Download or read book Mud Brick and Earth Building the Chinese Way written by Ron Edwards and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for and tested in Australian conditions. The Chinese are the world's greatest builders in earth, using it for everything from humble hen houses to the Great Wall. There are an estimated 90 million earth homes in China. Here are the various methods of earth building and Chinese techniques which will be of great interest to anyone planning on building in earth. MUD BRICKS can be laid in various ways to create very strong walls. One worker can make 500 bricks in a day using this simple Chinese system. RAMMED EARTH is favoured for barns and farm buildings. Three forms and their uses are explained. POLE MOULD WALLS are unknown in the West. A family can build a 12.5m long x 2.6 m high in a day. RAMMED BRICKS are ideal for areas of low rainfall as they need no water. CAVE HOMES and PIT DWELLINGS are also discussed, as are methods used to construct house frames and roof coverings.
Download or read book Mud Brick Techniques written by Ron Edwards and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book replaces BASIC MUD BRICK. The new version is larger, more comprehensive, and has been especially written for Australian conditions. The author began experimenting with mud brick in 1950 and considers it to be one of the most versatile of building methods. All the techniques described in this book are taken from actual jobs. The aim has been to teach methods which can be used by the whole family so that everyone can help in creating a home from the simple elements around them.
Download or read book The Hand sculpted House written by Ianto Evans and published by Chelsea Green Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cob, a structural composite of earth, water, straw, clay, and sand, has been used for centuries, in virtually all parts of the world, to create homes ranging from mud huts in Africa to lavish adobe haciendas in Latin America. This practical and inspiring hands-on guide teaches anyone to build a cob dwelling.
Download or read book The Burial Record of Prehistoric Liangshan in Southwest China written by Anke Hein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-13 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes a new model and scheme of analysis for complex burial material and applies it to the prehistoric archaeological record of the Liangshan region in Southwest China that other archaeologists have commonly given a wide berth, regarding it as too patchy, too inhomogeneous, and overall too unwieldy to work with. The model treats burials as composite objects, considering the various elements separately in their respective life histories. The application of this approach to the rich and diverse archaeological record of the Liangshan region serves as a test of this new form of analysis. This volume thus pursues two main aims: to advance the understanding of the archaeology of the immediate study area which has been little examined, and to present and test a new scheme of analysis that can be applied to other bodies of material.
Download or read book Earth Architecture written by Ronald Rael and published by Princeton Architectural Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ground we walk on and grow crops in also just happens to be the most widely used building material on the planet. Civilizations throughout time have used it to create stable warm low-impact structures. The world's first skyscrapers were built of mud brick. Paul Revere Chairman Mao and Ronald Reagan all lived in earth houses at various points in their lives and several of the buildings housing Donald Judd's priceless collection at the Chinati Foundation in Marfa Texas are made of mud brick." "While the vast legacy of traditional and vernacular earthen construction has been widely discussed, little attention has been paid to the contemporary tradition of earth architecture. Author Ronald Rael founder of Eartharchitecture.org provides a history of building with earth in the modern era focusing particularly on projects constructed in the last few decades that use rammed earth mud brick compressed earth cob and several other interesting techniques. Earth Architecture presents a selection of more than 40 projects that exemplify new creative uses of the oldest building material on the planet."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Atindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 6th International Conference on the Conservation of Earthen Architecture written by The Getty Conservation Institute and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 1991-02-28 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On October 14-19, 1990, the 6th International Conference on the Conservation of Earthen Architecture was held in Las Cruces, New Mexico. Sponsored by the GCI, the Museum of New Mexico State Monuments, ICCROM, CRATerre-EAG, and the National Park Service, under the aegis of US/ICOMOS, the event was organized to promote the exchange of ideas, techniques, and research findings on the conservation of earthen architecture. Presentations at the conference covered a diversity of subjects, including the historic traditions of earthen architecture, conservation and restoration, site preservation, studies in consolidation and seismic mitigation, and examinations of moisture problems, clay chemistry, and microstructures. In discussions that focused on the future, the application of modern technologies and materials to site conservation was urged, as was using scientific knowledge of existing structures in the creation of new, low-cost, earthen architecture housing.
Download or read book Architecture for the Poor written by Hassan Fathy and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Architecture for the Poor describes Hassan Fathy's plan for building the village of New Gourna, near Luxor, Egypt, without the use of more modern and expensive materials such as steel and concrete. Using mud bricks, the native technique that Fathy learned in Nubia, and such traditional Egyptian architectural designs as enclosed courtyards and vaulted roofing, Fathy worked with the villagers to tailor his designs to their needs. He taught them how to work with the bricks, supervised the erection of the buildings, and encouraged the revival of such ancient crafts as claustra (lattice designs in the mudwork) to adorn the buildings.
Download or read book The Mud Brick Adventure written by Andrew Bianco and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Build Your Own Earth Oven written by Kiko Denzer and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth ovens combine the utility of a wood-fired, retained-heat oven with the ease and timeless beauty of earthen construction. Building one will appeal to bakers, builders, and beginners of all kinds, from: - the serious or aspiring baker who wants the best low-cost bread oven, to - gardeners who want a centerpiece for a beautiful outdoor kitchen, to - outdoor chefs, to - creative people interested in low-cost materials and simple technology, to - teachers who want a multi-faceted, experiential project for students of all ages (the book has been successful with everyone from third-graders to adults). Build Your Own Earth Oven is fully illustrated with step-by-step directions, including how to tend the fire, and how to make perfect sourdough hearth loaves in the artisan tradition. The average do-it-yourselfer with a few tools and a scrap pile can build an oven for free, or close to it. Otherwise, $30 should cover all your materials--less than the price of a fancy "baking stone." Good building soil is often right in your back yard, under your feet. Build the simplest oven in a day! With a bit more time and imagination, you can make a permanent foundation and a fire-breathing dragon-oven or any other shape you can dream up. Earth ovens are familiar to many that have seen a southwestern "horno" or a European "bee-hive" oven. The idea, pioneered by Egyptian bakers in the second millennium BCE, is simplicity itself: fill the oven with wood, light a fire, and let it burn down to ashes. The dense, 3- to 12-inch-thick earthen walls hold and store the heat of the fire, the baker sweeps the floor clean, and the hot oven walls radiate steady, intense heat for hours. Home bakers who can't afford a fancy, steam-injected bread oven will be delighted to find that a simple earth oven can produce loaves to equal the fanciest "artisan" bakery. It also makes delicious roast meats, cakes, pies, pizzas, and other creations. Pizza cooks to perfection in three minutes or less. Vegetables, herbs, and potatoes drizzled with olive oil roast up in minutes for a simple, elegant, and delicious meal. Efficient cooks will find the residual heat useful for slow-baked dishes, and even for drying surplus produce, or incubating homemade yogurt.
Download or read book Bookbuyers Reference Book written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intelligent Systems Analyzing Sections of the Great Wall of China for Ming and Pre Ming Dynasty Construction written by Jin Rong Yang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: As society moves into the future, environmental concerns such as global warming increase due to human activity (U.S. EPA 2009:2). In construction, the use of cement in concrete contributes to this problem. Scientists and Engineers believe building green, yet durable, is the key to solving this problem. To achieve this goal, researchers must move backward in time to examine how our predecessors built their structures without modern technology, and then they can incorporate the techniques that were used to reduce waste. One of the most qualified structures to examine is the Great Wall of China. The technology they used was not only environmentally friendly, but the structure is also very durable. Some parts of the structure that were built over two thousand years ago still exist today. The research is focused on Ming and Pre Ming dynasty. The research centers on the similarities and differences between the two time periods in construction techniques. Since the Great Wall is very long in length, this research and the research methods mentioned below are limited to Beijing, Hebei and Gansu province. The author found out that the main construction method that was used was rammed earth. The rammed earth method is a technique of building walls by compressing the raw materials such as earth, gravel and lime into the shape of a wall. The construction materials that they used to construct the Great Wall were mainly fire kiln bricks and mud bricks. Fire kiln bricks are made through chemical change when the clay is fired up in the kilns until it is vitrified. Mud bricks, on the other hand, are made through a physical change by letting the bricks dry out in the sun. The main transportation of the material to construct the Great Wall was using a class 2 lever wheelbarrow, though the workers used animals as well. Since the Great Wall was built a long time ago, many historical records and documents were lost or destroyed. The methods listed above are not binary, meaning they are not completely true or false. The author would have to incorporate fuzzy logic to measure the statements, such as how "true" they are, using subjective values. The author also uses Artificial Intelligence and Multi-Media system in his research to assist the end user in the absence of a Great Wall expert. The research results are shown in the Multi-Media system. The research shows that the Great Wall from the Ming dynasty is far superior to the dynasties before it in terms of construction techniques. However; Pre-Ming Dynasty does incorporate more green construction techniques than the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, the author concludes that the structure is durable when it is from the Ming dynasty. The structure is greener when it is from the Pre-Ming dynasty. However, both Ming and Pre-Ming Dynasty's construction methods are greener than modern practices. With these conclusions, the author recommends using both construction methods from the Ming and the Pre-Ming dynasties to build green yet durable structures for the future.
Download or read book Glorious Mud written by Gus W. Van Beek and published by Smithsonian Institution. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invented about 13,000 years ago, mud architecture has since been one of the most common, economical, useful, and widespread forms of building. It has been--and is still being--used for grand palaces and temples as well as simple shops and homes. Research conducted over the last several decades has enabled archaeologists and architects to understand how now-ruined, ancient mud structures were originally built. Gus and Ora Van Beek describe mud-construction techniques from Southwest Asia, the Near East, North Africa, Europe, and the United States, paying specific attention to problems involving foundations, wall and roof construction, cooling and heating, water erosion, and earthquake damage. Glorious Mud! is not only the definitive reference work on one of the world's most important forms of architecture but also a powerful study of the human past.
Download or read book Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress written by Sijie Dai and published by Knopf Publishing Group. This book was released on 2001 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An enchanting literary debut—already an international best-seller. At the height of Mao’s infamous Cultural Revolution, two boys are among hundreds of thousands exiled to the countryside for “re-education.” The narrator and his best friend, Luo, guilty of being the sons of doctors, find themselves in a remote village where, among the peasants of Phoenix mountain, they are made to cart buckets of excrement up and down precipitous winding paths. Their meager distractions include a violin—as well as, before long, the beautiful daughter of the local tailor. But it is when the two discover a hidden stash of Western classics in Chinese translation that their re-education takes its most surprising turn. While ingeniously concealing their forbidden treasure, the boys find transit to worlds they had thought lost forever. And after listening to their dangerously seductive retellings of Balzac, even the Little Seamstress will be forever transformed. From within the hopelessness and terror of one of the darkest passages in human history, Dai Sijie has fashioned a beguiling and unexpected story about the resilience of the human spirit, the wonder of romantic awakening and the magical power of storytelling.
Download or read book Australian Academic and Research Libraries written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Island of Formosa Past and Present written by James Wheeler Davidson and published by . This book was released on 1903 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Island of Formosa written by James Wheeler Davidson and published by . This book was released on 1903 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
