Download or read book Minnesota Caves written by Greg Brick PhD and published by Arcadia Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-31 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Minnesota's caves have a deep history. Carver's Cave is the first to be described in the literature of North America after explorer Jonathan Carver visited it in 1766. The storied Fountain Cave was the birthplace of the city of St. Paul. Just after the American Civil War, Chute's Cave inspired an elaborate national hoax regarding an ancient civilization. Folklore surrounds Petrified Indian Cave, where a strangely shaped stalagmite was mistaken for a person turned to stone. Geologist and urban explorer Greg Brick, PhD, uses decades of research to uncover the secrets of geological wonders.

Download or read book Caves and Karst of the Upper Midwest USA written by Greg A. Brick and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the karst and pseudokarst of the Upper Midwest, USA, consisting of the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois—the first regional synthesis in 40 years. Starting with an overview of the regional geology of what is largely glaciated fluviokarst and paleokarst developed on Paleozoic carbonates, but including other lithologies such as the St. Peter Sandstone and the Ft. Dodge Gypsum, the caves, springs, sinkholes, and karst hydrogeology of each state are described. Special attention is devoted to the region’s longest caves: Coldwater Cave, Mystery Cave, and the Minnesota Cave Preserve caves. Application of tools such as data loggers and LiDAR, with new conceptual models such as hypogenic speleogenesis, has been transformative here. Special topics include lead and zinc mining in the Driftless Area, vertebrate and invertebrate cave fauna near the Laurentide ice limit, the impact and policies of nutrient and herbicide intensive modern agriculture on karst, and paleoclimate studies. The discovery, exploration, institutional history of caving organizations, and show caves of the Upper Midwest, from the year 1700 onwards, are brought up to date. The top 10 historical paradigms of cave and karst science in the Midwest are reviewed. Perspectives on paleontology, archeology, and Native American rock art are included.

Download or read book Minnesota Underground A Guide to Caves Karst Mines Tunnels Second Edition written by Doris Green and published by . This book was released on 2019-10 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new and completely updated edition by co-authors Doris Green and Greg Brick, PhD, invites readers to consider a different angle for their next Minnesota trip. It guides travelers to the state's publicly accessible caves, former mines, and other subterranean treasures. Whether you are a sport caver, hiker, photographer, teacher, historian, or vacationer, this guide offers unique travel destinations, suggests possible study projects, and points to both widely recognized and little known underground locations. Along the way you'll learn to see Minnesota in a different light--a light cast as often by a headlamp as by a northern sky. YOU'LL FIND: - 82 sites in 23 counties - 41 new site listings - 13 museums and educational centers featuring cave and mine replicas as well as geologic exhibits - 23 sidebars highlighting Minnesota's underground history and geology--not to mention odd but true subterranean tales - Directions, precautions, and amenities for all sites listed This guide offers ideas for travelers who want an unordinary travel experience. While some sites require sure-footedness and an ability to climb steep hillsides, others are accessible even for families with young children. If you're ready for a serious trek or an easier tour beneath the surface, Minnesota Underground can the lead the way.

Download or read book Subterranean Twin Cities written by Greg A. Brick and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Subterranean Twin Cities, geologist, historian, and urban speleologist Greg Brick takes us on an adventurous, educational, and-thankfully-sanitary journey beneath the streets and into the myriad tunnels, caves, and industrial spaces that make up the Twin Cities' fascinating and surprisingly vast underground landscape. In this groundbreaking tour, the first of its kind of the Twin Cities, Brick mines the stories that lie below the city surface.

Download or read book Minnesota Underground the Best of the Black Hills written by Doris Green and published by Big Earth Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore more than 50 of Minnesota and South Dakota's fascinating caves, mines, sinks, and other underground oddities! This comprehensive guide covers Minnesota iron mines in the north and caves in the south. Also featured are gold mines and caves in the Black Hills of South Dakota, an area that boasts of some of the longer and more magnificent sites in the world. Spelunkers and explorers alike will enjoy this wonderful edition. Book jacket.

Download or read book Opening Goliath written by Cary J. Griffith and published by Borealis Books. This book was released on 2009-04-15 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Narrow passages, twisting upward or dropping precipitously. Huge vaults filled with fantastic shapes. Tunnels twined in tangled mazes. Over centuries, underground rivers can carve holes and rooms in solid rock; drips of water build walls of stone. Natural caves shape another world beneath our feet. Dangerous and beautiful, these places remain unknown--until someone decides to investigate. In 2004, businessman and caver John Ackerman drilled an entryway into Goliath Cave, a huge and unexplored complex in the karst region of southeastern Minnesota. Squeezing through tiny openings, scuba diving through silt-filled waters, scaling walls, and traversing crevasses, he and his fellow cavers painstakingly mapped ever-further reaches of the complex in an exploration that continues to this day. But man-made caves that do not breathe can be even more dangerous than their natural cousins. In St. Paul, also in 2004, five teenagers entered an area where intermittent fires robbed the air of oxygen. Only two emerged alive.

Download or read book The Minnesota Table written by Shelley Holl and published by Voyageur Press (MN). This book was released on 2014-10 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Minnesota Table is a culinary travelogue that takes you through the seasons, around the state, and back to your table with menus, recipes, and pointers for preparing local foods.

Download or read book Land of Amber Waters written by Doug Hoverson and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A visual history of MInnesota beers and breweries traces the evolution of the state's beer industry, from the 1849 construction of the first brewery to the growth of small-town enterprises that gave way to large companies of regional and national prominence, offering a comprehensive list of Minnesota breweries as well as more than three hundred illustrations of beer and breweriana.

Download or read book Iowa Underground written by Greg A. Brick and published by Big Earth Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Take a mysterious and fascinating tour through Iowa's underground treasures. This guide will reveal the state's subterranean attractions including show and wild caves, springs, mining sites and other geological and man-made sites. If you are a sport caver, a scientist, or curious tourist, this guide will give you all you need to know to begin exploring Iowa's underground world. IN THIS BOOK YOU'LL FIND - Detailed directions with helpful tips and precautions. - Descriptions of various lead- and coal-mining museums. - Fun stories and legends, including cave fairies, trolls, and ghost towns. - Additional information about Iowa's coal-mining past. - Facts about underground biological life. "A uniquely written perspective on the underground wonders of Iowa, by a premier Midwest cave historian." --Gary K. Soule, Speleo Historian and Trustee, American Spelean History Association

Download or read book Caves and Karst Across Time written by Yongli Gao and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Knowledge and understanding of cave and karst systems have evolved dramatically since the creation of the Geological Society of America in 1888. This book, which came out of a session during GSA's 2013 Annual Meeting, highlights the changes in the study and application of cave and karst systems since GSA's origin, while looking ahead to future advancements"--

Download or read book Review of Highway Beautification 1967 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works. Subcommittee on Roads and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Committee Serial No. 90-1. Considers H.R. 7797, to authorize FY68 and FY69 funds from highway safety and beautification trust to carry out highway safety and beautification programs.

Download or read book Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Grounds of the Committee on Public Works House of Representatives written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 1442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hearings Reports and Prints of the House Committee on Public Works written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 1450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Microbial Roles in Caves written by Valme Jurado and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-07-17 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caves are dark, underground hollow spaces with relatively constant temperature, high humidity, and limited nutrients. Many caves are associated with karst topography, which is formed by the dissolution of soluble bedrock, such as limestone, dolomite and gypsum, in areas where groundwaters are undersaturated with respect to the minerals in the host rock. Karst landforms spread widely, accounting for approximately 20% of the earth’s dry ice-free surface (Ford and Williams, 2007). As a typical feature of subsurface landscape, karst caves develop globally, with over 50,000 distributed in the United States (Barton and Jurado, 2007). China also has a large contiguous karst terrain, and the Yunnan–Guizhou plateau in the southwest developed most karst caves, among which the longest cave exceeds 138 km (Zhang and Zhu, 2012). Many caves are relatively shallow and form near the water table in karst terranes, although some caves develop by deep-seated hypogenic process at substantial depths and by process other than dissolution such as lava flows. Caves are oligotrophic ecosystems with less than 2 mg of total organic carbon per liter, yet host flourishing microbial groups (Figure 1A), with an average number of 106 microbial cells per gram of cave rock (Barton and Jurado, 2007). The study revealed a high diversity within Bacteria domain and Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were abundant in oligotrophic cave samples of air, rock, sediment and water. Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Gemmatimonadetes, and Verrucomicrobia also accounted for large proportions of the total microbial community in caves (Wu et al., 2015; Zhu et al., 2019). In some organic cave samples such as biofilms in sulfur cave, bat guanos, spiders’ webs and earthworm castings, Mycobacterium was prevalently detected (Modra et al., 2017; Sarbu et al., 2018; Hubelova et al., 2021; Pavlik et al., 2021). Over 500 genera of fungi, such as Penicillium, Aspergillus and Mortierella have been reported in caves (Vanderwolf et al., 2013), and new fungal species were identified from cave air, rock, sediment and water samples (Zhang et al., 2017, 2021). These microbial communities contain novel diversity, and promote important biogeochemical processes. With no sunlight, microorganisms in cave environment cannot perform photosynthesis, and are intensively involved in the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and metals such as Fe and Mn to offset the lack of exogenous nutrients and energy.

Download or read book Threats to Springs in a Changing World written by Matthew Currell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-01-05 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Documents the declining quality and quantity of springs around the world and efforts to preserve, protect, and restore them Anthropogenic causes, including climate change, have been degrading springs around the world. Changes in spring water quality and flow impact human health, cultural values, ecology, and livelihoods. Threats to Springs in a Changing World: Science and Policies for Protection presents a range of international studies illustrating the causes of spring degradation and strategies being used to safeguard springs both now and for the future. Volume highlights include: Examples of threatened springs in diverse hydrogeologic settings Innovative methods and tools for understanding the hydrogeology of spring systems Current policy and governance approaches for alleviating damage to springs Different approaches to management of springs A call for practitioners, policy makers, scientists, and the public to work together The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Download or read book Adventure at High Risk written by Cameron Burns and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-09-02 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of some of the world’s greatest adventures Anyone with a thirst for adventure and a courageous spirit will be captivated by the tales of endurance, determination, strength of mind, and perseverance recounted in this outstanding compilation. The stories in this book, be they fact or fiction, represent some of the most gripping and illuminating writing ever penned on the subject of adventure from across the globe. From straightforward narratives to spiritual reveries, adventure prompts men and women to pour forth essays, articles, and books that are unlike any other field of literature. Editors Kerry L. Burns and Cameron M. Burns showcase the amazingly vast spectrum that adventure literature offers. With contributions by: Matt Gerdes Linus Lawrence Platt Robyn Davidson Jon Turk Cameron M. Burns Doug Peacock Peter McBride Stephen Venables Roger W. Brucker Richard A. Watson Chris Davenport Jonathan Waterman John Ackerman Dean Cummings Christina Dodwell Edmund Stump

Download or read book Abstracts of North American Geology written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 966 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: