Download or read book Modeling of Combined Physical mechanical Moisture Induced Damage in Asphaltic Mixes written by Niki Kringos and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Coupled Micromechanical Model of Moisture induced Damage in Asphalt Mixtures written by Silvia Caro Spinel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deleterious effect of moisture on the structural integrity of asphalt mixtures has been recognized as one of the main causes of early deterioration of asphalt pavements. This phenomenon, usually referred to as moisture damage, is defined as the progressive loss of structural integrity of the mixture that is primarily caused by the presence of moisture in liquid or vapor state. Moisture damage is associated with the development of different physical, mechanical, and chemical processes occurring within the microstructure of the mixture at different intensities and rates. Although there have been important advancements in identifying and characterizing this phenomenon, there is still a lack of understanding of the damage mechanisms occurring at the microscopic level. This situation has motivated the research work reported in this dissertation. The main objective of this dissertation is to formulate and apply a numerical micromechanical model of moisture-induced damage in asphalt mixtures. The model focuses on coupling the effects of moisture diffusion-one of the three main modes of moisture transport within asphalt mixtures-with the mechanical performance of the microstructure. Specifically, the model aims to account for the effect of moisture diffusion on the degradation of the viscoelastic bulk matrix of the mixture (i.e., cohesive degradation) and on the gradual deterioration of the adhesive bonds between the aggregates and the asphalt matrix (i.e., adhesive degradation). The micromechanical model was applied to study the role of some physical and mechanical properties of the constitutive phases of the mixtures on the susceptibility of the mixture to moisture damage. The results from this analysis suggest that the diffusion coefficients of the asphalt matrix and aggregates, as well as the bond strength of the aggregate-matrix interface, have the most influence on the moisture susceptibility of the mixtures. The micromechanical model was further used to investigate the influence of the void phase of asphalt mixtures on the generation of moisture-related deterioration processes. Two different probabilistic-based approaches were used to accomplish this objective. In the first approach, a volumetric distribution of air void sizes measured using X-Ray Computed Tomography in a dense-graded asphalt mixture was used to generate probable void structures in a microstructure of an asphalt mixture. In the second approach, a stochastic modeling technique based on random field theory was used to generate probable air void distributions of the mixture. In this second approach, the influence of the air void was accounted for by taking the physical and mechanical properties of the asphalt matrix dependent on probable void distributions. Although both approaches take into consideration the characteristics of the air void phase on the mechanical response of the mixtures subjected to moist environments, the former explicitly introduces the air phase within the microstructure while the latter indirectly includes its effects by modifying the material properties of the bulk matrix. The results from these simulations demonstrated that the amount, variability and location of air voids are decisive in determining the moisture-dependent performance of asphalt mixtures. The results from this dissertation provide new information on the kinetics of moisture damage mechanisms in asphalt mixtures. In particular, the results obtained from applying the micromechanical model permitted identification of the relative influence of the characteristics of the constitutive phases of a mixture on its moisture-related mechanical performance. This information can be used as part of design methodologies of asphalt mixtures, and/or as an input in life-cycle analysis models and maintenance programs of road infrastructure.
Download or read book Long and Deep Tunnels written by Vittorio Guglielmetti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 1336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design and construction of “long and deep” tunnels, i.e. tunnels under mountains, characterised by either considerable length and/or overburden, represent a considerable challenge. The scope of this book is not to instruct how to design and construct such tunnels but to share a method to identify the potential hazards related to the process of designing and constructing long and deep tunnels, to produce a relevant comprehensive analysis and listing, to quantify the probability and consequences, and to design proper mitigation measures and countermeasures. The design, developed using probabilistic methods, is verified during execution by means of the so called Plan for Advance of the Tunnel (PAT) method, which allows adapting the design and control parameters of the future stretches of the tunnel to the results of the stretches already finished, using the monitoring data base. Numerous criteria are given to identify the key parameters, necessary for the PAT procedure. Best practices of excavation management with the help of real time monitoring and control are also provided. Furthermore cost and time evaluation systems are analysed. Finally, contractual aspects related to construction by contract are investigated, for best development and application of models more appropriate for tunnelling-construction contracts. The work will be of interest to practising engineers, designers, consultants and students in mining, underground, tunnelling, transportation and construction engineering, as well as to foundation and geological engineers, urban planners/developers and architects.
Download or read book Proceedings of the RILEM International Symposium on Bituminous Materials written by Hervé Di Benedetto and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-25 with total page 1806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume highlights the latest advances, innovations, and applications in bituminous materials and structures and asphalt pavement technology, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the RILEM International Symposium on Bituminous Materials (ISBM), held in Lyon, France on December 14-16, 2020. The symposium represents a joint effort of three RILEM Technical Committees from Cluster F: 264-RAP “Asphalt Pavement Recycling”, 272-PIM “Phase and Interphase Behaviour of Bituminous Materials”, and 278-CHA “Crack-Healing of Asphalt Pavement Materials”. It covers a diverse range of topics concerning bituminous materials (bitumen, mastics, mixtures) and road, railway and airport pavement structures, including: recycling, phase and interphase behaviour, cracking and healing, modification and innovative materials, durability and environmental aspects, testing and modelling, multi-scale properties, surface characteristics, structure performance, modelling and design, non-destructive testing, back-analysis, and Life Cycle Assessment. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, present a wealth of exciting ideas that will open novel research directions and foster new multidisciplinary collaborations.
Download or read book Advances in Asphalt Materials written by Shin-Che Huang and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The urgent need for infrastructure rehabilitation and maintenance has led to a rise in the levels of research into bituminous materials. Breakthroughs in sustainable and environmentally friendly bituminous materials are certain to have a significant impact on national economies and energy sustainability. This book will provide a comprehensive review on recent advances in research and technological developments in bituminous materials. Opening with an introductory chapter on asphalt materials and a section on the perspective of bituminous binder specifications, Part One covers the physiochemical characterisation and analysis of asphalt materials. Part Two reviews the range of distress (damage) mechanisms in asphalt materials, with chapters covering cracking, deformation, fatigue cracking and healing of asphalt mixtures, as well as moisture damage and the multiscale oxidative aging modelling approach for asphalt concrete. The final section of this book investigates alternative asphalt materials. Chapters within this section review such aspects as alternative binders for asphalt pavements such as bio binders and RAP, paving with asphalt emulsions and aggregate grading optimization. Provides an insight into advances and techniques for bituminous materials Comprehensively reviews the physicochemical characteristics of bituminous materials Investigate asphalt materials on the nano-scale, including how RAP/RAS materials can be recycled and how asphalt materials can self-heal and rejuvenator selection
Download or read book Modeling and Design of Flexible Pavements and Materials written by Dallas N. Little and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook lays out the state of the art for modeling of asphalt concrete as the major structural component of flexible pavements. The text adopts a pedagogy in which a scientific approach, based on materials science and continuum mechanics, predicts the performance of any configuration of flexible roadways subjected to cyclic loadings. The authors incorporate state-of the-art computational mechanics to predict the evolution of material properties, stresses and strains, and roadway deterioration. Designed specifically for both students and practitioners, the book presents fundamentally complex concepts in a clear and concise way that aids the roadway design community to assimilate the tools for designing sustainable roadways using both traditional and innovative technologies.
Download or read book Water in Road Structures written by Andrew Dawson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-21 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only book world-wide addressing this topic. The principal output of the European co-operative Action on "Water Movements in Road Pavements & Embankments". Provides unique guidance on assessing water condition and its affects on road performance. Provides unique guidance on assessing and ameliorating contaminant movement in pavement groundwater. Written by leading experts in Europe.
Download or read book Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems Second Edition written by Douglas M. Marshall and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-10-26 with total page 1944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of technological capability, miniaturization, and demand for aerial intelligence is pushing unmanned aerial systems (UAS) into the realm of a multi-billion dollar industry. This book surveys the UAS landscape from history to future applications. It discusses commercial applications, integration into the national airspace system (NAS), System function, operational procedures, safety concerns, and a host of other relevant topics. The book is dynamic and well-illustrated with separate sections for terminology and web- based resources for further information.
Download or read book Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements VI written by A. Nikolaides and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements contains 113 accepted papers from the 6th International ConferenceBituminous Mixtures and Pavements (6th ICONFBMP, Thessaloniki, Greece, 10-12 June 2015). The 6th ICONFBMP is organized every four years by the Highway Engineering Laboratory of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, in conjunction with
Download or read book Advances in Unsaturated Soils written by Bernardo Caicedo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-01-17 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New theories and testing techniques related with Unsaturated Soil Mechanics have proven to be valuable tools to study a broad spectrum of geo-materials which includes rocks, rock fills, frozen soils and domiciliary solid wastes. These new theories and testing techniques have permitted the analysis of several traditional problems from a new perspect
Download or read book Materials and Infrastructures 2 written by Jean-Michel Torrenti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the second half of a diverse collection of chapters in the field of materials and infrastructures in transport systems, which illustrate the technological and methodological innovations required to rise to the challenge of building more sustainable transport infrastructures for the future. The authors explore the potential of these sustainable solutions to improve the performance and efficiency of materials and infrastructures, with a reduced environmental impact and lower cost. Theoretical and practical case studies address a variety of topics including circular economy and sustainability, the impacts of climate change, durability, lifecycle, auscultation and the monitoring of infrastructures. This book provides transport researchers and professionals with a better understanding of the current and future trends in these innovative fields, enabling them to put into practice new technologies and methods of design and management, so that new solutions can become current practices to truly improve modern transport systems.
Download or read book Functional Pavement Design written by Sandra Erkens and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional Pavement Design is a collections of 186 papers from 27 different countries, which were presented at the 4th Chinese-European Workshops (CEW) on Functional Pavement Design (Delft, the Netherlands, 29 June-1 July 2016). The focus of the CEW series is on field tests, laboratory test methods and advanced analysis techniques, and cover analysis, material development and production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. The main areas covered by the book include: - Flexible pavements - Pavement and bitumen - Pavement performance and LCCA - Pavement structures - Pavements and environment - Pavements and innovation - Rigid pavements - Safety - Traffic engineering Functional Pavement Design is for contributing to the establishment of a new generation of pavement design methodologies in which rational mechanics principles, advanced constitutive models and advanced material characterization techniques shall constitute the backbone of the design process. The book will be much of interest to professionals and academics in pavement engineering and related disciplines.
Download or read book Environmental Degradation of Advanced and Traditional Engineering Materials written by Lloyd H. Hihara and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the main, ongoing challenges for any engineering enterprise is that systems are built of materials subject to environmental degradation. Whether working with an airframe, integrated circuit, bridge, prosthetic device, or implantable drug-delivery system, understanding the chemical stability of materials remains a key element in determining their useful life. Environmental Degradation of Advanced and Traditional Engineering Materials is a monumental work for the field, providing comprehensive coverage of the environmental impacts on the full breadth of materials used for engineering infrastructure, buildings, machines, and components. The book discusses fundamental degradation processes and presents examples of degradation under various environmental conditions. Each chapter presents the basic properties of the class of material, followed by detailed characteristics of degradation, guidelines on how to protect against corrosion, and a description of testing procedures. A complete, self-contained industrial reference guide, this valuable resource is designed for students and professionals interested in the development of deterioration-resistant technological systems constructed with metallurgical, polymeric, ceramic, and natural materials.
Download or read book Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements VII written by A.F. Nikolaides and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-24 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highway engineers are facing the challenge not only to design and construct sustainable and safe pavements properly and economically. This implies a thorough understanding of materials behaviour, their appropriate use in the continuously changing environment, and implementation of constantly improved technologies and methodologies. Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements VII contains more than 100 contributions that were presented at the 7th International Conference ‘Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements’ (7ICONFBMP, Thessaloniki, Greece 12-14 June 2019). The papers cover a wide range of topics: - Bituminous binders - Aggregates, unbound layers and subgrade - Bituminous mixtures (Hot, Warm and Cold) - Pavements (Design, Construction, Maintenance, Sustainability, Energy and environment consideration) - Pavement management - Pavement recycling - Geosynthetics - Pavement assessment, surface characteristics and safety - Posters Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements VII reflects recent advances in highway materials technology and pavement engineering, and will be of interest to academics and professionals interested or involved in these areas.
Download or read book A Continuum Coupled Moisture mechanical Constitutive Model for Asphalt Concrete written by Maryam Shakiba and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presence and flow of moisture degrade engineering properties of asphalt concrete as part of thermodynamic, chemical, physical, and mechanical processes. This detrimental effect is referred to as moisture damage. The aim of this dissertation is the development of physically based constitutive relationships along with a computational tool for the fundamental analysis of combined mechanical and moisture induced damage of asphalt concrete. Such a tool can greatly contribute to an improved material selection procedure and give insight into the various damage inducing mechanisms in asphalt concrete. In this dissertation, thermo-hygro-mechanical constitutive relationships are developed based on the principle of virtual power and laws of thermodynamics in order to simulate moisture-induced damage of asphalt concrete. An evolution function is proposed to consider the detrimental effect of moisture diffusion and presence inside the material. The effect of pore water pressure is incorporated using Biot's coefficient. The Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) theory is extended to Continuum Moisture-Mechanical Damage Mechanics (CMMDM) to incorporate the moisture degradation effect and couple it to the mechanical response of asphalt concrete. The proposed moisture damage constitutive relationships are implemented in the Pavement Analysis using Nonlinear Damage Approach (PANDA) finite element (FE) package to model the moisture damage effect on the complex environmental-mechanical response of asphalt concrete. The developed constitutive relationship and framework are validated over different loading scenarios and a range of experimental measurements. The developed constitutive relationship and framework are applied to simulate pavement performance. The focus is on investigating the effects of various moisture conditioning periods on permanent deformation (rutting) and fatigue damage of asphalt pavements. The constitutive and computational models are used to develop a framework for the simulation of the effect of moisture on the microstructural response of asphalt concrete. This framework explicitly incorporates the material microstructural distribution and properties. The developed framework is used to perform two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) micromechanical simulations in order to study and investigate the capability of the proposed constitutive relationships to predict the microstructural response of asphalt concrete under combined effect of moisture diffusion and mechanical loading. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151963
Download or read book An Assessment of Moisture Induced Damage in Asphalt Pavements written by Yar Zar Moe Htet and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Moisture-induced damage is one the major causes of deterioration of asphalt pavements and extensive research has been conducted on this topic. Theoretical and experimental results have led the researchers to believe that moisture-induced damages are caused mainly by the generation of pore water pressure in asphalt mixtures when traffic passes over a pavement. The Moisture Induced Sensitivity Tester (MIST) has been recently developed to simulate the phenomenon of repeated pore pressure generation and deterioration in the laboratory. The objective of this study was to evaluate moisture-induced damage in typical Maine Department of Transportation (DOT) asphalt mixes, with the use of MIST, pre and post testing, and analysis of data. The MIST was used to condition Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) samples that were compacted from eight typical Maine DOT mixes, with different types of aggregates and asphalt binder. A modified Dynamic modulus test in Indirect Tensile Mode was used for the determination of damage. A layered elastic model, along with a fatigue-cracking criterion, was utilized to assess the total impact on the pavement lives. Monte Carlo analysis was conducted to determine the distribution of number of repetitions to failure of pavements that are subjected to moisture damage. The major conclusions are that most of the mixes are likely to experience a reduction in their life due to the effect of moisture and that the Micro-Deval and the fine aggregate absorption test results can be related to such damage. A composite factor, consisting of both of these test results, is recommended for regular use by the DOT to screen mixes with high moisture damage potential.
Download or read book Micro Structural Analysis of Moisture Induced Damage Potential of Asphalt Mixes Containing RAP written by Rouzbeh Ghabchi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) on moisture-induced damage potential of asphalt mixes using two different approaches: (i) micro-structural analysis of aggregate-asphalt bonding based on the surface free energy (SFE), and (ii) mechanical testing of asphalt mixes using retained indirect tensile strength ratio (TSR) and Hamburg wheel tracking (HWT). This study involved two phases. In the first phase, the SFE (non-polar, acidic and basic) components of a virgin PG 64-22 binder mixed with 0, 25, and 40 % of simulated RAP binder and aggregates (limestone, rhyolite, RAP extracted aggregate) were measured using a dynamic contact angle (DCA) device and a universal sorption device (USD), respectively. Thereafter, composite work of adhesion and composite work of debonding, and composite energy ratios for each combination of asphalt binder and aggregates were determined to assess the moisture-induced damage potential of the mixes containing different percentages of RAP (0, 25, and 40 %). In the second phase, the TSR and HWT tests were conducted on asphalt mixes containing different percentages of RAP (0, 25, and 40 %) to evaluate their moisture-induced damage potential. Both the methods showed that the moisture-induced damage potential decreased with increasing amount of RAP in asphalt mixes. A strong correlation was found to exist between the moisture-induced damage potential predicted using the micro-structural method and laboratory performance tests. It was found that the micro-structural energy approach, as a mechanistic framework, can be successfully used as an indicator of moisture-induced damage potential of the asphalt mixes. It is expected that the present study would be helpful in understanding the moisture-induced damage potential of flexible pavements containing RAP.
