Download or read book Models for Modalities written by Jaakko Hintikka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers collected in this volume were written over a period of some eight or nine years, with some still earlier material incorporated in one of them. Publishing them under the same cover does not make a con tinuous book of them. The papers are thematically connected with each other, however, in a way which has led me to think that they can naturally be grouped together. In any list of philosophically important concepts, those falling within the range of application of modal logic will rank high in interest. They include necessity, possibility, obligation, permission, knowledge, belief, perception, memory, hoping, and striving, to mention just a few of the more obvious ones. When a satisfactory semantics (in the sense of Tarski and Carnap) was first developed for modal logic, a fascinating new set of methods and ideas was thus made available for philosophical studies. The pioneers of this model theory of modality include prominently Stig Kanger and Saul Kripke. Several others were working in the same area independently and more or less concurrently. Some of the older papers in this collection, especially 'Quantification and Modality' and 'Modes of Modality', serve to clarify some of the main possibilities in the semantics of modal logics in general.
Download or read book Mathematics Models and Modality written by John P. Burgess and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-02-21 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Burgess is the author of a rich and creative body of work which seeks to defend classical logic and mathematics through counter-criticism of their nominalist, intuitionist, relevantist, and other critics. This selection of his essays, which spans twenty-five years, addresses key topics including nominalism, neo-logicism, intuitionism, modal logic, analyticity, and translation. An introduction sets the essays in context and offers a retrospective appraisal of their aims. The volume will be of interest to a wide range of readers across philosophy of mathematics, logic, and philosophy of language.
Download or read book Mathematics of Modality written by Robert Goldblatt and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications. This book was released on 1993-10-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modal logic is the study of modalities - expressions that qualify assertions about the truth of statements - like the ordinary language phrases necessarily, possibly, it is known/believed/ought to be, etc., and computationally or mathematically motivated expressions like provably, at the next state, or after the computation terminates. The study of modalities dates from antiquity, but has been most actively pursued in the last three decades, since the introduction of the methods of Kripke semantics, and now impacts on a wide range of disciplines, including the philosophy of language and linguistics ('possible words' semantics for natural language), constructive mathematics (intuitionistic logic), theoretical computer science (dynamic logic, temporal and other logics for concurrency), and category theory (sheaf semantics). This volume collects together a number of the author's papers on modal logic, beginning with his work on the duality between algebraic and set-theoretic modals, and including two new articles, one on infinitary rules of inference, and the other about recent results on the relationship between modal logic and first-order logic. Another paper on the 'Henkin method' in completeness proofs has been substantially extended to give new applications. Additional articles are concerned with quantum logic, provability logic, the temporal logic of relativistic spacetime, modalities in topos theory, and the logic of programs.
Download or read book Objects and Modalities written by Tero Tulenheimo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops a novel generalization of possible world semantics, called ‘world line semantics’, which recognizes worlds and links between world-bound objects (world lines) as mutually independent aspects of modal semantics. Addressing a wide range of questions vital for contemporary debates in logic and philosophy of language and offering new tools for theoretical linguistics and knowledge representation, the book proposes a radically new paradigm in modal semantics. This framework is motivated philosophically, viewing a structure of world lines as a precondition of modal talk. The author provides a uniform analysis of quantification over individuals (physical objects) and objects of thought (intentional objects). The semantic account of what it means to speak of intentional objects throws new light on accounts of intentionality and singular thought in the philosophy of mind and offers novel insights into the semantics of intensional transitive verbs.
Download or read book Modalities and Multimodalities written by Walter Carnielli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades modal logic has undergone an explosive growth, to thepointthatacompletebibliographyofthisbranchoflogic,supposingthat someone were capable to compile it, would ?ll itself a ponderous volume. What is impressive in the growth of modal logic has not been so much the quick accumulation of results but the richness of its thematic dev- opments. In the 1960s, when Kripke semantics gave new credibility to the logic of modalities? which was already known and appreciated in the Ancient and Medieval times? no one could have foreseen that in a short time modal logic would become a lively source of ideas and methods for analytical philosophers,historians of philosophy,linguists, epistemologists and computer scientists. The aim which oriented the composition of this book was not to write a new manual of modal logic (there are a lot of excellent textbooks on the market, and the expert reader will realize how much we bene?ted from manyofthem)buttoo?ertoeveryreader,evenwithnospeci?cbackground in logic, a conceptually linear path in the labyrinth of the current panorama of modal logic. The notion which in our opinion looked suitable to work as a compass in this enterprise was the notion of multimodality, or, more speci?cally, the basic idea of grounding systems on languages admitting more than one primitive modal operator.
Download or read book Therapeutic Modalities written by Dave Draper and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 1457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideal for exercise science, athletic training, and physical therapy students, this updated edition of Knight and Draper’sTherapeutic Modalities: The Art and Science covers the knowledge and skills needed to select the best therapeutic modality for each client injury. This edition helps students hone their clinical decision-making skills by teaching both the how and the why of each therapeutic modality, offering the application that today’s student craves. Retaining the accessible student-friendly writing style and focus on kinesthetic learning that made the book so successful, the third edition is enhanced by new chapters, new photos, and significant updates throughout that reflect the latest research and advances in the field.
Download or read book Modal Homotopy Type Theory written by David Corfield and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The old logic put thought in fetters, while the new logic gives it wings." For the past century, philosophers working in the tradition of Bertrand Russell - who promised to revolutionise philosophy by introducing the 'new logic' of Frege and Peano - have employed predicate logic as their formal language of choice. In this book, Dr David Corfield presents a comparable revolution with a newly emerging logic - modal homotopy type theory. Homotopy type theory has recently been developed as a new foundational language for mathematics, with a strong philosophical pedigree. Modal Homotopy Type Theory: The Prospect of a New Logic for Philosophy offers an introduction to this new language and its modal extension, illustrated through innovative applications of the calculus to language, metaphysics, and mathematics. The chapters build up to the full language in stages, right up to the application of modal homotopy type theory to current geometry. From a discussion of the distinction between objects and events, the intrinsic treatment of structure, the conception of modality as a form of general variation to the representation of constructions in modern geometry, we see how varied the applications of this powerful new language can be.
Download or read book Teaching Ethics written by Daniel E. Wueste and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaching Ethics: Instructional Models, Methods, and Modalities for University Studies encourages teachers and students to approach their work with a deep awareness that people, not as disinterested reasoners devoid of or effectively cut-off from passions, make ethical judgments. An individual’s social and emotional constitution should be taken into account. This collaborative publication offers salient instructional models, methods and modalities centered on the whole person.
Download or read book Perception and Its Modalities written by Dustin Stokes and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is about the many ways we perceive. Contributors explore the nature of the individual senses, how and what they tell us about the world, and how they interrelate. The volume begins to develop better paradigms for understanding the senses and perception.
Download or read book Neighborhood Semantics for Modal Logic written by Eric Pacuit and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a state-of-the-art introduction to the basic techniques and results of neighborhood semantics for modal logic. In addition to presenting the relevant technical background, it highlights both the pitfalls and potential uses of neighborhood models – an interesting class of mathematical structures that were originally introduced to provide a semantics for weak systems of modal logic (the so-called non-normal modal logics). In addition, the book discusses a broad range of topics, including standard modal logic results (i.e., completeness, decidability and definability); bisimulations for neighborhood models and other model-theoretic constructions; comparisons with other semantics for modal logic (e.g., relational models, topological models, plausibility models); neighborhood semantics for first-order modal logic, applications in game theory (coalitional logic and game logic); applications in epistemic logic (logics of evidence and belief); and non-normal modal logics with dynamic modalities. The book can be used as the primary text for seminars on philosophical logic focused on non-normal modal logics; as a supplemental text for courses on modal logic, logic in AI, or philosophical logic (either at the undergraduate or graduate level); or as the primary source for researchers interested in learning about the uses of neighborhood semantics in philosophical logic and game theory.
Download or read book Deep Generative Models written by Anirban Mukhopadhyay and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interpretable Machine Learning written by Christoph Molnar and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2020 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.
Download or read book Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing written by Zhiyuan Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms and applications for natural language processing (NLP). It is divided into three parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, phrases, sentences and documents. Part II then introduces the representation techniques for those objects that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, networks, and cross-modal entries. Lastly, Part III provides open resource tools for representation learning techniques, and discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing.
Download or read book Michlovitz s Modalities for Therapeutic Intervention written by James W. Bellew and published by F.A. Davis. This book was released on 2022-01-24 with total page 1242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A volume in the Contemporary Perspectives in Rehabilitation Series, curated by Steven L. Wolf, PhD, PT, FAPTA Implement a current, evidence-based approach to the selection, application, and uses of therapeutic modalities as an essential tool for functionally based rehabilitation and as a complement to other types of interventions in a patient-centered model of care. The 7th Edition of this groundbreaking text fosters an in-depth understanding of the science behind each modality, its advantages and limitations, its appropriateness for specific conditions, and its implementation. A hands-on problem-solving approach promotes the development of essential clinical decision-making skills through a wealth of full-color photographs and illustrations, special features, and challenging cases studies. See what students and practitioners are saying about the previous edition… Recommend this book. “Great clinical reference for young therapists and seasoned therapists alike. Great information in a nicely organized book.”—Jane D., Online Reviewer Excellent book “Excellent content. Therapeutic modalities and many more... including spinal decompression devices.”—Online Reviewer
Download or read book Media Borders Multimodality and Intermediality written by L. Elleström and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-02-12 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking collection of essays looking at the concepts of 'intermediality' and 'multimodality' - the relationship between various forms of art and new media - and including case studies ranging from music, film and architecture to medieval ballads, biopoetry and Lettrism.
Download or read book Modal Logic written by Patrick Blackburn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-22 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an advanced 2001 textbook on modal logic, a field which caught the attention of computer scientists in the late 1970s. Researchers in areas ranging from economics to computational linguistics have since realised its worth. The book is for novices and for more experienced readers, with two distinct tracks clearly signposted at the start of each chapter. The development is mathematical; prior acquaintance with first-order logic and its semantics is assumed, and familiarity with the basic mathematical notions of set theory is required. The authors focus on the use of modal languages as tools to analyze the properties of relational structures, including their algorithmic and algebraic aspects, and applications to issues in logic and computer science such as completeness, computability and complexity are considered. Three appendices supply basic background information and numerous exercises are provided. Ideal for anyone wanting to learn modern modal logic.
Download or read book Graph Structure and Monadic Second Order Logic written by Bruno Courcelle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of graph structure has advanced in recent years with great strides: finite graphs can be described algebraically, enabling them to be constructed out of more basic elements. Separately the properties of graphs can be studied in a logical language called monadic second-order logic. In this book, these two features of graph structure are brought together for the first time in a presentation that unifies and synthesizes research over the last 25 years. The authors not only provide a thorough description of the theory, but also detail its applications, on the one hand to the construction of graph algorithms, and, on the other to the extension of formal language theory to finite graphs. Consequently the book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in graph theory, finite model theory, formal language theory, and complexity theory.
