Download or read book Return Migration of the Next Generations written by Dennis Conway and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is renewed interest in return migration among researchers of global movement patterns. Until recently, it was overlooked, regarded as the result of failure by emigrants, or related to the return of retired, elderly migrants. This important study looks at the one-and-a-half and second generation migrants, the youthful contract workers and the 'prolonged sojourners' and the consequences of their return to source communities.
Download or read book Resettlement with People First written by Susanna Price and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Should people in the way lose out as new reservoirs, mines, plantations, or superhighways displace them from their homes and livelihoods? What if the process of resettlement were made accountable to those impacted, empowering them to achieve just outcomes and to share in the benefits of development projects? This book seeks to answer these questions, putting forward powerful counterfactual case studies to assess what problems real-world development projects would likely have avoided if the project had included the affected people in decision making about whether and how they should resettle. Drawing on contributions from leading and emerging scholars from around the world, this book considers cases involving dams, mines, roads, and housing, amongst others, from Asia, Africa, and South America. In each case, the counterfactual approach invites us to reconsider how the dynamics of accountability play out through resettlement hazards and the asymmetries of power relations in the negotiation of displacement benefits and redress. Considering a range of theoretical and ethical perspectives, the book concludes with practical, alternative policy suggestions for displacement arising both from development and from slow onset climate change. This book’s novel approach focussing on the people's agency in the dynamics of governance, accountability, and (dis)empowerment in development projects with displacement and resettlement will appeal to academic researchers, development practitioners, and policymakers.
Download or read book Conflict and Cooperation in Participating Natural Resource Management written by R. Jeffery and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-07-18 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past one hundred years in particular, there has been a steady process by which natural resources (such as ground-water, forests, fishing grounds and grazing land) have been increasingly managed by centralised institutions. Governments and other national agencies have argued that this promotes efficiency, equity, and other wide national goals. Recently this orthodoxy has been challenged by rising numbers of experiments that show how centralised management tends to fail. Global, national and local goals are more likely to be met, at lower cost and with other benefits (such as promoting better democratic institutions) by involving local populations in collaborative management agreements. This volume, based on detailed case studies from around the world, subjects some of these experiments to critical study, and suggests limits to the participative approach as well as ways it can be improved and made suitable for new contexts.
Download or read book Tongans Overseas written by Helen Morton Lee and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2003-01-31 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the late 1960s Tongans have been leaving their islands in large numbers and settling in many different nations. Tongans Overseas is a timely look at their settlement experiences as they relate to cultural identity, particularly among the younger generations raised outside Tonga. What does being Tongan mean to these young people? Why do some proudly proclaim and cherish their Tongan identities while others remain ambivalent, confused, or indifferent? Helen Morton Lee's innovative research offers insights into these and many other questions, revealing the complexities of identity construction in the context of migration and the varied ways in which individuals seek a sense of belonging. Using both traditional ethnographic fieldwork and newly popular Internet discussion forums, where young Tongans speak their minds and describe their experiences, Lee has produced the most comprehensive study of Tongan migrants to date. Throughout the book diasporic Tongans speak eloquently about their lives, and case studies of families and individuals bring the analysis to life. Lee explores tensions within overseas communities, especially the intergenerational conflicts that are contributing to the alienation of many young Tongans today.
Download or read book Tonga Livelihoods in Rural Zimbabwe written by Kirk Helliker and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on extensive original fieldwork, this book examines the complex and diverse livelihoods of Zimbabwe’s Tonga people as they have developed over time, including in the wake of the country’s post- 2000 political and economic crises. Despite being endowed with natural resources, the northwest region of Zimbabwe inhabited by the Tonga people is one of the most marginalised and underdeveloped parts of the country, neglected by both colonial and postcolonial governments. The Tonga- speaking people are a minority ethnic group that settled on either side of the Zambezi River around 1100 AD and remain deeply dependent on the river for their socio- economic livelihoods. This book reflects on the challenges faced by the Tonga people, from poor infrastructure, health and education facilities, to the issues caused by soil infertility and extremely low rainfall, which have been exacerbated by climate change. Many Tonga people were displaced by the construction of the Kariba Dam in the 1950s, and their access to the region’s natural resources has been restricted by successive governments. Showcasing the research of Zimbabwean scholars in particular, this book not only reflects on the vulnerabilities faced by the Tonga, but it also looks beyond these, to the livelihood practices that are thriving despite these challenges, and the ways in which livelihoods intertwine with Tonga culture and society more broadly. Overall, this book highlights the resilience of the Tonga people in the face of years of politico- economic crisis and will be an important contribution to research on livelihoods, ethnic minorities and rural development in Africa.
Download or read book Engaging Environments in Tonga written by Arne Aleksej Perminow and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2022-03-11 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On March 11, 2011, a tsunami warning was issued for Tonga in Polynesia. On the low and small island of Kotu, people were unperturbed in the face of impending catastrophe. The book starts out from the puzzle of peoples’ responses and reactions to this warning as well as their attitudes to a gradual rise of sea level and questions why people seemed so unconcerned about this and the accompanying loss of land. The book is an ethnography of the relationship between people and their environment based on fieldwork over three decades.
Download or read book Marking Indigeneity written by Tevita O. Ka'ili and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tongans, the native people of the Kingdom of Tonga in the South Pacific, are a highly mobile indigenous group. Like their seafaring ancestors, they are constantly on the move across tā (time) and vā (space). Carrying their traditions with them, Tongans living in Maui, Hawai‘i, actively mediate those dimensions by extending the time-space structure of certain activities and places in order to practice tauhi vā—the marking of time to sustain harmonious relations and create beautiful sociospatial relations. In Marking Indigeneity, Tevita O. Ka‘ili examines the conflicts and reconciliation of indigenous time-space within the Tongan community in Maui, as well as within the time-space of capitalism. Using indigenous theory, he provides an ethnography of the social relations of the highly mobile Tongans. Focusing on tauhi vā, Ka‘ili notes certain examples of this time marking: the faikava gatherings that last from sunset to sunrise, long eating gatherings, long conversations (talanoa), the all-night funeral wakes, and the early arrival to and late departure from meetings and celebrations. Ka‘ili also describes the performing art of tauhi vā, which creates symmetry through the performance of social duties (fatongia). This gives rise to powerful feelings of warmth, elation, and honor among the performers. Marking Indigeneity offers an ethnography of the extension of time-space that is rooted in ancient Moana oral traditions, thoughtfully illustrating the continuation of these traditions.
Download or read book Marking Indigeneity written by Tēvita O. Kaʻili and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'éditeur indique : "This book explores how Tongan cultural practices conflict with and coexist within Hawaiian society."
Download or read book Tonga written by Martin Daly and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2009-02-04 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for the first edition: "Tonga is unique among bibliographies in its perception and understanding, and in its affection for Tonga and its people. . . . Daly’s work stands on exceptionally sound foundations. . . . His summaries are excellent, indeed, but Daly writes always with the authority of first-hand knowledge, with a keen eye for the essential, and the ability to interpret and clarify obscurities. . . . A trustworthy introduction to Tonga in all its diversity, a splendid point de départ for all, layman or scholar, needing a reliable guide to the essential literature about this remarkable Polynesian kingdom." —Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies "The book is so arranged that it is easy to locate any of the items listed. . . . I found myself spending pleasant hours perusing Daly’s comments on the different publications.. . . I hope the rumor of a second, revised edition of this bibliography is true." —Journal of the Polynesian Society Tonga is a fascinating and subtle combination of a traditional Polynesian kingdom—the only one to survive the impact of colonization in the nineteenth century and remain independent—and a thoroughly Christian country. This comprehensive bibliography is a selective guide to the most significant and accessible English-language books, papers, and articles on every aspect of the kingdom’s history, culture, arts, politics, environment, and economy. It is a much updated and expanded edition of the original version that was published in 1999 as part of the World Bibliographical Series, with the addition of more than 200 new entries. Each of the approximately 600 described and annotated items is organized under broad subject headings, and indexed by author, title, and subject. In addition—and new to this edition—all known Ph.D. theses, although not annotated, are shown within their appropriate subject categories and indexed. Also new is a section on the most important Tonga-related websites. A general introduction describes the Tongan kingdom, its history and society, and its current situation. Tonga: A New Bibliography will be an invaluable resource for anyone with a serious interest in Tonga and an indispensable volume for academic libraries, reference collections, and policy makers focused on the Pacific islands.
Download or read book The Art of Tonga written by Keith St. Cartmail and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1997-10-01 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tongan art, with its elegant sculpture, headrests, body adornment, clubs, containers, tools and fibre work, has made an outstanding contribution to the culture of Oceania. In The Art of Tonga, Keith St. Cartmail's achievement is to draw together all the strands of this island kingdom's material culture into a single volume--surprisingly no other work has done this to date. The author begins by outlining the history of Tonga, then comprehensively details all aspects of Tongan art, ancient and modern. He clearly documents the significance and widespread influence of this beautiful art work through West Polynesia, and argues that despite recent neglect, and in spite of being mutilated and destroyed by missionaries, and dispersed by collectors to all corners of the earth, Tongan art is nonetheless alive and well. Authoritative and accessible, The Art of Tonga is lavishly illustrated with superb and important examples of Tongan art from throughout its history. It is essential reading for anyone with an interest in the magnificent cultures of Oceania.
Download or read book Freedom in the World written by Adrian Karatnycky and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 1542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Freedom House's survey [of freedom] is the most systematic, most comprehensive, and most reliable survey of the individual's status in the world's political systems. Freedom in the World provides an invaluable baseline in assessing the significance of world events." -Robert L. Bartley, Editor of The Wall Street Journal Freedom in the World is an institutional effort by Freedom House to monitor the progress and decline of political rights and civil liberties in 192 nations and 17 related and disputed territories. These year-end reviews of freedom began in 1955, when they were called the Balance Sheet of Freedom and, still later, the Annual Survey of the Progress of Freedom. This program was expanded in the early 1970s, and has been issued in a more developed context as a yearbook since 1978. Since 1989, the Survey project has been a year-long effort produced by regional experts, consultants, and human rights specialists. It derives its information from a wide range of sources. Most valued of these are the many human rights activists, journalists, editors, and political figures who keep the world informed of the human rights situation in their own countries. Throughout the year, Freedom House personnel regularly conduct fact-finding missions to gain in-depth knowledge of the vast political transformations affecting our world. These investigations make every effort to meet a cross-section of political parties and associations, human rights monitors, religious figures, representatives of both the private sector and trade union movement, academics and journalists. Freedom in the World is now the standard reference work for measuring progress, or the lack thereof, in the process of regime democratization. Adrian Karatnycky has directed the annual survey of political rights for Freedom House, where he has served as president for the past decade. This year's survey team includes: Martin Edwin Andersen, Kristen Guida, Aili Piano, Arch Puddington, Leonard R. Sussman, Edward R. McMahon, Cindy Shiner, Amy Wong, Amanda Schnetzer, Charles Graybow, Kendra Zaharescu, Gordon Bardos, and Michael Goldfarb.
Download or read book Learning Elementary Science for Class 8 written by V.K. Sally and published by Goyal Brothers Prakashan. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present series LEARNING ELEMENTARY SCIENCE for Classes 6–8 follows the concept of “Learning without burden” as a guiding principle. Science has to be understood as a lively and growing body of knowledge. The children have to learn the dynamism of science by observing things closely, recording observations, and when drawing inferences from what they observe. Observations are to be made by performing such activities which can be easily performed by the children, often without costly equipment, and even at their homes. When science is learned in this manner, the children would learn the ways of nature and start appreciating it. The salient features of this series are : It is in strict accordance with the latest N.C.E.R.T. syllabus. It encourages the learning of science through activities. The activities provide hands-on experience to the learners. All the activities and experiments are class-tested. The language used is simple and lucid. It explains the laws and principles of science in a clear and concise way. The series has updated information along with interesting facts in the form of ‘Did you know?’ Exercises and Activities / Projects are given at the end of each chapter. Exercises contain Multiple Choice Questions, Fill in the Blanks, True and False, Match the Statements, Short Answer Type Questions, etc. Activity / The project contains Activities, Projects, Charts, Models, Class Response, Visit, Quiz, the topic for Seminar/Debate. The assessments develop skills of comprehension of concepts, enhance knowledge and application of what is learned. Life skills relevant to the chapters are given at the end of the chapters. Two Model Test Papers are given at appropriate places for Half Yearly Examination and Yearly Examination. Four Periodic Test Papers are given at appropriate places for Periodic Assessments. Learning Elementary Science becomes a joyful experience with a number of clearly labeled illustrations and learner-friendly simple language. Goyal Brothers Prakashan
Download or read book Exploring Science Book for Class 8 written by V.K. Sally and published by Goyal Brothers Prakashan. This book was released on 2020-04-16 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Goyal Brothers Prakashan
Download or read book Global Warring written by Cleo Paskal and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2010-01-05 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a perfect storm, the environment, the global economic system and geopolitics are all undergoing rapid, uncontrolled change. In the same way that the climate is in a state of flux, exhibiting erratic behavior before settling into a new norm, in the wake of the global economic crisis, many of the assumptions about the Western economic system have been destroyed, which leads to some troubling questions: How aggressive will water-hungry China become in order to secure a sufficient supply of it? What will happen when climate-triggered conflicts like the one in Sudan spread throughout the continent? As India takes its proper place at the high table of nations and begins large-scale importing of food, what will happen to already shrinking supplies? Global Warring takes a hard look at these questions. Journalist and analyst Cleo Paskal identifies problem areas that are most likely to start wars, destroy economies and create failed states. Examining the most likely environmental change scenarios, she illuminates the ways in which they could radically alter human existence. A fascinating tour through our uncertain future, Global Warring also offers a controversial new way forward for the global economy and the worldwide environmental crisis.
Download or read book Desire Obligation and Familial Love written by Makiko Nishitani and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2020-08-31 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork among Tongan migrant mothers and adult daughters in Australia, anthropologist Makiko Nishitani provides a unique account of how gifts, money, and information flow along the connections of kin and kin-like relationships. Desire, Obligation, and Familial Love challenges the conventional discourse on migration, which typically characterizes intergenerational changes from tradition to modernity, from relational to individual, and from obligation to autonomy and freedom. Rather, through an intimate examination of Tongan women’s everyday engagement with kinship relationships, Nishitani highlights how migrant women and their daughters born outside Tonga together create a field of relationships with kin and kin-like people, and navigate between individualistic, personal desires and familial duties and obligations. Their negotiations are not limited to a local frame of reference, but encompass vast distances, including relationships with relatives in places like Australia, New Zealand, the United States, and the “home” island nation. Tongan women manage these relationships across diverse modes of communication: face-to-face interactions in homes and at church, lengthy telephone conversations on fixed phone lines in kitchens, and interactions on social media accessed on living room computers shared between neighboring households. Relationships between migrant mothers and second-generation daughters are suffused with warmth and empathy, as well as tensions and misunderstandings. Nishitani’s work demonstrates the critical contemporary relevance of classical anthropological kinship studies and gift theories as tools that can help us to understand transnationalism in the “digital” age. Through reflections on feminist geography, social theory of technology, Bourdieu’s field theory, and media studies, Nishitani makes a convincing call for anthropologists to use relationships rather than geographical places as a site of anthropological fieldwork in order to understand the sociality of diasporic people. Filled with rich, intimate portrayals of diasporic women’s everyday lives and the everyday politics of familial relationships, Desire, Obligation, and Familial Love will appeal to students and scholars of the anthropology of migration, of communication technologies and social media, and of gender and familial relationships, as well as to those interested in fieldwork methodology, transnational and migration studies, and Pacific studies.
Download or read book Church and State in Tonga written by Sione Latukefu and published by University of Queensland Press. This book was released on 2014-06-01 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1974, Church and State in Tonga is a classic study of the formative period of modern Tongan history. The years covered are from the re-establishment of the Wesleyan Methodist mission in the 1820s until the promulgation of the Tongan constitution in 1875. The missionaries assumed the role of political advisors, but by the 1850s the missionary monopoly was undermined and what author Sione Latukefu calls a "marriage of convenience" and an "alliance" began. The king became selective in the advice he accepted and took his own initiatives. Much of the book deals with the development of kingship and the emergence of written codes of law and the constitution. The book is dedicated to Queen Salote Tupou III who passed the traditions of the royal family to Latukefu, determined to impart her wealth of knowledge of the Tongan traditional past. Church and State in Tonga was the first substantial study by a Tongan of the history of the Tongan monarchy and government, a rich documentary study reinforced by knowledge of local language, customs, and traditions.
