Download or read book Genomes and Genomics of Nitrogen fixing Organisms written by Rafael Palacios and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-02-15 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomes and Genomics of Nitrogen-fixing Organisms This is Volume 3 of a seven-volume series on all aspects of Nitrogen Fixation. The series aims to be the definitive authority in the field and to act as a benchmark for some years to come. Rather than attempting to cram the whole field into a single volume, the subject matter is divided among seven volumes to allow authors the luxury of writing in depth with a comprehensive reference base. All authors are recognized practicing scientists in the area of their contribution, which ensures the high quality, relevance, and readability of the chapters. In establishing the rationale for, and the organization of, this book, we realized the need to divide it into two sections. The first section should be organism based and should review our current knowledge of the genomes of nitrogen-fixing organisms and what these nucleotide sequences tell us. The second section should then be technology based. It should review what technologies are available to mine the data inherent in the nucleotide sequences and how they are now being used to produce gene-function data from differential gene expression.
Download or read book Biology of the Nitrogen Cycle written by Hermann Bothe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Azospirillum VI and Related Microorganisms written by Istvan Fendrik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Azospirillum is a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium used for inoculation of cereal and forage crops. The book covers its physiology, ecology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. The most advanced molecular techniques to understand the regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen fixation and ammonia assimilation, as well as the basis of phytohormone production, are included. In particular, the identification of novel types of promoters, specific regulatory circuits, and new regulatory proteins is described. New insights in the plant growth promoting role of the bacteria through the analysis of their interactions with the plant are presented. Also discussed are field applications, allowing the evaluation of the physiological and agronomic involvement of Azospirillum inoculations.
Download or read book Enzymatic Bioelectrocatalysis written by Kenji Kano and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the fundamental aspects of the electrochemistry and redox enzymes that underlie enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, in which a redox enzyme reaction is coupled with an electrode reaction. Described here are the basic concept and theoretical aspects of bioelectrocatalysis and the various experimental techniques and materials used to study and characterize related problems. Also included are the various applications of bioelectrocatalysis to bioelectrochemical devices including biosensors, biofuel cells, and bioreactors. This book is a unique source of information in the area of enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, approaching the subject from a cross-disciplinary point of view.
Download or read book Genetics and Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation in Free Living Bacteria written by Werner Klipp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-28 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetics and Regulation of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria This book is the second volume of a seven-volume series, which covers all fields of research related to nitrogen fixation - from basic studies through applied aspects to environmental impacts. Volume II provides a comprehensive and detailed source of information concerning the genetics and regulation of biological nitrogen fixation in free-living prokaryotes. This preface attempts to provide the reader with some insight into how this volume originated, how it was planned, and then how it developed over the several years of its production. Once the editorial team was established, the first job was to decide which of the many free-living diazotrophs that have been subjected to genetic analysis should be included in this volume. Would we need to develop specific criteria for selection or would the organisms, in effect, select themselves? Of course, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter vinelandii, which have served (and still serve) as the main model organisms for the genetic analysis of diazotrophy, plus some of the other bacteria described in this volume, did indeed select themselves. However, there was considerable discussion surrounding well-characterized fixing species, like Azorhizobium caulinodans and Herbaspirillum seropedicae, both of which are able to fix atmospheric N under free-living conditions.
Download or read book Fe S Proteins written by Patricia C. dos Santos and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores current technologies used to investigate the formation, insertion, and function of metalloclusters associated with proteins. Chapters describe relevant topics about Fe-S cluster metabolism are explored through genetic, biochemical, spectroscopic methods. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Fe-S Proteins: Methods and Protocols aims to be a useful practical guide to researchers to help further their study in this field.
Download or read book Bacterial Metabolism written by H. W. Doelle and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacterial Metabolism focuses on metabolic events that occur in microorganisms, as well as photosynthesis, oxidation, polysaccharide formation, and homofermentation. The book first discusses the thermodynamics of biological reactions, photosynthesis and photometabolism, and chemosynthesis. Free energy, photosynthesis, enzymes, and terminology in bacterial metabolism are elaborated. The manuscript then examines acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria. Discussions focus on lactate, ethanol, glucose, and glycerol metabolism, glycol oxidation, homofermentation, polysaccharide formation, and electron transport systems. The publication takes a look at pseudomonadaceae and nitrogen metabolism as an energy source for anaerobic microorganisms. Topics include metabolism of pairs of amino acids, single amino acid metabolism, oxidation of glycolate and malonate, and oxygenases. The book is a dependable source of information for readers interested in bacterial metabolism.
Download or read book Molybdenum Enzymes written by Thomas G. Spiro and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1985-11-14 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 7 in the Metal Ions in Biology Series, divided into two parts, covers the nitrogenase enzyme complex and the molybdenum redox enzymes. Part one covers the chemistry of Mo-Fe-S clusters and their relationship to nitrogenase, cofactor chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenase, spectroscopic and electrochemical studies of the Fe-Mo cofactor and Fe-S clusters, and more. Part Two surveys oxo-molybdenum chemistry, discusses the nature of the molybdo-pterin complex, and describes the characteristics of several of the Mo redox enzymes.
Download or read book Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology written by Ghasem Najafpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-02-24 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, 2nd Edition, outlines the principles of biochemical processes and explains their use in the manufacturing of every day products. The author uses a diirect approach that should be very useful for students in following the concepts and practical applications. This book is unique in having many solved problems, case studies, examples and demonstrations of detailed experiments, with simple design equations and required calculations. - Covers major concepts of biochemical engineering and biotechnology, including applications in bioprocesses, fermentation technologies, enzymatic processes, and membrane separations, amongst others - Accessible to chemical engineering students who need to both learn, and apply, biological knowledge in engineering principals - Includes solved problems, examples, and demonstrations of detailed experiments with simple design equations and all required calculations - Offers many graphs that present actual experimental data, figures, and tables, along with explanations
Download or read book Molybdenum and Molybdenum Containing Enzymes written by Michael P. Coughlan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molybdenum and Molybdenum-Containing Enzymes is a collection of papers that deals with the various concerns with molybdenum-containing enzymes. The text first covers the organometallic chemistry of molybdenum, and then proceeds to tackling molybdenum-containing enzymes, such as xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and sulphite oxidase. The text also discusses the advancement in the understanding of molybdenum-containing enzymes. The remaining chapters deal with the genetics of molybdoenzymes and the nutritional aspects of molybdenum. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of biochemistry.
Download or read book Catalysts for Nitrogen Fixation written by Barry E. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological nitrogen fixation provides more than 50% of the total annual input of the essential element nitrogen to world agriculture. Thus, it is of immense agronomic importance and critical to food supplies, particularly in developing countries. This book, with chapters authored by internationally renowned experts, provides a comprehensive and detailed account of the fascinating history of the process - including the surprising discoveries of molybdenum-independent nitrogenases and superoxide-dependent nitrogenase; a review of Man's attempts to emulate the biological process - most successfully with the commercially dominant Haber-Bosch process; and the current state of the understanding art with respect to the enzymes - called nitrogenases - responsible for biological nitrogen fixation. The initial chapters use a historical approach to the biological and industrial processes, followed by an overview of assay methodologies. The next set of chapters focuses on the classical enzyme, the molybdenum nitrogenase, and details its biosynthesis, structure, composition, and mechanism of action as well as detailing both how variants of its two component proteins are constructed by recombinant DNA technology and how computational techniques are being applied. The sophisticated chemical modelling of the metal-containing clusters in the enzyme is reviewed next, followed by a description of the two molybdenum-independent nitrogenases - first, the vanadium-containing enzyme and then the iron-only nitrogenase - together with some thoughts as to why they exist! Then follows an up-to-date treatment of the clearly "non-classical" properties of the superoxide-dependent nitrogenase, which more closely resembles molybdenum-containing hydroxylases and related enzymes, like nitrate reductase, that it does the other nitrogenases. Each chapter contains an extensive list of references. This book is the self-contained first volume of a comprehensive seven-volume series. No other available work provides the up-to-date and in-depth coverage of this series and this volume. This book is intended to serve as an indispensable reference work for all scientists working in this area, including agriculture and the closely related metals-in-biology area; to assist students to enter this challenging area of research; and to provide science administrators easy access to vital relevant information.
Download or read book Biological Nitrogen Fixation written by Gary S. Stacey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-04-30 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phylogenetic classification of nitrogen-fixing organisms. Physiology of nitrogen fixation in free-living heterotrophs. Nitrogen fixation by photosynthetic bacteria. Nitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria. Nitrogen fixation by methanogenic bacteria. Associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Actinorhizal symbioses. Ecology of bradyrhizobium and rhizobium. The rhizobium infection process. Physiology of nitrogen-fixing legume nodules: compartments, and functions. Hydrogen cycling in symbiotic bacteria. Evolution of nitrogen-fixing symbioses. The rhizobium symbiosis of the nonlegume parasponia. Genetic analysis of rhizobium nodulation. Nodulins in root nodule development. Plant genetics of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Molecular genetics of bradyrhizobium symbioses. The enzymology of molybdenum-dependent nitrogen fixation. Alternative nitrogen fixation systems. Biochemical genetics of nitrogenase. Regulation of nitrogen fixation genes in free-living and symbiotic bacteria. Isolated iron-molybdenum cofactor of nitrogenase.
Download or read book Nitrogen in the Marine Environment written by Edward J. Carpenter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen in the Marine Environment provides information pertinent to the many aspects of the nitrogen cycle. This book presents the advances in ocean productivity research, with emphasis on the role of microbes in nitrogen transformations with excursions to higher trophic levels. Organized into 24 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the abundance and distribution of the various forms of nitrogen in a number of estuaries. This text then provides a comparison of the nitrogen cycling of various ecosystems within the marine environment. Other chapters consider chemical distributions and methodology as an aid to those entering the field. This book discusses as well the enzymology of the initial steps of inorganic nitrogen assimilation. The final chapter deals with the philosophy and application of modeling as an investigative method in basic research on nitrogen dynamics in coastal and open-ocean marine environments. This book is a valuable resource for plant biochemists, microbiologists, aquatic ecologists, and bacteriologists.
Download or read book Marine Nitrogen Fixation written by Jonathan P. Zehr and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-02 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to serve as a centralized reference document for students and researchers interested in aspects of marine nitrogen fixation. Although nitrogen is a critical element in both terrestrial and aquatic productivity, and nitrogen fixation is a key process that balances losses due to denitrification in both environments, most resources on the subject focuses on the biochemistry and microbiology of such processes and the organisms involved in the terrestrial environment on symbiosis in terrestrial systems, or on largely ecological aspects in the marine environment. This book is intended to provide an overview of N2 fixation research for marine researchers, while providing a reference on marine research for researchers in other fields, including terrestrial N2 fixation. This book bridges this knowledge gap for both specialists and non-experts, and provides an in-depth overview of the important aspects of nitrogen fixation as it relates to the marine environment. This resource will be useful for researchers in the specialized field, but also useful for scientists in other disciplines who are interested in the topic. It would provide a possible text for upper division classes or graduate seminars.
Download or read book Enzymes for Solving Humankind s Problems written by José J. G. Moura and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents specific key natural and artificial systems that are promising biocatalysts in the areas of health, agriculture, environment and energy. It provides a comprehensive account of the state of the art of these systems and outlines the significant progress made in the last decade using these systems to develop innovative, sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions. Chapters from expert contributors explore how natural enzymes and artificial systems tackle specific targets such as: climate change, carbon footprint and economy and carbon dioxide utilisation; nitrogen footprint and fixation and nitrous oxide mitigation; hydrogen production, fuel cells and energy from bacteria; biomass transformation and production of added-value compounds, as well as biosensors development. This book provides an important and inspiring account for the designing of new natural and artificial systems with enhanced properties, and it appeals not only to students and researchers working in the fields of energy, health, food and environment, but also to a wider audience of educated readers that are interested in these up-to-date and exciting subjects. Chapter “Carbon Dioxide Utilisation—The Formate Route” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book Metalloproteins written by Yilin Hu and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an up-to-date, in-depth overview of the methods that have been applied to studying the complex metalloproteins at a molecular level. Chapters cover a wide range of approaches focusing on genetic, biochemical, spectroscopic, chemical methods, and theoretical calculations. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Metalloproteins: Methods and Protocols aims to be useful for anyone who is interested in metalloprotein research and wants to address the unanswered mechanistic and biosynthetic questions of these fascinating enzyme systems.
Download or read book Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2 written by Richard W. Weaver and published by ACSESS. This book was released on 1994 with total page 1164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil sampling for microbiological analysis; Statistical treatment of microbial data; Soil sterilization; Soil water potencial; Most probable number counts; Light microscopic methods for studying soil microorganisms; Viruses; Recovery and enumeration of viable bacteria; Coliform bacteria; Autotrophic nitrifying bacteria; Free-living dinitrogen-fixing bacteria; Legume nodule symbionts; Anaerobic bacteria and processes; Denitrifiers; Actiomycetes; Frankia and the actinorhizal symbiosis; Filamentous fungi; Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Isolation of microorganisms producting antibiotics; Microbiological procedures for biodegradation research; Algae and cyanobacteria; Marking soil bacteria with lacZY; Detection of specific DNA sequences in environmental sample via polymerase chaim reaction; Isolation and purification of bacterial DNA from soil; Microbial biomass; Soil enzymes; Carbon mineralization; Isotopic methods for the study of soil organic matter dynamics ; Practical considerations in the use of nitrogen tracers in agricultural and environmental research; Nitrogen availability; Nitrogen mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification; Dinitrogen fixation; Measuring denitrification in the field; Sulfur oxidation and reduction in soils; Iron and manganese oxidation and reduction.
