Download or read book Monte Carlo Optimization of Coincidence Prompt Gamma ray Neutron Activation Analysis written by Jiaxin Wang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development of Monte Carlo Code for Coincidence Prompt Gamma ray Neutron Activation Analysis written by Xiaogang Han and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: PGNAA, Coincidence measurement, Monte Carlo, MCNP.

Download or read book The Analog Linear Interpolation Approach for Monte Carlo Simulation of Prompt Gamma Ray Neutron Activation Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Monte Carlo code (CEARPGA I) was developed to generate the elemental library spectra required for implementing the Monte Carlo Library Least-Squares algorithm for prompt gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA). The existing big weight problem in which a few histories yield very large weights with very large variance has been investigated thoroughly. It has been found that the expected value splitting technique, a powerful variance reduction technique used in the code is the primary cause of this problem. Two Monte Carlo simulation approaches have been investigated to eliminate the big weight problem while still maintaining high efficiency. They are 1) score importance map with batch tracking and 2) analog linear interpolation. Both approaches were implemented separately in the corresponding Monte Carlo codes on the basis of CEARPGA I code and demonstrated to be feasible for solving the big weight problem. The analog linear interpolation approach was selected to incorporate into the new CEARPGA Monte Carlo code (CEARPGA II). A comparison of the results obtained by both CEAEPGA I and CEARPGA II codes as well as experimentally measured data shows that the big weight problem has been successfully eliminated, the accuracy of the simulation has improved greatly, and the simulated results agree very well with the measured data. In addition, some other important improvements have been made in the CEARPGA II to make it more accurate, efficient and powerful, including: 1) tracking pair production gamma rays, 2) incorporating neutron activation background spectra, 3) generating natural background spectra, 4) taking into account the non-linearity of NaI detectors, and 5) adopting a general geometry package.

Download or read book Le Bastion de la foy chrestienne propre povr rembarrer les ennemis de l euangile written by and published by . This book was released on 1562 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monte Carlo Studies of Gamma ray and Neutron Transport in Infinite Homogeneous Media written by Theodore E. Fessler and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monte Carlo Simulation of the Complete Spectral Response of Prompt Gamma Ray Analysis Systems written by Youngho Jin and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Monte Carlo Model for Prompt Gamma ray Analysis Systems of Interest to the Mining Industries written by Thomas Christopher Clark and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forward Monte Carlo Calculation of Coincidence Gamma Ray Spectra written by Adan Faustino Calderón (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurement and Detection of Radiation written by Nicholas Tsoulfanidis and published by Hemisphere Pub. This book was released on 1983 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assuming a basic knowledge of calculus, differential equations and some atomic physics, this classic bestseller enables students to select the proper detector, analyze the results of counting experiments, and perform radiation measurements following proper health physics procedures. Examples and problems in each chapter ensure that students understand the concepts presented. The book cover long-range alpha detector LRAD, pure geranium detectors, magnetic and electrostatic spectrometers, position-sensitive detectors, the LSL-M2 unfolding code, compensated ion chambers, self-powered neutron detectors, new protection guides, and exposure limits. A solutions manual is available for qualifying instructors.

Download or read book Monte Carlo Code Predicting Models for Neutron Activation Analysis and Explorative Study of Large Sample Neutron Activation Analysis written by Christian Amevi Adjei and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monte Carlo Modelling of Systems for the Neutron Activation Analysis of Aluminium in Vivo written by Sameer Sa Natto and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neutron Generators for Analytical Purposes written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA Radiation Technology Repo. This book was released on 2012 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses recent developments in neutron generator (NG) technology. It presents information on compact instruments with high neutron yield to be used for neutron activation analysis (NAA) and prompt gamma neutron activation analysis in combination with high count rate spectrometers. Traditional NGs have been shown to be effective for applications including borehole logging, homeland security, nuclear medicine and the on-line analysis of aluminium, coal and cement. Pulsed fast thermal neutron analysis, as well as tagged and timed neutron analysis, are additional techniques which can be applied using NG. Furthermore, NG can effectively be used for elemental analysis and is also effective for analysis of hidden materials by neutron radiography. Useful guidelines for developing NG based research laboratories are also provided in this publication.

Download or read book Transactions of the American Nuclear Society written by American Nuclear Society and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 1028 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monte Carlo Simulation for LINAC Standoff Interrogation of Nuclear Material written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of new techniques for the interrogation of shielded nuclear materials relies on the use of Monte Carlo codes to accurately simulate the entire system, including the interrogation source, the fissile target and the detection environment. The objective of this modeling effort is to develop analysis tools and methods-based on a relevant scenario-which may be applied to the design of future systems for active interrogation at a standoff. For the specific scenario considered here, the analysis will focus on providing the information needed to determine the type and optimum position of the detectors. This report describes the results of simulations for a detection system employing gamma rays to interrogate fissile and nonfissile targets. The simulations were performed using specialized versions of the codes MCNPX and MCNP-PoliMi. Both prompt neutron and gamma ray and delayed neutron fluxes have been mapped in three dimensions. The time dependence of the prompt neutrons in the system has also been characterized For this particular scenario, the flux maps generated with the Monte Carlo model indicate that the detectors should be placed approximately 50 cm behind the exit of the accelerator, 40 cm away from the vehicle, and 150 cm above the ground. This position minimizes the number of neutrons coming from the accelerator structure and also receives the maximum flux of prompt neutrons coming from the source. The lead shielding around the accelerator minimizes the gamma-ray background from the accelerator in this area. The number of delayed neutrons emitted from the target is approximately seven orders of magnitude less than the prompt neutrons emitted from the system. Therefore, in order to possibly detect the delayed neutrons, the detectors should be active only after all prompt neutrons have scattered out of the system. Preliminary results have shown this time to be greater than 5?s after the accelerator pulse. This type of system is illustrative of a host of real-world scenarios of interest to nonproliferation and homeland security. Due to the multistep procedure of the MCNPX/MCNP-PoliMi code system, the analysis of somewhat modular - meaning that changing details such as the detector type, position, or surroundings does not require a re-calculation of the source-target interactions. This feature allows for efficient parametric analysis of numerous system parameters without recomputing the constant source-target behavior. Such efficient analysis mechanisms could prove invaluable in the design and future deployment of an active interrogation detection system.

Download or read book Well Logging for Earth Scientists written by Darwin V. Ellis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-18 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this book demystified the process of well log analysis for students, researchers and practitioners. In the two decades since, the industry has changed enormously: technical staffs are smaller, and hydrocarbons are harder to locate, quantify, and produce. New drilling techniques have engendered new measurement devices incorporated into the drilling string. Corporate restructuring and the "graying" of the workforce have caused a scarcity in technical competence involved in the search and exploitation of petroleum. The updated 2nd Edition reviews logging measurement technology developed in the last twenty years, and expands the petrophysical applications of the measurements.

Download or read book Design and Preliminary Monte Carlo Calculations of an Active Compton Suppressed LaBr3 Ce Detector System for TRU Assay in Remote Handled Wastes written by R. P. Gardner and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies indicate LaBr3(Ce) scintillation detectors have desirable attributes, such as room temperature operability, which may make them viable alternatives as primary detectors (PD) in a Compton suppression spectrometer (CSS) used for remote-handled transuranic (RH-TRU) waste assay. A CSS with a LaBr3(Ce) PD has been designed and its expected performance evaluated using Monte Carlo analysis. The unique design of this unit minimizes the amount of "dead" material between the PD and the secondary guard detector. The analysis results indicate that this detector will have a relatively high Compton-suppression capability, with greater suppression ability for large angle-scattered photons in the PD. J.K. Hartwell1, M.E. McIlwain1, R.P. Gardner2, J. Kulisek31) Idaho National Laboratory, PO Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2114 USA 2) North Carolina State University, Dept of Nuclear Eng., PO Box 7909, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA3) Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210The US Department of Energy's transuranic (TRU) waste inventory includes about 4,500 m3 of remote-handled TRU (RH-TRU) wastes. The RH-TRU waste stream is composed of a variety of containerized waste forms having a contact surface dose rate that exceeds 2 mSv/hr (200 mrem/hr) containing waste materials with a total TRU concentration greater than 3700 Bq/g (100 nCi/g). As part of a research project to investigate the use of active Compton-suppressed room-temperature gamma-ray detectors for direct non-destructive quantification of the TRU content of these RH-TRU wastes, we have designed and purchased a unique detector system using a LaBr3(Ce) primary detector and a NaI(Tl) suppression mantle. The expected detector performance has been modeled using MCNP-X [1] and CEARCPG [2], and incorporates certain design features modeled as important to active Compton suppression systems in previously-published work [3]. The unique detector system is sketched in Fig. 1. The ~25 mm diameter by 75 mm long LaBr3(Ce) primary detector is inserted in the 25.4 mm diameter well of a 175 mm by 175 mm NaI(Tl) secondary (suppression) detector and is viewed by a 38 mm diameter PMT. An important feature of this arrangement is the lack of any "can" between the primary and secondary detectors. These primary and secondary detectors are optically isolated by a thin layer of aluminized Mylar, but the hermetic seal and thus the aluminum can surrounds the outer bound of the detector system envelope. The hermetic seal at the primary detector PMT is at the PMT wall. This arrangement virtually eliminates the "dead" material between the primary and secondary detectors, a feature that modeling indicates will substantially improve the Compton suppression capability of this device. This detector arrangement has been carefully modeled using the MCNP-X and the CEARCPG Monte Carlo codes. The results of these design calculations are compared with each other and with preliminary laboratory measurements performed on a detector system procured to these specifications. References[1]John S. Hendricks, MCNPX version 2.5c, Report LA_UR_03-2202, 2003.[2]Xiogang Han, Robin P. Gardner, and W.A. Metwally, CEARCPG: A Monte Carlo Simulation Code for Normal and Coincidence Prompt Gamma-ray Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA), in press Nuclear Science and Engineering, American Nuclear Society.[3]Wade Scates, John K. Hartwell, Rahmat Aryaeinejad, and Michael E. McIlwain, Optimization studies.

Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access