Natural Radioactive Disequilibrium of the Uranium Series written by John Nicholas Rosholt and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report concerns work done on behalf of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and is published with the permission of the Commission.
Download or read book Natural radioactive Disequilibrium of the Uranium series written by John Nicholas Rosholt and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Radioactive Disequilibrium of the Uranium Series written by John N. Rosholt (jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Uranium series Disequilibrium written by M. Ivanovich and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this book reflects the rapid growth in the field of uranium-series disequilibrium during the past decade. The new edition presents a comprehensive discussion of theory and analytical methodology, emphasizing applications to problems in the Earth, marine, and environmental sciences where the phenomenon of disruption in naturally occurring decay series has facilitated so much productive research. To this end, the editors have drawn upon the experience and expertise of leading practitioners in each specialized area. This book should thus serve both as a reference text and a practical manual for graduate students and researchers in geochemistry, isotope hydrology, environmental science, sedimentology, Earth science, and archaeology.
Download or read book Natural Uranium and Thorium Series Disequilibrium written by J. K. Osmond and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1982 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs written by David Hopley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-26 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs are the largest landforms built by plants and animals. Their study therefore incorporates a wide range of disciplines. This encyclopedia approaches coral reefs from an earth science perspective, concentrating especially on modern reefs. Currently coral reefs are under high stress, most prominently from climate change with changes to water temperature, sea level and ocean acidification particularly damaging. Modern reefs have evolved through the massive environmental changes of the Quaternary with long periods of exposure during glacially lowered sea level periods and short periods of interglacial growth. The entries in this encyclopedia condense the large amount of work carried out since Charles Darwin first attempted to understand reef evolution. Leading authorities from many countries have contributed to the entries covering areas of geology, geography and ecology, providing comprehensive access to the most up-to-date research on the structure, form and processes operating on Quaternary coral reefs.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geochemistry written by C.P. Marshall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-07-31 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a complete and authoritative reference text on an evolving field. Over 200 international scientists have written over 340 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including organics, trace elements, isotopes, high and low temperature geochemistry, and ore deposits, to name just a few.
Download or read book Uranium Series Disequilibrium in the Bargmann Property Area of Karnes County Texas written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical evidence is presented for natural uranium series radioactive disequilibrium in uranium bearing soils in the Bargmann property area of karnes County on the Gulf Coastal Plain of south Texas. The early history of uranium exploration in the area is recounted and records of disequilibrium before milling and mining operations began are given. The property contains an open pit uranium mine associated with a larger ore body. In 1995, the US Department of Energy (DOE) directed Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to evaluate the Bargmann tract for the presence of uranium mill tailings (ORNL 1996). There was a possibility that mill tailings had washed onto or blown onto the property from the former tailings piles in quantities that would warrant remediation under the Uranium Mill Tailings Remediation Action Project. Activity ratios illustrating disequilibrium between 226Ra and 238U in background soils during 1986 are listed and discussed. Derivations of uranium mass-to-activity conversion factors are covered in detail.
Download or read book Uranium Series Disequilibrium in Radioactive Ores written by John Nicholas Rosholt and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radioactive Disequilibrium Studies as an Aid in Understanding the Natural Migration of Uranium and Its Decay Products written by John Nicholas Rosholt and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book URANIUM SERIES DISEQUILIBRIUM IN TUFF AND GRANITE written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uranium occurs naturally at trace levels in the major rock-forming minerals (quartz, feldspars, micas) in volcanic and plutonic rocks and is concentrated in accessory minerals (zircon, sphene, apatite). It may attain concentrations as high as 1000 ppm in the accessory minerals. Radiometric age determinations on zircon and sphene have shown that uranium migration from these minerals is generally negligible over prolonged periods of geologic time. Zircon grains separated from highly weathered igneous rocks have been found to retain most of their uranium. In contrast, the uranium fixed onto mineral grain boundaries or present in less-resistant minerals such as biotite or hornblende can be readily leached by groundwater. The ubiquitous presence of uranium in a rock makes it an ideal ''natural analogue'' for understanding the mobility of uranium at a potential site for nuclear fuel waste disposal and one that is easily overlooked in the search for suitable analogues for a disposal site. Several of the intermediate radionuclides in the decay series of the two long-lived isotopes of uranium (238U and 235U) have half-lives greater than one year and are, therefore, of geological interest. In a sealed rock mass with no water-rock interactions, all intermediate radionuclides attain radioactive equilibrium with one another within a maximum 1-2 million years. Because rocks of the Yucca Mountain area and the Canadian Shield (both potential sites for nuclear waste disposal in the United States and Canadian programs, respectively) are considerably older, this condition (known as secular equilibrium) should exist in these rocks, and all daughter/parent radionuclide activity ratios should equal unity (1.000). If the ratios are found not to equal unity, then the rock has been disturbed, probably by groundwater transport of more soluble radionuclides into or away from the rock. How recently this migration has occurred can be determined from the half-life of the radionuclide involved. Depending on the analytical precision obtained, the observation of a 234U/238U activity ratio that is less than or greater than 1.000 clearly shows that an isotope of uranium has migrated within the rock in the last 1-2 million years. Other daughter/parent activity ratios can be used to detect radionuclide migration over shorter time-scales, such as 23°Th/234U (300,000 years) and 226Ra/23°Th (8,000 years). Uranium-series disequilibrium is, therefore, a useful technique for application to site evaluation for nuclear fuel waste disposal because it can be used to: (1) show that so-called ''intact rock'' is indeed intact (i.e. radionuclides are in secular equilibrium and are immobile), (2) determine the principal flow regimes in a rock mass by analysis of rock matrix, fracture material, etc., (3) estimate the time period of recent radionuclide migration in the rock, and (4) proxy as a natural analogue for the potential mobility of uranium at the site. Several examples of these applications have been reported. This paper describes the use of uranium-series disequilibrium in the comparison of two North American sites: the water-saturated Lac du Bonnet granite batholith on the Canadian Shield and the unsaturated tuffs from the Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF) and Cross-Drift Tunnels at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. In particular, the fact that unfractured rock should be at secular equilibrium is applied to both sites to determine if the rock matrix is a significant flow path for groundwater.
Download or read book Chronometric Dating in Archaeology written by R.E. Taylor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since World War II, there has been tremendous success in the development of new methods for dating artifacts; the so-called `radiocarbon revolution' was only the first such discovery. The increasing accuracy of the various new techniques has brought about major changes in archaeological research strategies. This important new text compiles the work of some of today's most innovative archaeologists who summarize progress in their respective techniques over the last 30 years - with an emphasis on developments of the last five - and the status of current research.
Download or read book Uranium series Geochemistry written by Bernard Bourdon and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 52 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry updates our knowledge of U-series geochemistry, offer an opportunity for non-specialists to understand its basic principles, and give us a view of the future of this active field of research. In this volume, for the first time, all the methods for determining the uranium and thorium decay chain nuclides in Earth materials are discussed. It was prepared in advance of a two-day short course (April 3-4, 2003) on U-series geochemistry, jointly sponsored by GS and MSA and presented in Paris, France prior to the joint EGS/AGU/EUG meeting in Nice.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology written by Allan S. Gilbert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geoarchaeology is the archaeological subfield that focuses on archaeological information retrieval and problem solving utilizing the methods of geological investigation. Archaeological recovery and analysis are already geoarchaeological in the most fundamental sense because buried remains are contained within and removed from an essentially geological context. Yet geoarchaeological research goes beyond this simple relationship and attempts to build collaborative links between specialists in archaeology and the earth sciences to produce new knowledge about past human behavior using the technical information and methods of the geosciences. The principal goals of geoarchaeology lie in understanding the relationships between humans and their environment. These goals include (1) how cultures adjust to their ecosystem through time, (2) what earth science factors were related to the evolutionary emergence of humankind, and (3) which methodological tools involving analysis of sediments and landforms, documentation and explanation of change in buried materials, and measurement of time will allow access to new aspects of the past. This encyclopedia defines terms, introduces problems, describes techniques, and discusses theory and strategy, all in a format designed to make specialized details accessible to the public as well as practitioners. It covers subjects in environmental archaeology, dating, materials analysis, and paleoecology, all of which represent different sources of specialist knowledge that must be shared in order to reconstruct, analyze, and explain the record of the human past. It will not specifically cover sites, civilizations, and ancient cultures, etc., that are better described in other encyclopedias of world archaeology. The Editor Allan S. Gilbert is Professor of Anthropology at Fordham University in the Bronx, New York. He holds a B.A. from Rutgers University, and his M.A., M.Phil., and Ph.D. were earned at Columbia University. His areas of research interest include the Near East (late prehistory and early historic periods) as well as the Middle Atlantic region of the U.S. (historical archaeology). His specializations are in archaeozoology of the Near East and geoarchaeology, especially mineralogy and compositional analysis of pottery and building materials. Publications have covered a range of subjects, including ancient pastoralism, faunal quantification, skeletal microanatomy, brick geochemistry, and two co-edited volumes on the marine geology and geoarchaeology of the Black Sea basin.
Download or read book Paleoclimatology written by Gilles Ramstein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-09 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume book provides a comprehensive, detailed understanding of paleoclimatology beginning by describing the “proxy data” from which quantitative climate parameters are reconstructed and finally by developing a comprehensive Earth system model able to simulate past climates of the Earth. It compiles contributions from specialists in each field who each have an in-depth knowledge of their particular area of expertise. The first volume is devoted to “Finding, dating and interpreting the evidence”. It describes the different geo-chronological technical methods used in paleoclimatology. Different fields of geosciences such as: stratigraphy, magnetism, dendrochronology, sedimentology, are drawn from and proxy reconstructions from ice sheets, terrestrial (speleothems, lakes, and vegetation) and oceanic data, are used to reconstruct the ancient climates of the Earth. The second volume, entitled “Investigation into ancient climates,” focuses on building comprehensive models of past climate evolution. The chapters are based on understanding the processes driving the evolution of each component of the Earth system (atmosphere, ocean, ice). This volume provides both an analytical understanding of each component using a hierarchy of models (from conceptual to very sophisticated 3D general circulation models) and a synthetic approach incorporating all of these components to explore the evolution of the Earth as a global system. As a whole this book provides the reader with a complete view of data reconstruction and modeling of the climate of the Earth from deep time to present day with even an excursion to include impacts on future climate.
Download or read book Studies of Cave Sediments written by Ira D. Sasowsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John E. Mylroie and Ira D. Sasowsky' Caves occupy incongruous positions in both our culture and our science. The oldest records of modem human culture are the vivid cave paintings from southern France and northern Spain, which are in some cases more than 30,000 years old (Chauvet, et ai, 1996). Yet, to call someone a "caveman" is to declare them primitive and ignorant. Caves, being cryptic and mysterious, occupied important roles in many cultures. For example, Greece, a country with abundant karst, had the oracle at Delphi and Hades the god of death working from caves. People are both drawn to and mortified by caves. Written records ofcave exploration exist from as early as 852 BC (Shaw, 1992). In the decade of the 1920's, which was rich in news events, the second biggest story (as measured by column inches of newsprint) was the entrapment of Floyd Collins in Sand Cave, Kentucky, USA. This was surpassed only by Lindbergh's flight across the Atlantic (Murray and Brucker, 1979).
Download or read book Evaluation of Guidelines for Exposures to Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-25 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naturally occurring radionuclides are found throughout the earth's crust, and they form part of the natural background of radiation to which all humans are exposed. Many human activities-such as mining and milling of ores, extraction of petroleum products, use of groundwater for domestic purposes, and living in houses-alter the natural background of radiation either by moving naturally occurring radionuclides from inaccessible locations to locations where humans are present or by concentrating the radionuclides in the exposure environment. Such alterations of the natural environment can increase, sometimes substantially, radiation exposures of the public. Exposures of the public to naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) that result from human activities that alter the natural environment can be subjected to regulatory control, at least to some degree. The regulation of public exposures to such technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other regulatory and advisory organizations is the subject of this study by the National Research Council's Committee on the Evaluation of EPA Guidelines for Exposures to Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials.