Download or read book Multiple Task Performance written by D Damos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-10-07 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection combines contributions from academics and human factor specialists upon the theme of multiple-task performance - the ability of the mind to control several actions simultaneously.

Download or read book Multiple Task Performance written by D Damos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with theories of multiple-task performance and focuses on learning and performance. It is primarily for professionals in human factors, psychology, or engineering who are interested in multiple-task performance but have no formal training in the area.

Download or read book Modeling Human and Organizational Behavior written by Panel on Modeling Human Behavior and Command Decision Making: Representations for Military Simulations and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-08-14 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simulations are widely used in the military for training personnel, analyzing proposed equipment, and rehearsing missions, and these simulations need realistic models of human behavior. This book draws together a wide variety of theoretical and applied research in human behavior modeling that can be considered for use in those simulations. It covers behavior at the individual, unit, and command level. At the individual soldier level, the topics covered include attention, learning, memory, decisionmaking, perception, situation awareness, and planning. At the unit level, the focus is on command and control. The book provides short-, medium-, and long-term goals for research and development of more realistic models of human behavior.

Download or read book Multitasking Executive Functioning in Dual Task and Task Switching Situations written by Tilo Strobach and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multitasking refers to performance of multiple tasks. The most prominent types of multitasking are situations including either temporal overlap of the execution of multiple tasks (i.e., dual tasking) or executing multiple tasks in varying sequences (i.e., task switching). In the literature, numerous attempts have aimed at theorizing about the specific characteristics of executive functions that control interference between simultaneously and/or sequentially active component of task-sets in these situations. However, these approaches have been rather vague regarding explanatory concepts (e.g., task-set inhibition, preparation, shielding, capacity limitation), widely lacking theories on detailed mechanisms and/ or empirical evidence for specific subcomponents. The present research topic aims at providing a selection of contributions on the details of executive functioning in dual-task and task switching situations. The contributions specify these executive functions by focusing on (1) fractionating assumed mechanisms into constituent subcomponents, (2) their variations by age or in clinical subpopulations, and/ or (3) their plasticity as a response to practice and training.

Download or read book A Computational Theory of Executive Cognitive Processes and Human Multiple Task Performance Part 1 Basic Mechanisms written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Persistent controversies about human multiple task performance suggest that research on it will benefit from increased use of precise computational models. Toward this objective, the present report outlines a comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding and predicting the performance of concurrent perceptual motor and cognitive tasks. The framework involves an Executive Process Interactive Control (EPIC) architecture, which has component modules that process information at perceptual, cognitive, and motor levels. On the basis of EPIC, computational models that use a production system formalism may be constructed to simulate multiple task performance under a variety of conditions. These models account well for reaction time data from representative paradigms such as the psychological refractory period (PRP) procedure. With modest numbers of parameters, good fits between empirical and simulated reaction times support several key conclusions: (1) at a cognitive level, people can apply distinct sets of production rules simultaneously for executing the procedures of multiple tasks; (2) there is no immutable central response selection or decision bottleneck; (3) people's capacity to process information and take action at peripheral perceptual motor levels is limited; (4) to cope with such limits and to satisfy task priorities, flexible scheduling strategies are used; (5) these strategies are mediated by executive cognitive processes that coordinate concurrent tasks adaptively. The initial success of EPIC and models based on it suggest that they may help characterize multiple task performance across many domains, including ones that have substantial practical relevance.

Download or read book The Multitasking Mind written by Dario D. Salvucci and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the theory of threaded cognition, a theory that aims to explain the multitasking mind. The theory states that multitasking behavior can be expressed as cognitive threads-independent streams of thought that weave through the mind's processing resources to produce multitasking behavior, and sometimes experience conflicts to produce multitasking interference. Grounded in the ACT-R cognitive architecture, threaded cognition incorporates computational representations and mechanisms used to simulate and predict multitasking behavior and performance.

Download or read book Control of Cognitive Processes written by Stephen Monsell and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thirty-two contributions discuss evidence from psychological experiments with healthy and brain-damaged subjects, functional imaging, electrophysiology, and computational modeling.

Download or read book Multiple Task Performance A Critical Review of the Literature and a Cognitive Neuroscience Framework written by J. E. Korteling and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In our modern society, technological developments have altered the nature of jobs and tasks. In many work situations, operators are required to monitor, control, and manipulate information via complex technological systems. Such systems typically involve performance of several tasks in a limited period of time. In order to be able to optimize such technological systems, knowledge with regard to complex-task performance is needed, based on which technical products, processes, and systems involved in daily life can be matched to the capabilities and limitations of people.

Download or read book Response Strategies and Individual Differences in Multiple Task Performance written by Diane L. Damos and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three experiments examining individual differences in multiple-task performance are presented. Experiment I examined whether the response strategies used to perform two discrete information processing tasks reflected individual differences in information processing at high levels of workload or simply were selected at random. Each subject's response strategy first was identified as either a simultaneous, an alternating, or a massed strategy. Then some of the subjects were asked to change strategy. The results indicated that the massed response strategy subjects had less well developed timesharing skills and were not able to process information under multiple-task conditions as well as the other subjects regardless of the response strategy used. The results were interpreted as evidence that response strategies represent fundamental differences in multiple-task information processing. Experiments II and III attempted to locate the source of the differences observed in Experiment I. Experiment II examined the relation between multiple-task performance in two different task combinations and cerebral lateralizatoin, multiple-limb coordination, and four tests of cognitive style. No significant relations were found.

Download or read book Multiple task Performance and Aging written by J. E. Korteling and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Human Multiple task Performance in Cell phone Usage and Driving written by Cerita Diane Jones and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book On Task written by David Badre and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look at the extraordinary ways the brain turns thoughts into actions—and how this shapes our everyday lives Why is it hard to text and drive at the same time? How do you resist eating that extra piece of cake? Why does staring at a tax form feel mentally exhausting? Why can your child expertly fix the computer and yet still forget to put on a coat? From making a cup of coffee to buying a house to changing the world around them, humans are uniquely able to execute necessary actions. How do we do it? Or in other words, how do our brains get things done? In On Task, cognitive neuroscientist David Badre presents the first authoritative introduction to the neuroscience of cognitive control—the remarkable ways that our brains devise sophisticated actions to achieve our goals. We barely notice this routine part of our lives. Yet, cognitive control, also known as executive function, is an astonishing phenomenon that has a profound impact on our well-being. Drawing on cutting-edge research, vivid clinical case studies, and examples from daily life, Badre sheds light on the evolution and inner workings of cognitive control. He examines issues from multitasking and willpower to habitual errors and bad decision making, as well as what happens as our brains develop in childhood and change as we age—and what happens when cognitive control breaks down. Ultimately, Badre shows that cognitive control affects just about everything we do. A revelatory look at how billions of neurons collectively translate abstract ideas into concrete plans, On Task offers an eye-opening investigation into the brain’s critical role in human behavior.

Download or read book Transfretasse legitur in duabus navibus written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Attention and Performance XVII written by Daniel Gopher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1966 the first meeting of the Association for the Study of Attention and Performance was held in the Netherlands to promote the emerging science of cognitive psychology. This volume is based on the most recent conference, held in Israel thirty years later. The focus of the conference was the interaction between theory and application. The organizers chose the specific topic, cognitive regulation of performance, because it is an area where contemporary theories of cognitive processes meet the everyday challenges posed by human interactions with complex systems. Present-day technological systems impose on the operator a variety of supervisory functions, such as input and output monitoring, allocation of cognitive resources, choice of strategies, and regulation of cognitive operations. A challenge for engineers and designers is to accommodate the cognitive requirements called for by these systems. The book is divided into four sections: the presentation and representation of information, cognitive regulation of acquisition and performance, consciousness and behavior, and special populations: aging and neurological disorders. Contributors Nicole D. Anderson, Moshe Bar, Lynn Bardell, Alice E. Barnes, Irving Biederman, Robert A. Bjork, Richard A. Block, Fergus I. M. Craik, Heiner Deubel, John Dunlosky, Ido Erev, Ronald Fisher, John M. Flach, Barry Goettl, Morris Goldsmith, Daniel Gopher, Lynn Hasher, Okihide Hikosaka, Larry L. Jacoby, Peter Kalocsai, Colleen Kelley, David E. Kieras, Roberta Klatzky, Asher Koriat, Arthur F. Kramer, Elisabetta Ladavas, John L. Larish, Susan J. Lederman, John Long, Cynthia P. May, Guiliana Mazzoni, Brian McElree, David Meyer, Satoru Miyauchi, Neville Moray, Louis Narens, Thomas O. Nelson, Raymond S. Nickerson, Lynne Reder, J. Wesley Regian, Ian Robertson, Wolfgang Schneider, Christian D. Schunn, Wayne Shebilske, Shinsuke Shimojo, Suresh Subramaniam, Tom N. Trainham, Jehoshua Tsal, Timothy A. Weber, Christopher Wickens, Rose T. Zacks, Dan Zakay

Download or read book Adaptive Executive Control Flexible Human Multiple Task Performance Without Pervasive Immutable Response Selection Bottlenecks written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new theoretical framework, the EPIC(Executive-Process/Interactive-Control) architecture, provides the basis for accurate detailed computational models of human multiple-task performance. Contrary to the traditional response-selection bottleneck hypothesis, EPIC's cognitive processor can select responses and do other procedural operations simultaneously for multiple concurrent tasks. Using this capacity together with flexible executive control of peripheral perceptual - motor components, EPIC computational models account well for various patterns of mean reaction times, systematic. individual differences in multiple-task performance, and influences of special training on people's task-coordination strategies. These diverse phenomena, and EPIC's success at modeling them, raise strong doubts about the existence of a pervasive immutable response-selection bottleneck in the human information-processing system. The present research therefore helps further characterize the nature of discrete versus continuous information processing.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning written by Norbert M. Seel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 3643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences.

Download or read book Multitasking Executive Functioning in Dual Task and Task Switching Situations written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multitasking refers to performance of multiple tasks. The most prominent types of multitasking are situations including either temporal overlap of the execution of multiple tasks (i.e., dual tasking) or executing multiple tasks in varying sequences (i.e., task switching). In the literature, numerous attempts have aimed at theorizing about the specific characteristics of executive functions that control interference between simultaneously and/or sequentially active component of task-sets in these situations. However, these approaches have been rather vague regarding explanatory concepts (e.g., task-set inhibition, preparation, shielding, capacity limitation), widely lacking theories on detailed mechanisms and/ or empirical evidence for specific subcomponents. The present research topic aims at providing a selection of contributions on the details of executive functioning in dual-task and task switching situations. The contributions specify these executive functions by focusing on (1) fractionating assumed mechanisms into constituent subcomponents, (2) their variations by age or in clinical subpopulations, and/ or (3) their plasticity as a response to practice and training.