Download or read book Reconstructing Syntax written by Jóhanna Barðdal and published by Brill's Studies in Historical. This book was released on 2020 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "During several decades, syntactic reconstruction has been more or less regarded as a bootless and an unsuccessful venture, not least due to the heavy criticism in the 1970s from scholars like Watkins, Jeffers, Lightfoot, etc. This fallacious view culminated in Lightfoot's (2002: 625) conclusion: "[i]f somebody thinks that they can reconstruct grammars more successfully and in more widespread fashion, let them tell us their methods and show us their results. Then we'll eat the pudding." This volume provides methods for the identification of i) cognates in syntax, and ii) the directionality of syntactic change, showcasing the results in the introduction and eight articles. These examples are offered as both tastier and also more nourishing than the pudding Lightfoot had in mind when discarding the viability of reconstructing syntax"--
Download or read book The Brokered World written by Simon Schaffer and published by Science History Publications/USA. This book was released on 2009 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection of essays focusing on the roles of intermediaries such as brokers and spies, messengers and translators, missionaries and entrepreneurs, in linking different parts of the ever more densely entangled systems of knowledge production and circulation at a key moment in the development of global scientific, commercial and political systems. The period 1770-1820 was decisive for the reformation of imperial projects in the wake of military catastrophe and politico-economic crisis, both in the Atlantic and the Asian/Pacific spheres -- economic and political worlds dominated by complex trade systems and violent contest. This conjuncture also saw the overhaul of networks and institutions of natural knowledge, whether commercial, voluntary or organs of state. Both the industrial and the second scientific revolutions have been dated to this moment. New and decisive relations were forged between different cultures' knowledge carriers. The authors consider knowledge movements of the epoch that escape simple models of metropolitan centre and remote colonial periphery. They question the immutable character of mediators and agents in knowledge communication.
Download or read book Auxiliary Selection Revisited written by Rolf Kailuweit and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A central debate about the description of auxiliary selection concerns the regularity of auxiliary selection from a typological perspective. Thus, studies of auxiliary selection have both stressed the fact that certain recurrent parameters are highly relevant to the description of auxiliary selection, whereas other studies demonstrate significant differences in auxiliary selection systems. By integrating the synchronic and diachronic levels of linguistic description, the papers in the present volume work towards a framework that explains these contradictory findings. They discuss the role of semantic and syntactic constraints in gradient auxiliary selection, address the question of paradigmaticity of the have-be alternation, and shed light on the mechanisms of the gradual historical change from be- to have-selection. The volume thus puts forth a row of innovative theoretical and empirical findings from a wide range of typologically diverse European languages that substantially broaden our knowledge about the mechanisms of auxiliary selection systems.
Download or read book The Useful Plants of India written by S. P. Ambasta and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MICHAELIS dicionario ilustrado written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 1151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Changing Languages of Europe written by Bernd Heine and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Professor Heine and Professor Kuteva look for the causes of linguistic change in cultural and economic exchanges across national and regional boundaries and in the processes that occur when speakers learn or are in close contact with another language. Testing their data and conclusions against findings from elsewhere in the world, the authors reconstruct and reveal when, how, and why common grammatical structures have evolved and continue to evolve in processes of change that will, they argue, transform the linguistic landscape of Europe." "The book is written in clear, non-technical language. It will appeal to scholars and students of language change and variation in Europe and elsewhere. It will also interest everyone concerned to understand the nature of language and language change."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Food and Fruit bearing Forest Species written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Forest Resources Development Branch and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1986 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historical Development of Auxiliaries written by Martin Harris and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1987 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks, as well as studies that provide new insights by approaching language from an interdisciplinary perspective. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing. To discuss your book idea or submit a proposal, please contact Birgit Sievert.
Download or read book Auxiliation written by Tania Kuteva and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Probing the nature of grammaticalisation on the basis of an in-depth study of the process of auxiliation, this book brings together the explanatory potential of recent grammaticalisation theory and insights from the latest psychological studies.
Download or read book Huastec Mayan Ethnobotany written by Janis B. Alcorn and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Developing Teaching and Learning written by Bob Burkill and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An invaluable resource for all teachers seeking to update and improve their professional skills. Written in a lively, accessible style the authors draw heavily from the experience of teachers they have worked with in different parts of the world. The book's thought-provoking contents will be an invaluable resource not only for Certificate candidates but for all teachers and trainers who are seeking to update and improve their professional practice.
Download or read book Underexploited Tropical Plants with Promising Economic Value written by National Research Council and published by The Minerva Group, Inc.. This book was released on 2002-06 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a report on plants that show promise for improving the quality of life in tropical areas. Because the countries in this zone contain most of the world?s low-income populations this report is addressed to those government administrators, technical assistance personnel, and researchers in agriculture, nutrition and related disciplines who are concerned with helping developing countries achieve a more efficient and balanced exploitation of their biological resources.The 36 plants described here were selected from among 400 nominated by plant scientists around the world. (To keep the project to manageable size, medicinal plants and timber species were excluded.)
Download or read book Auxiliary Selection in Spanish written by Malte Rosemeyer and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although usage-based linguistics emphasises the need for studies of language change to take frequency effects into account, there is a lack of research that tries to systematically model frequency effects and their relation to diffusion processes in language change. This monograph offers a diachronic study of the change in Spanish perfect auxiliary selection between Old and Early Modern Spanish that led to the gradual replacement of the auxiliary ser ‘be’ with the auxiliary haber ‘have’. It analyses this process in terms of the interaction between gradience, gradualness, and the conserving effects of frequency and persistence in language change. The study contributes to the theory and methodology of diachronic linguistics, additionally offering insights on how to explain synchronic grammatical variation both within a language and between languages. The book is of interest to the fields of Spanish and Romance linguistics, syntax, as well as historical and variationist linguistics.
Download or read book The Dynamics of Lexical Interfaces written by Ruth M. Kempson and published by Center for the Study of Langua. This book was released on 2011 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: the dynamics of lexical interfaces / Ruth Kempson, Eleni Gregoromichelaki, and Christine Howes: I Applying the framework : SiSwati Clefts: The Meeting Ground of Context and Contrast / Ruth Kempson, Lutz Marten and Nhlanhla Thwala -- The prosody of Bemba relative clauses / Nancy C. Kula & Lutz Marten -- Future Constructions in Medieval Spanish / Miriam Bouzouita -- Towards A Dynamic Typology of Passives / Yicheng Wu -- Word-order variation in Korean / Jieun Kiaer -- Local Ambiguity, Search Strategies and Parsing in DS / Yo Sato -- II New departures: Conditionals in Dynamic Syntax / Eleni Gregoromichelaki -- Towards an account of the English Auxiliary System / Ronnie Cann -- A Dynamic Account of Clitic Climbing: A first sketch / Stergios Chatzikyriakidis -- The bei construction in Chinese: a dynamic approach / Ronnie Cann and Yicheng Wu.
Download or read book Split Intransitivity in Italian written by Delia Bentley and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-07-13 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Split intransitivity has received a great deal of attention in theoretical linguistics since the formulation of the Unaccusative Hypothesis by David Perlmutter (1978). This book provides an in-depth investigation of split intransitivity as it occurs in Italian. The principal proposal is that the manifestations of split intransitivity in Italian, whilst being variously constrained by well-formedness conditions on the encoding of information structure, primarily derive from the tension between accusative (syntactic) and active (semantic) alignment. In contrast to approaches which consider the selection of the perfective operator to be the primary diagnostic of unaccusative or unergative syntax, this study identifies two morphosemantic domains in intransitive constructions on the basis of the analysis of a cluster of related phenomena (including agreement, argument suppression, ne -cliticization, past-participle behaviour, the morphosyntax of experiencer predicates and word order, as well as the selection of the perfective operator). Analysing the degree to which semantic, syntactic and discourse factors interact in determining each manifestation of split intransitivity, this work captures successfully the mismatches in the scope of the various diagnostics. Drawing upon insights provided by Role and Reference Grammar, and relying on corpus-based evidence and crossdialectal comparison, this study makes new empirical and theoretical contributions to the debate on split intransitivity. The book is accessible to linguists of all theoretical persuasions and will make stimulating reading for researchers and scholars in Italian and Romance linguistics, typology and theoretical linguistics.
Download or read book Principles of Syntactic Reconstruction written by Gisella Ferraresi and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of state-of-the-art papers in the field of syntactic reconstruction. It treats a range of topics which are representative of current debates in historical syntax. The novelty and merit of the present book is, the editors believe, that, in contrast to most previous work on diachronic syntax, it combines the perspectives of the traditional philological research on syntactic reconstruction with the insights of modern syntactic theory, as it is emphasised in the Foreword by Giuseppe Longobardi. The volume includes articles by well-recognized researchers in historical linguistics with a focus on syntactic change. In the present volume syntactic reconstruction is discussed from a variety of angles, including historical linguistics, phenomena of language contact, generative approaches as well as typological and variationist research. In the articles, languages from a diverse range of families are discussed, including Indo-European, North and South Caucasian, Sino-Tibetan, and Turkic.
Download or read book Grammatical Change written by Dianne Jonas and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book advances research on grammatical change and shows the breadth and liveliness of the field. International scholars report on the nature and outcomes of all aspects of syntactic change, including grammaticalization, variation, syntactic movement, determiner-phrase syntax, pronominal systems, case systems, negation, and alignment.
