Download or read book Modal Verbs written by Jacqueline Melvin and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modal auxiliary verbs have long been a nightmare for anyone learning English as a second language.This particular aspect of the English language is probably the one in which learners find the most complicated. Without context the lexical meaning of modal auxiliary verbs becomes extremely vague. With their parallelisms and overlapping meanings they become a messy business. At times the negative has a totally different meaning from the affirmative and more often than not, there is a shift in meaning according to context. Modal auxiliary verbs are used to express degrees of certainty/uncertainty, probability/improbability, possibility/impossibility, expectation/lack of expectation, and so forth. These tricky aspects of the English language are used with great frequency by native speakers. Very often non native learners of English are unable to grasp their subtleties due to their range of meanings. In this book you will find out how to use each modal. You will discover all the meanings each one has - all in one little book.
Download or read book Learn Real English Modal Verbs written by Alex Markham and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2017-07-31 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to use modal verbs, one of the most important areas of English grammar. You will find out the meanings and correct contexts for every modal and semi-modal verb and how to use alternative or substitute constructions when necessary. The book covers not only each meaning of every modal and semi-modal verb but also the relationships between them, the characteristics and rules and the often neglected area of pronunciations and stresses used by native speakers. Soft and weak pronunciations in spoken English, for example, impart different meanings, an area rearely covered in standard courses or grammar books. In addition Learn Real English Modal Verbs covers real English uses of modals, showing you the way that native speakers really use modals which isn't always how grammar books and English courses teach. A FREE BONUS Modal Verb Pronunciation Guide with associated 53 online audio recordings is available to download with every purchase of this book. Learn how to identify and understand modal verbs in real spoken English with this free supplement. Suitable for learners of English as a Second Language, English tutors and those wanting to brush up on the grammar of Modal Auxiliary Verbs
Download or read book Modal Verbs and Modality in Literary and Non Literary Texts written by Monika Skorasińska and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2023-02-21 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MODAL VERBS written by NARAYAN CHANGDER and published by CHANGDER OUTLINE. This book was released on 2024-01-12 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE MODAL VERBS MCQ (MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS) SERVES AS A VALUABLE RESOURCE FOR INDIVIDUALS AIMING TO DEEPEN THEIR UNDERSTANDING OF VARIOUS COMPETITIVE EXAMS, CLASS TESTS, QUIZ COMPETITIONS, AND SIMILAR ASSESSMENTS. WITH ITS EXTENSIVE COLLECTION OF MCQS, THIS BOOK EMPOWERS YOU TO ASSESS YOUR GRASP OF THE SUBJECT MATTER AND YOUR PROFICIENCY LEVEL. BY ENGAGING WITH THESE MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS, YOU CAN IMPROVE YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE SUBJECT, IDENTIFY AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT, AND LAY A SOLID FOUNDATION. DIVE INTO THE MODAL VERBS MCQ TO EXPAND YOUR MODAL VERBS KNOWLEDGE AND EXCEL IN QUIZ COMPETITIONS, ACADEMIC STUDIES, OR PROFESSIONAL ENDEAVORS. THE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS ARE PROVIDED AT THE END OF EACH PAGE, MAKING IT EASY FOR PARTICIPANTS TO VERIFY THEIR ANSWERS AND PREPARE EFFECTIVELY.
Download or read book The Teacher s Grammar of English with Answers written by Ron Cowan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-26 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Teacher's grammar of English enables English language teachers and teachers-in-training to fully understand and effectively teach English grammar. With comprehensive presentation of form, meaning, and usage, along with practical exercises and advice on teaaching difficult structures, it is both a complete grammar course and an essential reference text."--Back cover.
Download or read book Investigations of the Syntax semantics pragmatics Interface written by Robert D. Van Valin and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigations of the Syntax-Semantics-Pragmatics Interface presents on-going research in Role and Reference Grammar in a number of critical areas of linguistic theory: verb semantics and argument structure, the nature of syntactic categories and syntactic representation, prosody and syntax, information structure and syntax, and the syntax and semantics of complex sentences. In each of these areas there are important results which not only advance the development of the theory, but also contribute to the broader theoretical discussion. In particular, there are analyses of grammatical phenomena such as transitivity in Kabardian, the verb-less numeral quantifier construction in Japanese, and an unusual kind of complex sentence in Wari' (Chapakuran, Brazil) which not only illustrate the descriptive and explanatory power of the theory, but also present interesting challenges to other approaches. In addition, there are papers looking at the implications and applications of Role and Reference Grammar for neurolinguistic research, parsing and automated text analysis.
Download or read book Modality in Bengali written by Anna Rácová and published by Ústav orientalistiky SAV. This book was released on with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes the basic concepts and types of modality in Bengali, classifies them and concurrently shows through which linguistic means the individual modal domains are expressed in Bengali within socio-cultural environment. Close attention is particularly paid to the event modality, but the propositional (epistemic) modality is also discussed. The analysis presents both similarities and differences in the expression of this cross-linguistic semantic category between Bengali and other languages.
Download or read book Time and Modality written by Jacqueline Guéron and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-07-27 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a unique work of reference. Not only does it unite studies which explore the syntax and semantics of tense or modality, but it is the first book of its kind to embrace the interaction of tense and modality within a coherent generative model.
Download or read book Mood and Modality written by Frank Robert Palmer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-04-16 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palmer investigates the category of modality, drawing on a wealth of examples from a wide variety of languages.
Download or read book ENGLISH WITH NIMISHA BANSAL written by NIMISHA BANSAL and published by Invincible Publishers. This book was released on 2019-09-11 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is published by invincible publishers and we are proud to inform you that this is an Indian title. The author of the book is also Indian.
Download or read book Modals in the Languages of Europe written by Björn Hansen and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first comprehensive survey of modals and modal constructions in the languages of Europe. It is a collaborative effort between scholars from Europe and the United States, stemming from a workshop on Modals in the Languages of Europe in Valencia. The aim of this book is to describe the properties of modals and modal constructions in the European area and to compare the systems in individual languages or language families from an areal and genetic perspective. For the sake of contrast, the book also looks at the expression of modality in some languages just outside of Europe. The book consists of fourteen chapters on modal systems in individual languages or language families, written by experts in the respective languages, and an introductory and concluding chapter, written by the editors. The book gives both a description of the modals in the individual languages and an account of the nature and status of modals in general. It provides the reader with a theoretical account of how modals and modal constructions are grammaticalized. This theoretical account is informed by the parameters of grammaticalization of Christian Lehmann. These parameters were chosen because they are language-independent, as opposed to more language specific criteria (for instance, the NICE-criteria for English). The parameters themselves are examined as well for their suitability as part of any theory of grammaticalization. The book thus gives readers access to a collection of data on modality that surpasses most works in this field and also provides a fresh perspective on issues of grammaticalization and language contact. It is therefore of interest to scholars of modality, language contact and areal linguistics, grammaticalization theory and typology.
Download or read book Modality Aspect and Negation in Persian written by Azita Hojatollah Taleghani and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph presents a morpho-syntactic investigation on modality, aspect, and negation by concentrating on Persian, and is designed to contribute to theoretical linguistics and the study of Iranian languages. The analysis is based on the Minimalist program. This research challenges the idea that the syntactic structure maps on the semantic interpretation or vice versa. The discussion presented in this monograph shows that the syntactic structure of Persian modals is uniform no matter if the modals are interpreted as having root or epistemic readings. Although it is claimed that modals are raising constructions in different languages, modals in Persian, which does not have subject-raising constructions, show a different syntactic behavior. Furthermore, the structural analysis of the interaction of Persian modals and negation shows that because of the scope interaction of negation and modals, the syntactic structure of modals with respect to negation mostly corresponds to the semantic interpretation of modals.
Download or read book Modality in English and Chinese written by Renzhi Li and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modality is a grammatical, or semantic-grammatical, category. It is an important component of human languages. This is at least the case in most European languages. To what extent is it a near-universal? This thesis is to contribute to the question. It focuses on modal verbs in English and Chinese, two genetically and geographically unrelated languages, and analyzes what these two languages have in common and how they differ in their systems of modality. To achieve the aim, the thesis adopts the theoretical framework proposed by van der Auwera (1996, 1998 with Plungian, 2001) for the typological study of modality. Its language-specific descriptions involve the morphosyntactic features, notional functions, modal logic, and diachronic development. With these descriptions, it constructs a cross-linguistic database in a uniform, parallel structure. Then on the basis of this database, it deals with the cross-linguistic issues about modality in English and Chinese. Like many of the studies in this area, this research makes use of the well-sampled data in the relevant literature, thereby assuring the same degree of representativeness. When the data do not meet this need, it resorts to computer-based corpora. In the diachronic study of Chinese modality, quantitative analysis is adopted in proposing a development path for the senses of a modal. English translation is given particular attention in the description of Chinese modality and cross-linguistic analyses. One can only know one's own language only if one compares it with other languages. The present study is conducive to a better understanding of English and Chinese. It contributes not only to the investigation of language universals, but also to the study of human cognition and other linguistic or applied linguistic issues.
Download or read book Modality aspect Interfaces written by Werner Abraham and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main topics pursued in this volume are based on empirical insights derived from Germanic: logical and typological dispositions about aspect-modality links. These are probed in a variety of non-related languages. The logically establishable links are the following: Modal verbs are aspect sensitive in the selection of their infinitival complements embedded infinitival perfectivity implies root modal reading, whereas embedded infinitival imperfectivity triggers epistemic readings. However, in marked contexts such as negated ones, the aspectual affinities of modal verbs are neutralized or even subject to markedness inversion. All of this suggests that languages that do not, or only partially, bestow upon full modal verb paradigms seek to express modal variations in terms of their aspect oppositions. This typological tenet is investigated in a variety of languages from Indo-European (German, Slavic, Armenian), African, Asian, Amerindian, and Creoles. Seeming deviations and idiosyncrasies in the interaction between aspect and modality turn out to be highly rule-based.
Download or read book A Concise Grammar for English Language Teachers written by Tony Penston and published by TP Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Getting Things Done at Work written by Bernadette Vine and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The linguistic study of workplace language is a new and exciting area of research. This book explores the expression of power in a New Zealand workplace through examination of 52 everyday interactions between four women and their colleagues. The main focus of this research is the expression of three types of "control acts", i.e., directives, requests and advice. The women include two managers who demonstrate an interactive participative style of management. They tend to minimise rather than exert power, although their status is still evident in their speech. The study is original in its combination of a quantitative and a qualitative approach, as well as in its combination of a detailed categorisation of head acts and an analysis of context and role relationships. Through the design of the study and the methodology used, the results which are brought forward challenge earlier research both on power and control acts. The data analyzed is drawn from the Wellington Language in the Workplace Project.
Download or read book Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics written by Beke Hansen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-12-24 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, Beke Hansen analyses variation and change in the modal systems of three second-language varieties of English in Asia by taking a sociolinguistic approach to corpus data. Her study focuses on the modal and semi-modal verbs of strong obligation and necessity in Hong Kong English, Indian English, and Singapore English based on the relevant ICE component corpora. She adopts a typologically-informed perspective on variation in World Englishes by comparing the structures of the speakers’ first languages with the structures of the emergent varieties in the expression of epistemic modality. Beyond this, she analyses language change by constructing apparent-time scenarios to compensate for the lack of diachronic corpora in World Englishes.
