Download or read book Natural Disturbance and Plant Establishment in an Andean Cloud Forest written by Cristián Samper K. and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Andean Cloud Forest written by Randall W. Myster and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A book focused solely on Andean Cloud Forests (ACF) has never been published. ACF are high biodiversity ecosystems in the Neotropics with a large proportion of endemic species, and are important for the hydrology of entire regions. They provide water for large parts of the Amazon basin, for example. Here I take advantage of my many years working in ACF in Ecuador, to edit this book that contains the following sections: (1) ACF over space and time, (2) Hydrology, (3) Light and the Carbon cycle, (4) Soil, litter, fungi and nutrient cycling, (5) Plants, (6) Animals, and (7) Human impacts and management. Under this premise, international experts contributed chapters that consist of reviews of what is known about their topic, of what research they have done, and of what needs to be done in the future. This work is suitable for graduate students, professors, scientists, and researcher-oriented managers.
Download or read book Seed Fate written by J. E. Lambert and published by CABI. This book was released on 2005 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current knowledge of seed fate in both natural and human-disturbed landscapes, from various regions of the world. Habitats considered range from mountain and arid deserts in the temperate zone, to savanna and lowland rainforests in tropical regions of the world. Particular attention is paid to plant diversity conservation when seed removal is affected by factors such as hunting, habitat fragmentation or intensive logging. Contributors include leading scientists involved in research on seed ecology and on animal-plant relationships from the perspective of both primary and secondary seed dispersal, and predation.
Download or read book Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology written by Stephen S. Mulkey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking readers out of the laboratory and into the humid tropical forests, this comprehensive volume explores the most recent advances occurring in tropical plant ecophysiology. Drawing on the knowledge of leading practitioners in the field, this book synthesizes a broad range of information on the ways in which tropical plants adapt to their environment and demonstrate unique physiological processes. This book is arranged into four sections which cover resource acquisition, species interactions, ecophysiological patterns within and among tropical forest communities, and the ecophysiology of forest regeneration. These sections describe plant function in relation to ecology across a wide spectrum of tropical forest species and growth forms. How do different species harvest and utilize resources from heterogeneous tropical environments? How do patterns of functional diversity reflect the overwhelming taxonomic and morphological diversity of tropical forest plants? Such fundamental questions are examined in rich detail. To illuminate the discussions further, every chapter in this book features an agenda for future research, extensive cross referencing, timely references, and the integration of ecophysiology and the demography of tropical species where the data exist. Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology provides plant scientists, botanists, researchers, and graduate students with important insights into the behavior of tropical plants. Biologists and foresters interested in tropical ecology and plant physiological ecologists will also benefit from this authoritative and timely resource.
Download or read book Seeds written by Carol C. Baskin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 1601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of Seeds contains new information on many topics discussed in the first edition, such as fruit/seed heteromorphism, breaking of physical dormancy and effects of inbreeding depression on germination. New topics have been added to each chapter, including dichotomous keys to types of seeds and kinds of dormancy; a hierarchical dormancy classification system; role of seed banks in restoration of plant communities; and seed germination in relation to parental effects, pollen competition, local adaption, climate change and karrikinolide in smoke from burning plants. The database for the world biogeography of seed dormancy has been expanded from 3,580 to about 13,600 species. New insights are presented on seed dormancy and germination ecology of species with specialized life cycles or habitat requirements such as orchids, parasitic, aquatics and halophytes. Information from various fields of science has been combined with seed dormancy data to increase our understanding of the evolutionary/phylogenetic origins and relationships of the various kinds of seed dormancy (and nondormancy) and the conditions under which each may have evolved. This comprehensive synthesis of information on the ecology, biogeography and evolution of seeds provides a thorough overview of whole-seed biology that will facilitate and help focus research efforts. Most wide-ranging and thorough account of whole-seed dormancy available Contains information on dormancy and germination of more than 14,000 species from all the continents – even the two angiosperm species native to the Antarctica continent Includes a taxonomic index so researchers can quickly find information on their study organism(s) and Provides a dichotomous key for the kinds of seed dormancy Topics range from fossil evidence of seed dormancy to molecular biology of seed dormancy Much attention is given to the evolution of kinds of seed dormancy Includes chapters on the basics of how to do seed dormancy studies; on special groups of plants, for example orchids, parasites, aquatics, halophytes; and one chapter devoted to soil seed banks Contains a revised, up-dated classification scheme of seed dormancy, including a formula for each kind of dormancy Detailed attention is given to physiological dormancy, the most common kind of dormancy on earth
Download or read book Central Andean Vegetation Response to Rapid Paleoclimate Changes written by Nicole Alana Sublette Mosblech and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key question for biologists, conservationists and resource planners is how Andean forests will respond to predicted climate extremes within the current century. Unfortunately, little is understood regarding past extreme climate events in the Central Andes and the response of Andean plant communities to them. Do vegetational changes arise from sudden changes in climate, or can they occur after a period of steady, incremental change, when a climatic threshold is exceeded? These predictions were tested in the tropical Andes, one of the richest regions of biodiversity on the planet. The study spanned the Late Pleistocene (c. 94 thousand years ago, or ka) to modern time. The potential causes of rapid vegetational change obtained from the fossil pollen of lake sediments compared with the indices of climate change measured in the isotopic content of stalagmites. As humans have become an important factor in the Andean forest landscape in the last several millennia, their impact on the response of Andean forest communities to climate and the likelihood of abrupt ecological change was also studied. A new [delta]18O record from the western Amazon (-3.02°, -78.14°, 980 meters above sea level or masl) revealed significant climatic oscillations within the aseasonal region of the Amazon Basin from c. 94-6 ka. A second cave stalagmite record from the eastern Andes (-5.70°, -77.90°, 1920 masl) revealed relative climatic stability buffered by long-term cloud presence from c. 17 ka to the present. Both isotopic records revealed variations in precipitation and South American Summer Monsoon conditions driven by precessional isolation. The records also revealed finer-scale variability and abrupt events primarily driven by the North Atlantic, which were manifested within the tropics via latitudinal shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone. An abrupt, wet-climate event was identified within the southern Neotropics at c. 13 ka, which may have been related to the Antarctic climatic oscillations just prior to the Younger Dryas. A rapid shift toward sustained Andean aridity at c. 11 ka was also observed in other isotopic records. The response of vegetation to climate and human actions was investigated via fossil pollen and charcoal recovered from three ancient lakes. Ecological variability within cloud forests of northern Peru responded to the fluctuations in El Niño Southern Oscillation activity. The oldest fossil pollen evidence of maize agriculture within Andean cloud forests was identified c. 3.2 ka. Changing precipitation conditions appeared to change the human use at all lake sites, prompting switches in staple crops and contributing to the establishment of agroforestry c. 1.2 ka. Comparisons of high-resolution, independently-dated paleoclimate and paleoecological records indicated that, for at least the last 15 ka, Andean forests responded quickly to abrupt, large climate events. In each case, the ecological response was non-linear and longer lasting than the underlying climate event, requiring nearly twice as long as the climate event to return to an approximate equilibrium with environmental conditions in the absence of human disturbance. No abrupt shifts in Andean forest communities were observed in response to gradual climatic changes. Regional coherence of paleoecological shifts within southern Ecuador and both northern and southern Peru clearly indicated human control over Andean mid-elevational landscapes in the late Holocene by c. 4 ka. Humans impacted the local forest communities by disrupting the natural cycle of climatic change and the ecological responses. As a consequence, Andean forests have displayed a clear compositional shift which are presently dominated by taxa well-adapted to disturbance and fire. Increased external stressors, including greater fire frequencies, have reduced the resilience of montane forests, making abrupt change to smaller-magnitude climate events more probable than in the past.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-11 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Journal of Botany written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cloud Forest Agenda written by Philip Bubb and published by United Nations Environment Programme. This book was released on 2004 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cloud Forest Agenda report is designed to stimulate new initiatives and partnerships for the conservation and restoration of tropical cloud forests around the world. It provides global maps of cloud forests, alongside information on their biodiversity and watershed importance, a regional analysis of the threats to cloud forests and discussion on cloud forest conservation and livelihoods. The report concludes with an agenda for action, identifying global to national priorities and opportunities. Publishing Agency: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
Download or read book Replanting a Future written by Sarah Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Can community-based tree planting effectively restore and conserve biodiverse cloud forest in the Andes? This dissertation seeks to answer this question through a multi-site study in the Intag Valley in northwest Ecuador, a heavily deforested global biodiversity 'hotspot.' Here, working with a local NGO, communities began planting trees to restore cloud forests in the early 2000s. I visited Intag in 2010 and 2011, where, using mixed methods from the natural and social sciences, I quantified local land-use and -cover changes with satellite images from 1991, 2001, and 2010; compared tree diversity in multiple patches of primary, planted, and naturally regenerating forest; and assessed community participation in cloud forest replanting based on household interviews, focus groups and oral histories in four communities. These analyses enabled me to answer four related questions: 1) do communities reforest and deforest simultaneously?; 2) how heterogeneous are tree communities in remnant Andean cloud forests, and what strategies are needed to conserve landscape biodiversity?; 3) can community-based restoration accelerate cloud forest recovery?; and, 4) who participates in tree planting, why do they choose to do so, and does it benefit their lives and livelihoods? Results indicate that deforestation slowed considerably between 2001 and 2010. Although people continued to clear primary forest in the highlands, forests regrew around communities, resulting in a net cover increase - a local 'forest transition.' This spatial shift in forests is partly explained by people's reasons for restoring them. Following deforestation, a decline in key ecosystem services - especially water - threatened their ability to farm, spurring people to work with a local NGO to plant trees in communal watershed reserves. Many households then applied newly acquired arboricultural knowledge and techniques on their farms, implementing innovative tree-based systems to restore soils and water availability. Tree planting accelerated forest recovery, increasing tree diversity and 'jump-starting' succession in communal reserves. But young planted forests, with their high proportion of locally useful species, are still 'novel' in this landscape, remaining ecologically distinct from the highly diverse and spatially variable primary forests. So, can restoration be 'win-win' for cloud forests and Andean farmers? In heavily deforested regions, the answer suggested by this study is 'yes.' Restoration has limitations - results suggest that it cannot replace, nor assure, the conservation of primary cloud forests. But because restoration ultimately aided forest recovery, increased tree diversity, and had high participation rates, this case study identifies a number of important synergies between rural livelihoods and biodiversity conservation mediated through the practice of cultivating trees. Driven by local ecosystem service scarcity, this 'crisis restoration' was an integral part of a local movement to renew and sustain farming culture, and created forests for which people feel a sense of stewardship, ownership and pride. This model of restoration thus holds considerable potential to benefit rural farmers and restore biodiversity across the many heavily deforested regions of the Andes." --
Download or read book Monteverde written by Nalini M. Nadkarni and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-09 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve has captured the worldwide attention of biologists, conservationists, and ecologists and has been the setting for extensive investigation over the past 30 years. Roughly 40,000 ecotourists visit the Cloud Forest each year, and it is often considered the archetypal high-altitude rain forest.This volume brings together some of the most prominent researchers of the region to provide a broad introduction to the biology of the Monteverde, and cloud forests in general. Collecting and synthesizing vital information about the ecosystem and its biota, the book also examines the positive and negative effects of human activity on both the forest and the surrounding communities. Ecologists, tropical biologists, and natural historians will find this volume an indispensable resource, as will all those who are fascinated by the magnificent wonders of the tropical forests.
Download or read book Impacts of forestation on water and soils in the Andes written by Bonnesoeur, V. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key messages This brief summarizes the findings of a systematic review on the impacts of forestation on water and soils in the Andes (detailed in Bonnesoeur et al., 2018).Exotic tree plantations and, to a lesser extent, nativ
Download or read book Plant Diversity of an Andean Cloud Forest written by Grady L. Webster and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2001-04-26 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on work spanning a decade, this study of the Maquipucuna area on the western slopes of the Andes discusses the climate, vegetation, ecological relationships, and flora, and emphasizes the importance of the Maquipucuna area as a biological reserve. In addition to the checklist of the flora, which enumerates 1,650 species (including 228 species of pteridophytes and over 200 species of orchids), appendices give information on floristic composition of communities, distribution of epiphytes, and elevational ranges of families and genera. The illustrations include a map, landscapes, and characteristic species.
Download or read book Biodiversity and Conservation of Neotropical Montane Forests written by Steven P. Churchill and published by New York Botanical Garden Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mountain plants, Andes Region.
Download or read book Biophysical Characterization of Cloud Forest Vegetation in the Venezuelan Andes written by Teresa Schwartzkopf and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecosystem and Species Adaptations in the Andean Amazonian Region written by Ana Sabogal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-30 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on ecosystems and species adaptations in the unique Peruvian Andean-Amazonian region. The presence of the Andes as the backbone is the cause of the huge ecosystem diversity and biodiversity of species that characterize the Andean-Amazonian ecosystems. The complex orography of Peru as results of the Andes presence in its tropical setting favors the occurrence of local climatic features that provide diverse environmental conditions for multiple, unique plant and animal species, many of them endemic to the Andes. The book will introduce the reader to the climatic history and geography of the Peruvian Andes and the Peruvian Natural Areas Protection system focusing on the Manu and Northwest biosphere reserves given their relevant ecological importance as well as the relationship between them and the local population. Important global topics like urbanization, deglaciation and global warming will be analyzed and discussed due to their impact in the Andes-Amazon ecosystems. Finally, the traditional land-use systems, agrobiodiversity and agrodiversity in Peru are present and linked with the climate change adaptations.
Download or read book Processes and Patterns of Erosion in Natural and Disturbed Andean Forest Ecosystems written by Marinus Vis and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
