Download or read book Molecular Analysis of Grey Seal Halichoerus Grypus Breeding Behaviour and Social Organisation written by Penelope J. Allen and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular and Cell Biology of Marine Mammals written by Carl J. Pfeiffer and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine mammals comprise some of the most highly adapted mammals, many with unbelievable diving capabilities, high intelligence and complex social behaviour, and some with brains larger than that of humans. Many possess echolocating and communication skills that we are only beginning to understand. This work brings together a group of experts focused upon cell and molecular biology of aquatic mammals. Methods currently being used to explore marine mammal biology are discussed, such as genetic tracing of subpopulations of whales and seals by DNA fingerprinting, use of immune system molecular markers, cell culture and ELISA techniques, and electron microscopy.
Download or read book Investigating the Genetic Basis of Boldness and Reproductive Performance Traits in the Grey Seal Halichoerus Grypus written by Christine Marie Bubac and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individual variation provides the material for natural selection to act upon, influencing ecological and evolutionary processes. Much phenotypic variation in traits, such as behaviour and life-history, have a moderate to high heritable component, suggesting that these traits may have adaptive potential and are genetically influenced. Yet, investigating the genetic basis of complex traits remains limited to few natural systems - partly due to the difficulty of sampling phenotypes in the wild, a lack of existing genomic resources, and detailed pedigree information - and remains a great challenge in biology today. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies now permit investigations into the evolutionary potential of traits as well as the genetic architecture underlying phenotypic variation in the wild. In this dissertation, I examine the genetic basis of maternal performance traits in free-ranging grey seals (Halichoerus grypus), a long-lived, iteroparous species that has rebounded following a long history of overexploitation. First, I performed a literature review and meta-analysis to examine trends in analytical molecular approaches used to elucidate the genetic basis of animal behaviour. Analyzing nearly 150 studies focused on candidate gene, quantitative trait locus mapping, and genome-wide association analyses, I discovered evidence of limited taxonomic breadth in the literature. I highlighted commonly studied candidate genes and behaviours, and further reported global genetic effect sizes for each approach undertaken. Second, I determined the existence of an animal personality signal along the shy-bold continuum in the Sable Island National Park Preserve (Nova Scotia, Canada) population of female grey seals. Using behavioural data collected over a nine-year period (2008-2016), I showed that boldness is highly repeatable both between and within years. Boldness was influenced by maternal age, such that younger females were generally less bold than older, more experienced females providing some support for the life-history trade-off hypothesis. Seal pups produced by bolder females were on average ~2 kg heavier than pups of shy females. Third, I used a candidate gene approach to investigate relationships between genetic variants and repeated measures of boldness, offspring weaning mass, and lactation duration in grey seals. I isolated and re-sequenced five candidate genes commonly screened in primates, rodents, and passerines. Here, I found genetic effects of the serotonin transporter (SERT) and dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) genes on boldness and offspring weaning mass. Genotypes explained 6.52-13.66% of total trait variation. Lastly, using a reduced representation DNA sequencing method, I obtained genome-wide genotypic data for over 450 female grey seals and determined that eight maternal traits, representing morphological, life-history, and behavioural traits, had low to moderate heritability (h2 = 0.08-0.38). Genome-wide association analyses did not reveal any loci that were significantly associated with the traits examined, suggesting these traits are polygenic. Altogether, this thesis integrated molecular genetic methodologies and statistical approaches with a longitudinal field program, and presented support for the adaptive potential of fitness-related traits in Sable Island grey seals. Results further provided insights into factors and mechanisms underlying maternal performance variation in this ecologically important marine predator. Though challenges exist in investigating the genetic basis of quantitative traits, such analyses give insight into the evolutionary dynamics and capacity for adaptation in natural populations, especially relevant as biodiversity is exposed to novel selection pressures and changing environmental conditions.
Download or read book Relatedness Genetic Diversity and the Behaviour of Breeding Grey Seals Halichoerus Grypus written by Veronica Fern Poland and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behaviour of the grey seal Halichoerus grypus Fab in the breeding season written by H.R. HEWER and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Behaviour of grey seals Halichoerus grypus during a breeding season at North Rona written by S.S. ANDERSON and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reproductive Behaviour of Grey Seals Halichoerus Grypus Breeding on the Seasonal Pack Ice in the Gulf of St Lawrence Canada written by Christian Bédard and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine the mating system of grey seals breeding on pack ice in order to compare it with the behaviour of land-breeding grey seals. There were two specific objectives, examining the effect on a unstable and unpredictable breeding habitat on the grey seal mating system and male reproductive strategies. The first was to test the hypothesis that male grey seals breeding on the pack ice should be monogamous or less polygynous than those in land-breeding colonies because of the instability of the habitat. The second objective of the study was to examine the factors associated with male reproductive success, primarily the behavioural and energetic components of reproductive effort. If the potential for polygyny is lower on pack ice than on land-based colonies, factors such as fighting ability, body size and reproductive effort may have less dramatic influences on male reproductive success.
Download or read book Reproductive Success written by T. H. Clutton-Brock and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is well worth buying for its detailed summaries of the 25 studies, many of which are classic long-term projects, and for its insights into the factors determining reproductive success."—William J. Sutherland, TREE "A must read for anyone interested in evolution, mating/social systems, and population ecology."—John L. Koprowski, IJournal of Insect Behavior
Download or read book CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine written by Leslie Dierauf and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-27 with total page 1116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine, Second Edition is the only handbook specifically devoted to marine mammal medicine and health. With 66 contributors working together to craft 45 scientifically-based chapters, the text has been completely revised and updated to contain all the latest developments in this field. Building upon the solid foundation of the previous edition, the contents of this book are light-years ahead of the topics presented in the first edition. See what's new in the Second Edition: Marine mammals as sentinels of ocean health Emerging and resurging diseases Thorough revision of the Immunology chapter Diagnostic imaging chapters to illustrate new techniques Quick reference for venipuncture sites in many marine mammals Unusual mortality events and mass strandings New topics such as a chapter on careers Wider scope of coverage including species outside of the United States and Canada Filled with captivating illustrations and photographs, the Handbook guides you through the natural history of cetaceans, pinnipeds, manatees, sea otters, and polar bears. Prepared in a convenient, easy-to-use format, it is designed specifically for use in the field. Covering more than 40 topics, this one-of-a-kind reference is packed with data. The comprehensive compilation of information includes medicine, surgery, pathology, physiology, husbandry, feeding and housing, with special attention to strandings and rehabilitation. The CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine, Second Edition is still a must for anyone interested in marine mammals.
Download or read book Biology of Marine Mammals written by John E. Reynolds and published by Smithsonian Institution. This book was released on 2013-08-06 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking an integrated approach to the biology of marine carnivores, cetaceans, and sirenians, twenty-two prominent researchers compare marine mammals with one another and with terrestrial mammals, providing a framework for fundamental biological and ecological concepts. They describe functional morphology, sensory systems, energetics, reproduction, communication and cognition, behavior, distribution, population biology, and feeding ecology. They also detail the physiological adaptations—for such activities and processes as diving, thermo-regulation, osmoregulation, and orientation—that enable marine mammals to exploit their aquatic environment.
Download or read book Behaviour of the grey seal Halichoerus grypus Fab in the spring written by K.M. BACKHOUSE and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Topography and Pond use on Male Gray Seal Halichoerus Grypus Breeding Behavior written by Jocelyn Brown-Saracino and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of animal mating systems have revealed diversity in both the environmental factors that affect reproductive success and in the mating tactics that males employ. This study investigates the effects of the physical environment on the behavior of gray seal (Halichoerus grypus) males engaging in primary and alternative mating tactics on Muskeget Island and the theoretical affects of alternative mating tactics on female mate choice. The first part of this study examines how breeding site topography affects operational sex ratios, frequency of male-male agression, and copulation success. Behavioral observations were made at two sites with different topograhy. The site with open topography, Pond Beach, in which males could approach the beach from the water on two sides, had a higher male to female ratio and a higher density of consort and non-consort males. Consort males engaged in aggressive encounters at a greater frequency, defended fewer females on average, and engaged in fewer copulations at Pond Beach, suggesting that topography may influence mating success. This study additionally sought to determine whether the use of ponds by adult gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) is a thermoregulatory response to heat stress and to determine what effects this pond-use has on the mating success of males engaging in alternative mating tactics. The proportion of consort males in the pond was correlated with air temperature in one of the two years surveyed. The proportion of females and non-consort males in the pond were not correlated with weather variables and behavioral data suggested that non-consort males utilize the pond to gain access to females on the surrounding beach, to attempt copulations in the pond, and as a refuge from aggression on the beach. Collectively, these data suggest that social factors may have a greater influence on pond-use during the breeding season on Muskeget Island than thermoregulation. Lastly, this study examines how alternative mating tactics may affect the operational sex ratios and the degree of polygyny under which females have optimal mate choice. The degree of mate choice for females is thought to increase as sex ratios become more male-biased, however, male-biased sex ratios may also result in an increase in the frequency with which males engage in alternative mating tactics. Similarly, females in larger harems may receive relatively less protection as it becomes progressively harder for males to defend each additional female against interlopers. I argue that the risk of mating with males engaging in alternative mating tactics may reduce optimal operational sex ratio and harem size for females.
Download or read book The grey seal Halichoerus grypus outside the breeding season A preliminary report written by K.M. BACKHOUSE and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spatial Structure and Population Dynamics of the British Grey Seal Halichoerus Grypus written by Philip John Harrison and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book British National Bibliography for Report Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1998-07 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Description and Probable Behavioral Significance of Grey Seal Halichoerus Grypus Vocalizations written by Jack Schneider and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
