Download or read book Molecular and Metallic Hydrogen written by Marvin Ross and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a comprehensive review and analysis of the published data on metallic hydrogen and a summary of the properties of molecular hydrogen that are required to determine the molecular-to-metallic hydrogen transition pressure. The best available effective interaction potential is utilized in calculating the equation of state for solid molecular hydrogen. The equation of state of metallic hydrogen is determined by four different methods and the possible range of molecular-to-metallic hydrogen is largely responsible for the wide discrepancy in calculations of the transition pressure. Metastability of metallic hydrogen is discussed and the experimental high- pressure research pertinent to the determination of molecular-to-metallic hydrogen transition pressure is reviewed.
Download or read book MOLECULAR AND METALLIC HYDROGEN A REPORT PREPARED FOR DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY written by Rand Corporation and published by . This book was released on with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structure and Screening in Molecular and Metallic Hydrogen at High Pressure written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variational wavefunction is used to express the (spin restricted) Hartree-Fock energy as reciprocal lattice sums for static lattice FCC monatomic hydrogen and diatomic Pa3 molecular hydrogen. In the monatomic phase the hydrogenic orbital range closely parallels the inverse Thomas-Fermi wavevector; the corresponding energy E has a minimum of -0.929 Ryd/electron at r sub s = 1.67. For the diatomic phase E(r sub s) is similar, but the constituent energies, screening, and bond length reflect a qualitative change in the nature of the solid at r sub s = 2.8. This change is interpreted in terms of a transition from protons as structural units (at high density) to weakly interacting models (at low density). Insensitivity of the total energy to a rapid fall in the bond length suggests association with the rotational transition where the rapid molecular orientations characteristic of high pressures disappear and the molecules rotate freely at low pressure. Wood, D. M. and Ashcroft, N. W. Unspecified Center NASA-CR-164467, MSC-4460 NSG-7487...
Download or read book Experimental Studies of Metallic Hydrogen at Very High Pressures written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic hydrogen, because of its small mass and large recombination energy, is theoretically the most promising of all chemical propellants. Currently the best existing chemical propellant is the molecular hydrogen-oxygen fuel. Even in the liquid form, because of its low density, these fuels require large storage tanks, which add to the weight of a vehicle. Thus metallic hydrogen has two important advantages: it has a large specific impulse and its density will be more than an order of magnitude larger than that of ambient liquid hydrogen. Together these factors provide enormous advantages in rocket propulsion and are the reason for investigating the feasibility of producing metallic hydrogen in the laboratory. It is now known that to produce the atomic metallic phase by the brute force method of compression of molecular hydrogen, pressures in the range of 2-5 megabars are required. Achieving pressures in the 1- to 2-megabar range, under careful laboratory conditions using diamond anvils, is now fairly routine. With some care, higher pressures have been achieved. jg p7.
Download or read book Solid Hydrogen written by Jan Kranendonk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The solid molecular hydrogens are the simplest and most fundamental molecular solids. Except at ultrahigh pressures on the order of a few mega bars, where a transition to a metallic, atomic phase is expected, these solids are true molecular crystals in which the molecules retain their identity with properties not too different from those of the free molecules. At energies below the electronic excitation energy, the thermal and spectroscopic pro perties of these solids are determined by the translational, rotational, and intramolecular vibrational motions of the interacting molecules. The theo retical analysis of the solid-state properties in terms of the free molecules and the intermolecular interactions forms the main topic of this book. The available detailed knowledge of the properties of the free molecules makes it feasible to carry out this program to a large extent on the basis of first principles, and this is one of the attractive features of these systems. The solid hydrogens are dominated by quantum effects, the most out standing property being that the rotation of the molecules is free down to the lowest temperatures, in the sense that the rotational quantum number J characterizing the rotational motion of the free molecules remains a good quantum number in all of the solid-state phases except at ultrahigh pressures.
Download or read book Earth as an Evolving Planetary System written by Kent C. Condie and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-08-22 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth as an Evolving Planetary System, Second Edition, explores key topics and questions relating to the evolution of the Earth's crust and mantle over the last four billion years. This updated edition features exciting new information on Earth and planetary evolution and examines how all subsystems in our planet—crust, mantle, core, atmosphere, oceans and life—have worked together and changed over time. It synthesizes data from the fields of oceanography, geophysics, planetology, and geochemistry to address Earth's evolution. This volume consists of 10 chapters, including two new ones that deal with the Supercontinent Cycle and on Great Events in Earth history. There are also new and updated sections on Earth's thermal history, planetary volcanism, planetary crusts, the onset of plate tectonics, changing composition of the oceans and atmosphere, and paleoclimatic regimes. In addition, the book now includes new tomographic data tracking plume tails into the deep mantle. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, with a basic knowledge of geology, biology, chemistry, and physics. It also may serve as a reference tool for structural geologists and professionals in related disciplines who want to look at the Earth in a broader perspective. - Kent Condie's corresponding interactive CD, Plate Tectonics and How the Earth Works, can be purchased from Tasa Graphic Arts here: http://www.tasagraphicarts.com/progptearth.html - Two new chapters on the Supercontinent Cycle and on Great Events in Earth history - New and updated sections on Earth's thermal history, planetary volcanism, planetary crusts, the onset of plate tectonics, changing composition of the oceans and atmosphere, and paleoclimatic regimes - Also new in this Second Edition: the lower mantle and the role of the post-perovskite transition, the role of water in the mantle, new tomographic data tracking plume tails into the deep mantle, Euxinia in Proterozoic oceans, The Hadean, A crustal age gap at 2.4-2.2 Ga, and continental growth
Download or read book Metallic Hydrogen Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical studies predict that molecular hydrogen can be converted to the metallic phase at very high density and pressure. These conditions were achieved by subjecting liquid hydrogen to isentropic compression in a magnetic-flux compression device. Hydrogen became electrically conducting at a density of about 1.06 g/cm3 and a calculated pressure of about 2 Mbar. In the experimental device, a cylindrical liner, on implosion by high explosive, compresses a magnetic flux which in turn isentropically compresses a hydrogen sample; coaxial conical anvils prevent escape of the sample during compression. One anvil contains a coaxial cable that uses alumina ceramic as an insulator; this probe allows continuous measurement of the electrical conductivity of the hydrogen. A flash x-ray radiograph exposed during the experiment records the location of the sample-tube boundaries and permits calculation of the sample density. The theoretical underpinnings of the metallic transition of hydrogen are briefly summarized, and the experimental apparatus and technique, analytical methods, and results are described. 9 figures.
Download or read book Molecular Hydrogen in Space written by F. Combes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-11-06 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first multi-disciplinary review of our new understanding of molecular hydrogen in space, and its role in the early Universe.
Download or read book Jupiter written by Fran Bagenal and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive volume that summarizes our understanding of the jovian system.
Download or read book Hydrogen in Metals Application oriented properties written by G. Alefeld and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantum Size Effects in the Optical Properties of Small Metallic Particles Hartree Fock Variational Treatment of Structural Properties of Molecular and Metallic Hydrogen at High Pressures written by David Mendenhall Wood and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Discovering the Solar System written by Barrie W. Jones and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-06-13 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discovering the Solar System, Second Edition covers the Sun, the planets, their satellites and the host of smaller bodies that orbit the Sun. This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the subject for science students, and examines the discovery, investigation and modelling of these bodies. Following a thematic approach, chapters cover interiors, surfaces and the atmospheres of major bodies, including the Earth. The book starts with an overview of the Solar System and its origin, and then takes a look at small bodies, such as asteroids, comets and meteorites. Carefully balancing breadth of coverage with depth, Discovering the Solar System, Second Edition: Offers a comprehensive introduction, assuming little prior knowledge Includes full coverage of each planet, as well as the moon, Europa and Titan. The Second Edition includes new material on exoplanetary systems, and a general update throughout. Presents latest results from the Mars Rover and Cassini-Huygens missions Includes a colour plate section Contains ‘stop and think’ questions embedded in the text to aid understanding, along with questions at the end of major sections. Answers are provided at the end of the book. Provides summaries at the end of each chapter, and a glossary at the end of the book Praise for the First Edition: "(...) essential reading for all undergraduate students (...) and for those at a more advanced level approaching the subject for the first time." THE SCIENCE BOOK BOARD BOOK REVIEW “One of the best books on the solar system I have seen. The general accuracy and quality of the content is excellent.” JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH ASTRONOMICAL ASSOCIATION
Download or read book Metallic Hydrogen written by Craig Michael Tenney and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrogen Storage Materials written by R. G. Barnes and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ames Laboratory, Iowa, USA
Download or read book Exploration of the Planetary System written by A. Woszczyk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of a symposium devoted to the contemporary knowledge of the world of Copernicus - the planetary system - to commemorate the 500th anniversary of his birth, came during the XIV General Assembly of IAU in Brighton. The Executive Committee has approved it in the program of the Extraordinary (Copernicus) General Assembly ofIAU in Poland in 1973. The IAU Symposium No 65 (Copernicus Symposium IV) on the 'Exploration of the Planetary System' was held in Copernicus' native town - Torun, Poland, from 5th to 8th September, 1973 under the auspices of Commissions 16 (Physical Study of Planets and Satellites) and 40 (Radio-astronomy) and the co-sponsorship of COSPAR. There were about 140 invited participants from 29 countries and about the same num ber of other participants to the Extraordinary General Assembly of IAU who came to Torun to attend the sessions of this symposium. Special funds of the Polish Acade my of Sciences made possible the participation of several young astronomers in this meeting. We are very grateful to Professor P. Swings, the Director of the Astrophysical Institute of the University of Liege, Belgium, for accepting the task of chairing this symposium. His expert and enthusiastic guidance helped us constantly in the prepara tion. The efforts of the Members of the Scientific Organizing Committee are also very much appreciated. Special thanks are due to Professors A. Dollfus and T. Owen.
Download or read book Planetary Sciences written by Imke de Pater and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated second edition takes in the latest measurements. An authoritative introduction for graduate students in the physical sciences.
Download or read book Planetary Geoscience written by Harry Y. McSween and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ideal textbook resource to support a one-semester capstone course in planetary processes for geoscience undergraduates.
