Download or read book High Pressure Molecular Science written by R. Winter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For chemists, biochemists, physicists and materials scientists, pressure as an experimental variable represents a tool that provides unique information about the microscopic properties of the materials being studied. In addition to its use as a research tool for investigating the energetics, structure, dynamics and kinetics of molecular transformations of materials, pressure is also being used to modify the properties of materials to preserve or improve their properties. The contributions collected here cover the main areas of high pressure research, including applications in materials science, condensed matter physics, chemistry and biochemistry. In addition, some papers offer more specialised aspects of high pressure studies. The book makes clear the impressive range of fundamental and applied problems that can be studied by high pressure techniques and also points towards a major growth of high pressure science and technology in the near future.
Download or read book 21st Century Challenges in Chemical Crystallography I written by D. Michael P. Mingos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-20 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume summarises recent developments and possible future directions for small molecule X-ray crystallography. It reviews specific areas of crystallography which are rapidly developing and places them in a historical context. The interdisciplinary nature of the technique is emphasised throughout. It introduces and describes the chemical crystallographic and synchrotron facilities which have been at the cutting edge of the subject in recent decades. The introduction of new computer-based algorithms has proved to be very influential and stimulated and accelerated the growth of new areas of science. The challenges which will arise from the acquisition of ever larger databases are considered and the potential impact of artificial intelligence techniques stressed. Recent advances in the refinement and analysis of X-ray crystal structures are highlighted. In addition the recent developments in time resolved single crystal X-ray crystallography are discussed. Recent years have demonstrated how this technique has provided important mechanistic information on solid-state reactions and complements information from traditional spectroscopic measurements. The volume highlights how the prospect of being able to routinely “watch” chemical processes as they occur provides an exciting possibility for the future. Recent advances in X-ray sources and detectors that have also contributed to the possibility of dynamic single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods are presented. The coupling of crystallography and quantum chemical calculations provides detailed information about electron distributions in crystals and has resulted in a more detailed understanding of chemical bonding. The volume will be of interest to chemists and crystallographers with an interest in the synthesis, characterisation and physical and catalytic properties of solid-state materials. Postgraduate students entering the field will benefit from a historical introduction to the subject and a description of those techniques which are currently used. Since X-ray crystallography is used so widely in modern chemistry it will serve to alert senior chemists to those developments which will become routine in coming decades. It will also be of interest to the broad community of computational chemists who study chemical systems.
Download or read book High pressure Molecular Spectroscopy written by Ian S. Butler and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-08-22 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compiles spectroscopy methods under high pressure to investigate different systems such as guest-host interactions, chemical reactions, multiferroics, lanthanide ions and-doped glasses or in general inorganic materials. Among others, luminescence studies, inelastic scattering as well as infrared and Raman studies under high pressure are discussed and described regarding various applications.
Download or read book Large Scale Molecular Systems written by Werner Gans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This NATO Advanced Study Institute centered on large-scale molecular systems: Quantum mechanics, although providing a general framework for the description of matter, is not easily applicable to many concrete systems of interest; classical statistical methods, on the other hand, allow only a partial picture of the behaviour of large systems. The aim of the ASI was to present both aspects of the subject matter and to foster interaction between the scientists working in these important areas of theoretical physics and theoretical chemistry. The quantum-mechanical part was mostly based on the operator-algebraic formulation of quantum mechanics and comprised quantum statistics of infinite systems with special em phasis on macroscopic observables, equilibrium conditions, irreversibility on the one hand, symmetry breaking for molecules in the radiation field and macroscopic quantum phenomena in the theory of superconductivity (BCS-theory) on the other hand. In addition, phase-space methods for many-body systems were also presented. Statistical physics was the main topic in the other lectures of the School; much emphasis was put on the statistical features of macros copic ("large") systems, the lectures dealt with mass and energy transport im polymers, in gels and in microemulsions, with aggregation and growth phenomena, with relaxation in complex, correlated systems, with conduction and optical properties of polymers, and with the means of describing disordered systems, above all fractals and related hierarchical models.
Download or read book Life at High Pressure written by Alister Macdonald and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-12 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses the ways in which high hydrostatic pressure (i.e. water pressure) affects all grades of life which thrive at pressures much greater those in our normal environment. The deep sea is the best known high pressure environment, where pressures reach a thousand times greater than those at the surface, yet it is populated by a variety of animals and microorganisms. The earth’s crust supports microorganisms which live in water filled pores at high pressure. In addition, the load bearing joints of animals like ourselves experience pulses of hydrostatic pressure of a magnitude similar to the pressure at mid ocean depths. These pressures affect molecular structures and biochemical reactions. Basic cellular processes are drastically affected – the growth and division of cells, the way nerves conduct impulses and the chemical reactions which provide energy. Adaptation to high pressure also occurs in complex physiological systems such as those which provide buoyancy. Probably the greatest challenge to our understanding of adaptation to high pressure is the stabilisation of the nervous system of deep sea animals to avoid convulsions which pressure causes in shallow water animals. Additionally the book provides insight into the engineering required to study life at high pressure: equipment which can trap small deep sea animals and retrieve them at their high pressure, equivalent equipment for microorganisms, laboratory microscopes which can focus on living cells under high pressure, incubators for bacteria which require high pressure to grow, high pressure aquaria for marine animals and lastly and briefly, manned and unmanned submersible vessels, Landers and deep drill hole sampling. Rather like the organisms studied many laboratory instruments have been adapted to function at high pressure.
Download or read book Materials Under Extreme Conditions Molecular Crystals At High Pressure written by Vincenzo Schettino and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-pressure materials research has been revolutionized in the past few years due to technological breakthroughs in the diamond anvil cell (DAC), shock wave compression and molecular dynamic simulation (MD) methods. The application of high pressure, especially together with high temperature, has revealed exciting modifications of physical and chemical properties even in the simplest molecular materials.Besides the fundamental importance of these studies to understand the composition and the dynamics of heart and planets' interior, new materials possessing peculiar characteristics of hardness and composition have been synthesized at very high pressure, while unexpected chemical reactions of simple molecules to polymers and amorphous compounds have been found at milder conditions.The variety of the phenomena observed in these extreme conditions and of the materials involved provides a common ground bridging scientific communities with different cultural and experimental backgrounds. This monograph will provide a timely opportunity to report on recent progress in the field.
Download or read book A High Pressure Modulated Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometric Sampling System written by C. A. Stearns and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High pressure Flows for Propulsion Applications written by Josette Bellan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes observations and modelling of high-pressure flows encountered in aeronautics and astronautics. They have been selected to present the current understanding of high-pressure flows. Experimental, theoretical and numerical studies are all represented. Fundamental investigations are presented first, followed by practical studies.
Download or read book From Molecules to Molecular Systems written by Saburo Nagakura and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular systems are assemblies of molecules designed to possess special qualities and desired functionality. Such systems are important because they provide materials with novel properties, and they will be particularly useful for minimizing electronic devices. Molecular systems often form organized molecular crystals, polymers, or thin films that are significantly more complex than current materials. To provide a sound basis for understanding these levels of complexity, this book provides an analysis of the fundamentals of electronic structures, dynamic processes in condensed phases, and the unique properties of organic molecular solids and the environmental effects on these properties. Also covered are the latest methods in physical chemistry that are particularly useful for deriving and controlling the functionality of molecular systems. A second volume subtitled From Molecular Systems to Molecular Devices is also being published.
Download or read book The Equation of State in Astrophysics written by G. CHABRIER (Ed) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-08-11 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique review of our understanding of dense ionised matter in astrophysical contexts - essential reading for graduate students and researchers.
Download or read book Frontiers of High Pressure Research written by Hans D. Hochheimer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a NATO ARW held in Fort Collins, Colorado, July 15-18, 1991
Download or read book Science and Technology of High Pressure written by Murli H. Manghnani and published by Universities Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These books presents a wide spectrum of research and development activities in the field of High Pressure Science and Technology. These book provide comprehensive and interdisciplinary descriptions of recent research accomplishments in the biological, chemical, Earth, materrals, physical, physiological and related sciences.
Download or read book Analysis of a Molecular Beam System Utilizing a Known Pressure Source written by Alphonsa Smith and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Temperature and High Pressure Crystal Chemistry written by Robert M. Hazen and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 41 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry introduces to the field of high-temperature and high-pressure crystal chemistry, both as a guide to the dramatically improved techniques and as a summary of the voluminous crystal chemical literature on minerals at high temperature and pressure. The three parts of the book introduces crystal chemical considerations of special relevance to non-ambient crystallographic studies, reviews the temperature- and pressure-variation of structures in major mineral groups and presents experimental techniques for high-temperature and high-pressure studies of single crystals and polycrystalline samples as well as special considerations relating to diffractometry on samples at non-ambient conditions.
Download or read book Molecular Thermodynamics of Complex Systems written by Xiaohua Lu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Molecular Thermodynamics of Complex Systems, the chapter authors critically examine not only the current state of the art in chemical research into structure and bonding, but also look at the direction the subject might take as it develops in future years.
Download or read book Frontiers of High Pressure Research II written by Hans D. Hochheimer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-12-31 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Pingree Park, CO, USA, from 10-15 June 2001
Download or read book Recent Experimental and Computational Advances in Molecular Spectroscopy written by Rui Fausto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both molecular spectroscopy and computational chemistry have witnessed rapid significant progresses in recent years. On the one hand, it is nowadays possible to compute, to quite a reasonable degree of accuracy, almost all fundamental spectroscopic properties for small molecular systems. The theoretical approach is now properly considered to be of fundamental importance in attaining a high degree of understanding of spectroscopic information. Moreover, it may be also a great help in designing and planning experiments. On the other hand, new and very powerful experimental techniques have been developed. This book combines an advanced teaching standpoint with an emphasis on the interplay between theoretical and experimental molecular spectroscopy. It covers a wide range of topics (such as molecular dynamics and reactivity, conformational analysis, hydrogen bonding and solvent effects, spectroscopy of excited states, complex spectra interpretation and simulation, software development and biochemical applications of molecular spectroscopy) and considers a large variety of molecular spectroscopic techniques, either from an experimental or from a theoretical perspective. (short text) This book combines an advanced teaching standpoint with an emphasis on the interplay between theoretical and experimental molecular spectroscopy. It covers a wide range of topics (such as molecular dynamics and reactivity, conformational analysis, hydrogen bonding and solvent effects, spectroscopy of excited states, complex spectra interpretation and simulation, software development and biochemical applications of molecular spectroscopy) and considers a large variety of molecular spectroscopic techniques either from an experimental or from a theoretical perspective.
