Download or read book Modularity in Motor Control From Muscle Synergies to Cognitive Action Representation written by Andrea d'Avella and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mastering a rich repertoire of motor behaviors, as humans and other animals do, is a surprising and still poorly understood outcome of evolution, development, and learning. Many degrees-of-freedom, non-linear dynamics, and sensory delays provide formidable challenges for controlling even simple actions. Modularity as a functional element, both structural and computational, of a control architecture might be the key organizational principle that the central nervous system employs for achieving versatility and adaptability in motor control. Recent investigations of muscle synergies, motor primitives, compositionality, basic action concepts, and related work in machine learning have contributed to advance, at different levels, our understanding of the modular architecture underlying rich motor behaviors. However, the existence and nature of the modules in the control architecture is far from settled. For instance, regularity and low-dimensionality in the motor output are often taken as an indication of modularity but could they simply be a byproduct of optimization and task constraints? Moreover, what are the relationships between modules at different levels, such as muscle synergies, kinematic invariants, and basic action concepts? One important reason for the new interest in understanding modularity in motor control from different viewpoints is the impressive development in cognitive robotics. In comparison to animals and humans, the motor skills of today’s best robots are limited and inflexible. However, robot technology is maturing to the point at which it can start approximating a reasonable spectrum of isolated perceptual, cognitive, and motor capabilities. These advances allow researchers to explore how these motor, sensory and cognitive functions might be integrated into meaningful architectures and to test their functional limits. Such systems provide a new test bed to explore different concepts of modularity and to address the interaction between motor and cognitive processes experimentally. Thus, the goal of this Research Topic is to review, compare, and debate theoretical and experimental investigations of the modular organization of the motor control system at different levels. By bringing together researchers seeking to understand the building blocks for coordinating many muscles, for planning endpoint and joint trajectories, and for representing motor and behavioral actions in memory we aim at promoting new interactions between often disconnected research areas and approaches and at providing a broad perspective on the idea of modularity in motor control. We welcome original research, methodological, theoretical, review, and perspective contributions from behavioral, system, and computational motor neuroscience research, cognitive psychology, and cognitive robotics.

Download or read book Modularity in Motor Control from Muscle Synergies to Cognitive Action Representation written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mastering a rich repertoire of motor behaviors, as humans and other animals do, is a surprising and still poorly understood outcome of evolution, development, and learning. Many degrees-of-freedom, non-linear dynamics, and sensory delays provide formidable challenges for controlling even simple actions. Modularity as a functional element, both structural and computational, of a control architecture might be the key organizational principle that the central nervous system employs for achieving versatility and adaptability in motor control. Recent investigations of muscle synergies, motor primitives, compositionality, basic action concepts, and related work in machine learning have contributed to advance, at different levels, our understanding of the modular architecture underlying rich motor behaviors. However, the existence and nature of the modules in the control architecture is far from settled. For instance, regularity and low-dimensionality in the motor output are often taken as an indication of modularity but could they simply be a byproduct of optimization and task constraints? Moreover, what are the relationships between modules at different levels, such as muscle synergies, kinematic invariants, and basic action concepts? One important reason for the new interest in understanding modularity in motor control from different viewpoints is the impressive development in cognitive robotics. In comparison to animals and humans, the motor skills of today's best robots are limited and inflexible. However, robot technology is maturing to the point at which it can start approximating a reasonable spectrum of isolated perceptual, cognitive, and motor capabilities. These advances allow researchers to explore how these motor, sensory and cognitive functions might be integrated into meaningful architectures and to test their functional limits. Such systems provide a new test bed to explore different concepts of modularity and to address the interaction between motor and cognitive processes experimentally. Thus, the goal of this Research Topic is to review, compare, and debate theoretical and experimental investigations of the modular organization of the motor control system at different levels. By bringing together researchers seeking to understand the building blocks for coordinating many muscles, for planning endpoint and joint trajectories, and for representing motor and behavioral actions in memory we aim at promoting new interactions between often disconnected research areas and approaches and at providing a broad perspective on the idea of modularity in motor control. We welcome original research, methodological, theoretical, review, and perspective contributions from behavioral, system, and computational motor neuroscience research, cognitive psychology, and cognitive robotics.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Neuromechanics written by Francisco J. Valero-Cuevas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-07 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a conceptual and computational framework to study how the nervous system exploits the anatomical properties of limbs to produce mechanical function. The study of the neural control of limbs has historically emphasized the use of optimization to find solutions to the muscle redundancy problem. That is, how does the nervous system select a specific muscle coordination pattern when the many muscles of a limb allow for multiple solutions? I revisit this problem from the emerging perspective of neuromechanics that emphasizes finding and implementing families of feasible solutions, instead of a single and unique optimal solution. Those families of feasible solutions emerge naturally from the interactions among the feasible neural commands, anatomy of the limb, and constraints of the task. Such alternative perspective to the neural control of limb function is not only biologically plausible, but sheds light on the most central tenets and debates in the fields of neural control, robotics, rehabilitation, and brain-body co-evolutionary adaptations. This perspective developed from courses I taught to engineers and life scientists at Cornell University and the University of Southern California, and is made possible by combining fundamental concepts from mechanics, anatomy, mathematics, robotics and neuroscience with advances in the field of computational geometry. Fundamentals of Neuromechanics is intended for neuroscientists, roboticists, engineers, physicians, evolutionary biologists, athletes, and physical and occupational therapists seeking to advance their understanding of neuromechanics. Therefore, the tone is decidedly pedagogical, engaging, integrative, and practical to make it accessible to people coming from a broad spectrum of disciplines. I attempt to tread the line between making the mathematical exposition accessible to life scientists, and convey the wonder and complexity of neuroscience to engineers and computational scientists. While no one approach can hope to definitively resolve the important questions in these related fields, I hope to provide you with the fundamental background and tools to allow you to contribute to the emerging field of neuromechanics.

Download or read book Human Aware Robotics Modeling Human Motor Skills for the Design Planning and Control of a New Generation of Robotic Devices written by Giuseppe Averta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-25 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book moves from a thorough investigation of human capabilities during movements and interactions with objects and environment and translates those principles into the design planning and control of innovative mechatronic systems, providing significant advancements in the fields of human–robot interaction, autonomous robots, prosthetics and assistive devices. The work presented in this monograph is characterized by a significant paradigmatic shift with respect to typical approaches, as it always place the human at the center of the technology developed, and the human represents the starting point and the actual beneficiary of the developed solutions. The content of this book is targeted to robotics and neuroscience enthusiasts, researchers and makers, students and simple lovers of the matter.

Download or read book Myofascial InductionTM Volume 1 The Upper Body written by Andrzej Pilat and published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Myofascial InductionTM - An anatomical approach to the treatment of fascial dysfunction describes the properties of the fascial network and provides therapeutic solutions for different types of fascial dysfunction. The material is presented in two volumes: Volume 1 analyzes in depth the theoretical aspects related to fascia and focuses on the therapeutic procedures of Myofascial Induction Therapy (MITTM) for the upper body; Volume 2 summarizes and expands on the theoretical aspects and explains the therapeutic procedures of MIT for the lower body. Volume 1 is divided into two parts: Part 1 - The Science and Principles of Myofascial Induction and Part 2 - Practical Applications of Myofascial Induction - the Upper Body. Part 1 defines the fascia as a complex biological system before discussing its multiple characteristics. Part 2 is the practical part. Here the reader will find a wide range of manual therapeutic procedures which can be selected and used to build up the MIT treatments. These processes are explained in detail and are richly illustrated, in full color, with diagrams and photographs of their practical application in the body and in the treated samples of dissected tissues. Each chapter opens with an introduction offering to the reader some philosophical background as a reminder that philosophy allows us to relate the strictly scientific with the empirical. Praxis and empiricism are the basis of science. The author invites you to join the scientific fascial adventure that allows us to uncover areas of knowledge which may have been forgotten or which are not yet recognized as being related and which might still reveal relevant information. Once discovered, these facts can help us to better understand the kinesis of our body and so help the individual to change their body image and to improve their quality of life.

Download or read book Handbook of Sport Psychology written by Gershon Tenenbaum and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 1385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 4. Auflage dieses Klassikers und führenden Referenzwerks aus dem Bereich Sport-, Bewegungs- und Leistungspsychologie Die vollständige neue Ausgabe des Handbook of Sports Psychology, jetzt in 2 Bänden und mit unzähligen neuen Kapitel renommierter Wissenschaftler des Fachgebiets, greift auf eine Riege von Experten und Wissenschaftlern zurück, die ihr Wissen nach dem neuesten Forschungsstand in diesem gründlichen und zugänglichen Referenzwerk zusammenfassen. Die Publikation wird auch von der International Society of Sport Psychology unterstützt und ist eine unschätzbare Quelle für theoretische und praktische Informationen, mit denen sich die Rolle der Psychologie im Zusammenhang mit Sport, Bewegung und Leistung besser verstehen lässt und die zeigen, wie dieses Verständnis für die Ergebnisverbesserung in der Praxis Anwendung findet. Die 4. Auflage des Handbook of Sports Psychology präsentiert in acht Abschnitten neue Informationen zu neuen Gebieten, wie Achtsamkeit, Hirnkartierung, Selbstbewusstsein, mentale Stärke, und behandelt Spezialthemen wie Geschlecht, kulturelle Diversität, Sportler mit Behinderungen, Alkohol und Drogen im Sport. Darüber hinaus werden klassische Themen erörtert, z. B. Motivationsauslöser für sportliche Leistungen, Druck als Ansporn, Topathleten und ihr Umgang mit Führungsrollen, Bedeutung von mentalem Training, Umgang mit Verletzungen u.v.m. - 4. Auflage diese einflussreichen Referenzwerks der Sportpsychologie. - Neue Inhalte, u. a. Achtsamkeit in der Sport- und Bewegungspsychologie, Ethik, mentale Stärke, Sportsozialisierung, Einsatz von Brain-Technologien in der Praxis. - Unterstützt von der International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP). Die 4. Auflage des Handbook of Sports Psychology ist ein Muss für Studenten und Praktiker, die sich für Sportpsychologie interessieren.

Download or read book Space Time Geometries for Motion and Perception in the Brain and the Arts written by Tamar Flash and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on a two-day symposium at the Paris Institute of Advanced Study titled "space-time geometries and movement in the brain and the arts". It includes over 20 chapters written by the leading scientists and artists who presented their related research studies at the symposium and includes six sections; the first three focus on space-time geometries in perception, action and memory while the last three focus on specific artistic domains: drawing and painting, dance, music, digital arts and robotics. The book is accompanied by a dedicated webpage including related images and videos. There is an ever-growing interest in the topics covered by this book. Space and time are of fundamental importance for our understanding of human perception, action, memory and cognition, and are entities which are equally important in physics, biology, neuroscience and psychology. Highly prominent scientists and mathematicians have expressed their belief that our bodies and minds shape the ways we perceive space and time and the physical laws we formulate. Understanding how the brain perceives motion and generates -bodily movements is of great significance. There is also growing interest in studying how space, time and movement subserve artistic creations in different artistic modalities (e.g., fine arts, digital and performing arts and music). This interest is inspired by the idea that artists make intuitive use of the principles and simplifying strategies used by the brain in movement generation and perception. Building upon new understanding of the spatio-temporal geometries subserving movement generation and perception by the brain we can start exploring how artists make use of such neuro --geometrical and neuro-dynamic representations in order to express artistic concepts and emotionally affect the human observers and listeners. Scientists have also started formulating new ideas of how aesthetic judgements emerge from the principles and brain mechanisms subserving motor control and motion perception. Covering novel and multidisciplinary topics, this advanced book will be of interest to neuroscientists, behavioral scientists, artificial intelligence and robotics experts, students and artists.

Download or read book Neurologic Correlates of Motor Function in Cerebral Palsy Opportunities for Targeted Treatment written by Jessica Rose and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Artificial Systems for Medicine and Education II written by Zhengbing Hu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes the proceedings of the Second International Conference of Artificial Intelligence, Medical Engineering, Education (AIMEE2018), held in Moscow, Russia, on 6–8 October 2018. The conference covered advances in the development of artificial intelligence systems and their applications in various fields, from medicine and technology to education. The papers presented in the book discuss topics in mathematics and biomathematics; medical approaches; and technological and educational approaches. Given the rapid development of artificial intelligence systems, the book highlights the need for more intensive training for a growing number of specialists, particularly in medical engineering, to increase the effectiveness of medical diagnosis and treatment. The book is intended for specialists, students and other readers who would like to know where artificial intelligence systems can beneficially be applied in the future.

Download or read book Neuromechanics in Movement and Disease with Physiological and Pathophysiological Implications From fundamental Experiments to Bio inspired Technologies written by Ramona Ritzmann and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-05 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Surface Electromyography Barriers Limiting Widespread use of sEMG in Clinical Assessment and Neurorehabilitation written by Roberto Merletti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-04-05 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neuromechanics and Control of Physical Behavior from Experimental and Computational Formulations to Bio inspired Technologies written by Massimo Sartori and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "neuromechanics" defines an integrative approach that combines the neuromuscular control and the biomechanical aspects of physical behavior in humans and animals. Crucial to this approach is a detailed description and modeling of the interaction between the nervous system and the controlled biomechanical plant. Only then do we have the broader context within which to understand evolution, movement mechanics, neural control, energetics, disability and rehabilitation. In addition to enabling new basic science directions, understanding the interrelations between movement neural and mechanical function should also be leveraged for the development of personalized wearable technologies to augment or restore the motor capabilities of healthy or impaired individuals. Similarly, this understanding will empower us to revisit current approaches to the design and control of robotic and humanoid systems to produce truly versatile human-like physical behavior and adaptation in real-world environments. This Research Topic is therefore poised at an opportune moment to promote understanding of apparently disparate topics into a coherent focus.

Download or read book Reservoir Computing written by Kohei Nakajima and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first comprehensive book about reservoir computing (RC). RC is a powerful and broadly applicable computational framework based on recurrent neural networks. Its advantages lie in small training data set requirements, fast training, inherent memory and high flexibility for various hardware implementations. It originated from computational neuroscience and machine learning but has, in recent years, spread dramatically, and has been introduced into a wide variety of fields, including complex systems science, physics, material science, biological science, quantum machine learning, optical communication systems, and robotics. Reviewing the current state of the art and providing a concise guide to the field, this book introduces readers to its basic concepts, theory, techniques, physical implementations and applications. The book is sub-structured into two major parts: theory and physical implementations. Both parts consist of a compilation of chapters, authored by leading experts in their respective fields. The first part is devoted to theoretical developments of RC, extending the framework from the conventional recurrent neural network context to a more general dynamical systems context. With this broadened perspective, RC is not restricted to the area of machine learning but is being connected to a much wider class of systems. The second part of the book focuses on the utilization of physical dynamical systems as reservoirs, a framework referred to as physical reservoir computing. A variety of physical systems and substrates have already been suggested and used for the implementation of reservoir computing. Among these physical systems which cover a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, are mechanical and optical systems, nanomaterials, spintronics, and quantum many body systems. This book offers a valuable resource for researchers (Ph.D. students and experts alike) and practitioners working in the field of machine learning, artificial intelligence, robotics, neuromorphic computing, complex systems, and physics.

Download or read book The Cognitive Neurosciences written by Michael S. Gazzaniga and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of a work that defines the field of cognitive neuroscience, with extensive new material including new chapters and new contributors.

Download or read book 10 Tagung Der Gesellschaft F r Kognitionswissenschaft written by Johannes Haack and published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam. This book was released on 2010 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the latest biannual meeting of the German Society for Cognitive Science (Gesellschaft für Kognitionswissenschaft, GK), KogWis 2010 at Potsdam University reflects the current trends in a fascinating domain of research concerned with human and artificial cognition and the interaction of mind and brain. The Plenary talks provide a venue for questions of the numerical capacities and human arithmetic (Brian Butterworth), of the theoretical development of cognitive architectures and intelligent virtual agents (Pat Langley), of categorizations induced by linguistic constructions (Claudia Maienborn), and of a cross-level account of the “Self as a complex system“ (Paul Thagard). KogWis 2010 integrates a wealth of experimental research, cognitive modelling, and conceptual analysis in 5 invited symposia, over 150 individual talks, 6 symposia, and more than 40 poster contributions. Some of the invited symposia reflect local and regional strenghts of research in the Berlin-Brandenburg area: the two largests research fields of the university Cognitive Sciences Area of Excellence in Potsdam are represented by an invited symposium on “Information Structure” by the Special Research Area 632 (“Sonderforschungsbereich”, SFB) of the same name, of Potsdam University and Humboldt-University Berlin, and by a satellite conference of the research group “Mind and Brain Dynamics”. The Berlin School of Mind and Brain at Humboldt-University Berlin takes part with an invited symposium on “Decision Making” from a perspective of cognitive neuroscience and philosophy and the DFG Cluster of Excellence “Languages of Emotion” of Free University presents interdisciplinary research results in an invited symposium on “Symbolising Emotions”.

Download or read book Routledge Companion to Sport and Exercise Psychology written by Athanasios G. Papaioannou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an international team of expert contributors, this unique global and authoritative survey explores in full but accessible detail the basic constructs and concepts of modern sport and exercise psychology and their practical application. The book consists of 62 chapters, written by 144 contributors, deriving from 24 countries across the world. The chapters are arranged in nine cohesive sections: sport and exercise participants; the influence of environments on sport and exercise; motor skills; performance enhancement; building and leading teams; career, life skills and character development; health and well-being enhancement; clinical issues in sport psychology; and professional development and practice. Each chapter contains chapter summaries and objectives, learning aids, questions, exercises and references for further reading. Its comprehensive scale and global reach make this volume an essential companion for students, instructors and researchers in sport science, sport and exercise psychology, psychology, and physical education. It will also prove invaluable for coaches and health education practitioners.

Download or read book Progress in Motor Control written by Jozsef Laczko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-30 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This single volume brings together both theoretical developments in the field of motor control and their translation into such fields as movement disorders, motor rehabilitation, robotics, prosthetics, brain-machine interface, and skill learning. Motor control has established itself as an area of scientific research characterized by a multi-disciplinary approach. Its goal is to promote cooperation and mutual understanding among researchers addressing different aspects of the complex phenomenon of motor coordination. Topics covered include recent theoretical advances from various fields, the neurophysiology of complex natural movements, the equilibrium-point hypothesis, motor learning of skilled behaviors, the effects of age, brain injury, or systemic disorders such as Parkinson's Disease, and brain-computer interfaces. The chapter ‘Encoding Temporal Features of Skilled Movements—What, Whether and How?’ is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.