Download or read book The Murder of Professor Schlick written by David Edmonds and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "On June 22, 1936, the philosopher Moritz Schlick was on his way to deliver a lecture at the University of Vienna when Johann Nelböck, a deranged former student of Schlick's, shot him dead on the university steps. Some Austrian newspapers defended the madman, while Nelböck argued in court that his onetime teacher had promoted a treacherous Jewish philosophy. Weaving an enthralling narrative set against the backdrop of rising extremism in Hitler's Europe, David Edmonds traces the rise and fall of the Vienna Circle--associated with billiant thinkers like Otto Neurath, Kurt Gödel, Rudolf Carnap, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Karl Popper--and of a philosophical movement movement that sought to do away with metaphysics and pseudoscience in a city darkened by and unreason."--

Download or read book Moritz Schlick Philosophical Papers written by Moritz Schlick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1978-12-31 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book General Theory of Knowledge written by M. Schlick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: to that goal, and it is hoped that it will incorporate further works dealing in an exact way with interesting philosophical issues. Zürich, April 1973 Mario Bunge From the Preface to the First Edition It may seem odd that aseries of works devoted to the natural sciences should indude - indeed begin with - a volume on phi losophy. Today, of course, it is generally agreed that philosophy and natural science are perfectly compatible. But to grant the theory of knowledge such a prominent position implies not only that these two fields are compatible, but that there is a natural connection between them. Thus the indusion of this book in the series can be justified only if such an intimate relation of mutual dependence and interpenetration really does exist. Without anticipating what is to come, the author would like first to explain his point of view on the relationship between epistemology and the sciences, and in so doing make dear at the outset the method to be followed in this book. It is my view - which I have already expressed elsewhere and which I never tire of repeating - that philosophy is not aseparate science to be placed alongside of or above the individual disciplines. Rather, the philosophical element is present in all of the scienccs; it is their true soul, and only by virtue of it are they sciences at all.

Download or read book Problems of Ethics written by Moritz Schlick and published by Niebuhr Press. This book was released on 2008-11 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PROBLEMS OF ETHICS PRENTICE-HAL4 PHILOSOPHY SERIES ARTHUR E. Mu ftHY, PH. D., EDITOR PERCEPTION AND AESTHETIC VALUE, by Harold Newton Lee FORMAL LOGIC, by Albert A. Bennett and Charles A. Bayhs PROBLEMS OF ETHICS, by Moritz Schlick. Translated by David Rynin PROBLEMS OF ETHICS BY MORITZ SCHLICK AUTHORIZED TRANSLATION BY DAVID RYNIN, PH. D NEW YORK 1939 PRENTICE-HALL, INC. COPYRIGHT, 1939, BJ PRENTICE-HALL, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED IN ANY FORM, BY MIMEOGRAPH OR ANY OTHER MEANS, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRIT ING FROM THE PUBLISHERS. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Foreword THE appearance, in English translation, of Professor Moritz Schlicks Fragen dcr JLthi is timely and welcome.-Professor Schlick was the leader of the vigorous and influential Vienna Circle, a group of scientists, logicians, and philosophers who attacked in a fresh way the persistent problem as to what the nature and the significant function of philosophical reflection really is. These thinkers, in general, carry on the traditions of empiricism and positivism, which they have reformulated in the light of certain views arising from a logical analysis of language and sym bols. Accordingly, the position which these writers represent sometimes goes by the name of logical positivism. The application of the methods and re sults of this type of analysis to some of the traditional problems of ethics supplies the substance of this book. It will bring home to the mind of the thoughtful reader the pressing question as to the real nature of ethical problems indeed of all those problems which have to do with the appraisal of human values. These problems are crucial forus now, both in theory and in practice. To have so unambiguous and clear a state vi FOREWORD ment of these problems as they appear within the per spective of modern positivism is very much worth while. GEORGE P. ADAMS The University of California Translators Note ALTHOUGH this authorized translation of Moritz Schlicks Fragen der Ethi was read and ap proved, and in part revised, by the author before his untimely and tragic death, I accept full responsibility for whatever shortcomings may yet characterize it. I wish to thank my friends for their assistance in render ing the more difficult passages into readable English, DAVID RYNIN Vll Contents PAGE FOREWORD, BY GEORGE P. ADAMS v TRANSLATORS NOTE vii PREFACE xin CHAPTER L WHAT Is THE AIM OF ETHICS .... i 1. Ethics Seeks Nothing But Knowledge i 2. The Subject-matter of Ethics .... 2 3. On the Definition of Good .... 5 4. Is the Good Indefinable 8 5. The Formal Characteristic of the Good 10 6. Material Characteristics II 7. Moral Norms and Moral Principles . 14 Ethics as a Normative Science . . 17 9. Ethics as Factual Science 20 10. Ethics Seeks Causal Explanation . . 22 11. Formulation of the Fundamental Ques tion 26 12. The Method of Ethics Is Psychological . 28 i II. WHAT ARE THE MOTIVES OF HUMAN CON DUCT 31 1. Activity and Conduct 31 2. The Nature of the Act of Will ... 33 ix CONTENTS HAPTER PAGE II. WHAT ARE THE MOTIVES OF HUMAN CON DUCT Continued 3. The Concept of Will 35 4. The Law of Motivation 36 5. In Proof of the Law of Motivation . . 41 6. The Law of Motivation in the Case of Sacrifice 42 7. The Law of Motivation in the Case of Heroism 45 8. Rebuttal of False Objections and Ex planations 47 9. The Law of Motivation Is Not Tautologous 51 10. The Law Expresses Significant Knowl edge 53 III. WHAT Is EGOISM 56 1. Egoism Is Immoral ...... 56 2. Egoism and Personal Welfare ... 57 3. The Nature of Impulse 59 4. Is Egoism an Impulse 62 5. The Possibility of Imagining Personal States 65 6. Egoism Is Not the Will to Pleasure . . 69 7. Egoism and the Impulse of Self-Preser vation 72 8. Egoism as Inconsiderateness .... 73 9. Moral Condemnation of Egoism . . 76 IV. WHAT Is THE MEANING OF MORAL . . 79 i. The Morality of Demand and the Mo rality of Desire 79

Download or read book Philosophical Papers written by Moritz Schlick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1980-03-31 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Logical Empiricism at Its Peak written by Maria Neurath and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-19 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1996. This volume reprints pieces from the Vienna Circle period between the manifesto and the adoption of semantics, as well as two commentaries. During this period, the logical empiricists were the most ambitious and the most confident about the success of their enterprise. The first section consists of four ideological classics, The second section reprints three papers on physicalism. The third section consists of three papers on logic and the fourth on reprints three papers on truth, induction, and confirmation.

Download or read book Exact Thinking in Demented Times written by Karl Sigmund and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2017-12-05 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dazzling group biography of the early twentieth-century thinkers who transformed the way the world thought about math and science Inspired by Albert Einstein's theory of relativity and Bertrand Russell and David Hilbert's pursuit of the fundamental rules of mathematics, some of the most brilliant minds of the generation came together in post-World War I Vienna to present the latest theories in mathematics, science, and philosophy and to build a strong foundation for scientific investigation. Composed of such luminaries as Kurt Gö and Rudolf Carnap, and stimulated by the works of Ludwig Wittgenstein and Karl Popper, the Vienna Circle left an indelible mark on science. Exact Thinking in Demented Times tells the often outrageous, sometimes tragic, and never boring stories of the men who transformed scientific thought. A revealing work of history, this landmark book pays tribute to those who dared to reinvent knowledge from the ground up.

Download or read book Epistemological Writings written by H. von Helmholtz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [1977] Hermann von Helmholtz in the History of Scientific Method In 1921, the centenary of Helmholtz' birth, Paul Hertz, a physicist, and Moritz Schlick, a philosopher, published a selection of his papers and lectures on the philosophical foundations of the sciences, under the title Schriften zur Erkenntnistheorie. Combining qualities of respect and criticism that Helmholtz would have demanded, Hertz and Schlick scrupulously annotated the texts. Their edition of Helmholtz was of historical influence, comparable to the influence among contemporary mathematicians and philosophers of Hermann Weyl's annotated edition in 1919 of Riemann's great dissertation of 1854 on the foundations of geometry. For several reasons, we are pleased to be able to bring this Schlick/ Hertz edition to the English-reading world: first, and primary, to honor the memory of Hermann von Helmholtz; second, as writings of historical value, to deepen the understanding of mathematics and the natural sciences, as well as of psychology and philosophy, in the 19th centur- for Helmholtz must be comprehended within at least that wide a range; third, with Schlick, to understand the developing empiricist philosophy of science in the early 20th century; and fourth, to bring the contributions of Schlick, Hertz, and Helmholtz to methodological debate in our own time, a half century later, long after the rise and consolidation of logical empiricism, the explosion of physics since Planck and Einstein, and the development of psychology since Freud and Pavlov.

Download or read book Life and Death written by Jonathan Westphal and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life and Death brings together philosophical and literary works representing the many ways--metaphysical, scientific, analytic, phenomenological, literary--in which philosophers and others have reflected on questions about life and death.

Download or read book Reconsidering Logical Positivism written by Michael Friedman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-07-28 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reinterpretation of the enduring significance of logical positivism.

Download or read book Space and Time in Contemporary Physics written by Moritz Schlick and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative early exposition of relativity theory, this reader-friendly book describes the physical doctrines of the special and general theories of relativity in terms of their philosophic significance. A clear, nonmathematical introduction to a complex subject, this book offers readers of all backgrounds a coherent and informative overview. 1920 edition.

Download or read book The Vienna Circle written by Friedrich Stadler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This abridged and revised edition of the original book (Springer-Wien-New York: 2001) offers the only comprehensive history and documentation of the Vienna Circle based on new sources with an innovative historiographical approach to the study of science. With reference to previously unpublished archival material and more recent literature, it refutes a number of widespread clichés about "neo-positivism" or "logical positivism". Following some insights on the relation between the history of science and the philosophy of science, the book offers an accessible introduction to the complex subject of "the rise of scientific philosophy” in its socio-cultural background and European philosophical networks till the forced migration in the Anglo-Saxon world. The first part of the book focuses on the origins of Logical Empiricism before World War I and the development of the Vienna Circle in "Red Vienna" (with the "Verein Ernst Mach"), its fate during Austro-Fascism (Schlick's murder 1936) and its final expulsion by National-Socialism beginning with the "Anschluß" in 1938. It analyses the dynamics of the Schlick-Circle in the intellectual context of "late enlightenment" including the minutes of the meetings from 1930 on for the first time published and presents an extensive description of the meetings and international Unity of Science conferences between 1929 and 1941. The chapters introduce the leading philosophers of the Schlick Circle (e.g., Hans Hahn, Otto Neurath, Rudolf Carnap, Philipp Frank, Felix Kaufmann, Edgar Zilsel) and describe the conflicting interaction between Moritz Schlick and Otto Neurath, the long term communication between Moritz Schlick, Friedrich Waismann and Ludwig Wittgenstein, as well as between the Vienna Circle with Heinrich Gomperz and Karl Popper. In addition, Karl Menger's "Mathematical Colloquium" with Kurt Gödel is presented as a parallel movement. The final chapter of this section describes the demise of the Vienna Circle and the forced exodus of scientists and intellectuals from Austria. The second part of the book includes a bio-bibliographical documentation of the Vienna Circle members and for the first time of the assassination of Moritz Schlick in 1936, followed by an appendix comprising an extensive list of sources and literature.

Download or read book Freedom and Fulfillment written by Joel Feinberg and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1994-12-04 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dealing with a diverse set of problems in practical and theoretical ethics, these fourteen essays, three of them previously unpublished, reconfirm Joel Feinberg's leading position in the field of legal philosophy. With a clarity and humor that will be familiar to readers of his other works, Feinberg writes on topics including "wrongful life" suits in the law of torts, or whether there is any sense in the remark that a person is so badly off that he would be better off not existing at all; the morality of abortion; educational options; free expression; civil disobedience; and the duty of easy rescue in criminal law. He continues with a three-part defense of moral rights in the abstract, a discussion of voluntary euthanasia, and an inquiry into arguments of various kinds for not granting legal rights in enforcement of a person's acknowledged moral rights. This collection concludes with two essays dealing with concepts used in appraising the whole of a person's life: absurdity and self-fulfillment, and their interplay.

Download or read book Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle written by Ludwig Wittgenstein and published by Blackwell Publishing. This book was released on 1983 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection contains hitherto unknown letters exchanged between Wittgenstein and the most important of his Cambridge friends and includes editorial notes based on archival material not previously explored. Incorporates many previously undiscovered unique and significant letters. A powerful record and intimate insight into Wittgenstein's life and thought. Extensive editorial annotations.

Download or read book The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics written by Mark Textor and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the twentieth century English-language philosophy came to be science- and logic-oriented, and was suspicious of metaphysics. The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics traces our present philosophical outlook back to debates in Austro-German philosophy about the relation between empirical science and metaphysics: does empirical psychology depend on the metaphysics of the soul, the mental substance? The negative answer - that there is 'a psychology without a soul' - shaped Austrian philosophy and provided a model for ontologies that dispense with substances. Mark Textor tells the story of how and why (Austrian) philosophy turned against metaphysics . He introduces the key thinkers of the time, including the 'fathers of Austrian philosophy' Franz Brentano and Ernst Mach, whose Intentionalism (Brentano) and Neutral Monism (Mach) became distinctive and influential positions in the philosophy of mind. Textor goes on to use the 'psychology without a soul' view as a vantage point from which to reconstruct and assess the immediate pre-history and formation of analytic philosophy (Ward, Stout, Moore, Russell). While Austrian philosophers retired the soul, early analytic philosophers were happy to introduce a successor, the subject, and conceive of the mental as constituted by subject-object relations. The final part of the book returns to the theme of anti-metaphysics from a different perspective. In this part the early Moritz Schlick, who would soon become the leading figure of the Vienna Circle, takes centre stage. The final part of the book reconstructs Schlick's arguments for the conclusion that metaphysics lies beyond the limits of knowledge that are rooted in the philosophy of mind discussed in previous parts.

Download or read book Empiricism and Sociology written by M. Neurath and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the last day of his life, Otto Neurath had given help to a Chinese philosopher who was writing about Schlick. Only an hour before his death he said to me: "Nobody will do such a thing for me." My answer then was: "Never mind, you have Bilston, isn't that better?" There were con sultations in new housing schemes, an exhibition, and hopes for a fruitful relationship of longer duration. I did not dream at that time that I would one day work on a book like this. The idea came from Horace M. Kallen, of the New School for Social Research, New York, years later; to encourage me he sent me his selection from William James' writings. Later I met Robert S. Cohen. Carnap had sent him to me with the message: "If you want to find out what my political views were in the twenties and thirties, read Otto Neurath's books and articles of that time; his views were also mine." In this way Robert Cohen became ac quainted with Otto Neurath. Even more: he became interested; and when I asked him, would he help me as an editor of an Otto N eurath volume, he agreed at once. In previous years I had already asked a number of Otto Neurath's friends to write down for me what they especially remembered about him.

Download or read book Logical Positivism written by Alfred Jules Ayer and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1959 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: