Download or read book Microbial Removal and Integrity Monitoring of High Pressure Membranes written by J. Lozier and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-pressure (HP) membranes, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration are used increasingly to treat brackish and organic laden surface waters as water purveyors are forced to utilize lower quality source waters to meet potable water demands. In addition, reverse osmosis has become an integral part of the advanced reclamation process for the indirect potable reuse of domestic wastewaters. In these applications, HP membranes are expected to serve as a positive barrier to pathogens. To date, integrity methods for full-scale HP membrane systems have been limited to conductivity and total organic carbon monitoring, approaches that can only assess pathogen removals to two logs (99%). The first objective of this research was to determine the integrity of RO and NF membrane systems with respect to viral passage using both particulate (MS2 viruses and fluorescent microspheres) and soluble (Rhodamine WT) surrogates. The second objective was to compare the capability of these surrogates for use in assessing integrity of intact and compromised RO and NF membranes when evaluated in a number of configurations. Originally published by AwwaRF for its subscribers in 2003

Download or read book Assessment and Development of Low pressure Membrane Integrity Monitoring Tools written by and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2004 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research assessed membrane integrity monitoring methods for microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membrane filtration processes. The project evaluated existing and newly developed methods for integrity monitoring using literature review and full-scale testing of the essential criteria of sensitivity, continuity, identifiably, reliability, and implementability. Recommendations are included. While this research was motivated by the USEPA's LT2ESWTR, the coverage and results have international applicability.

Download or read book Membrane Filtration for Microbial Removal written by Joseph G. Jacangelo and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Membrane filtration guidance manual written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Integration of Membrane Filtration Into Water Treatment Systems written by Jonathan R. Pressdee and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2006 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 2006 AWWA Annual Conference and Exposition held June 2006 in San Antonio TX CD-ROM provides current information on all aspects of drinking water Topics include water quality water resources and conservation water utility security water utility vulnerability assessments conventional and advanced water treatment desalination water reclamation and reuse water transmission and distribution system infrastructure water utility management water plant operations privatization and competition automation regulations benchmarking

Download or read book Desalination Technology written by Joseph Cotruvo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-06-23 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Desalination Technology: Health and Environmental Impacts covers the latest developments in desalination, examining the environmental and public health-related impacts of these technologies. Written by international experts, the text presents specifications for assessing water quality, technical issues associated with desalination technologies, and

Download or read book Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Water and Wastewater written by Arturo Hernandez-Maldonado and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2019-10-19 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Water and Wastewater: Advanced Treatment Processes presents the state-of-the-art in the design and use of adsorbents, membranes, and UV/oxidation processes, along with the challenges that will need to be addressed to close the gap between development and implementation in water/wastewater treatment applications. Chapters cover adsorbent and membrane design and performance, direct comparison of performance data between new (inorganic and metal organic nanoporous materials) and classic adsorbents and membranes, a list of advantages, disadvantages, and challenges related to performance limitations, regenerability, and upscaling. In addition, users will find sections on the identification of potential site and off-site applications that are listed according to adsorbent and membrane types, transformation of CECs in low- and/or medium-pressure UV irradiation processes used for disinfection, the oxidation of CECs by chlorine and ozone, and a comparison of advanced oxidation processes for the treatment of a variety of CECs in water and wastewater. Addresses the advantages/disadvantages of select technologies, including energy resource needs and waste management issues of reverse osmosis, amongst other issues Presents information on the advancements of technology within the realm of Engineered Treatments of CECs Focuses on the inherent science and technology of advanced treatment processes

Download or read book Membrane and Desalination Technologies written by Lawrence K. Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this essential new volume, Volume 13: Membrane and Desalination Technologies, a panel of expert researchers provide a wealth of information on membrane and desalination technologies. An advanced chemical and environmental engineering textbook as well as a comprehensive reference book, this volume is of high value to advanced graduate and undergraduate students, researchers, scientists, and designers of water and wastewater treatment systems. This is an essential part of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series, an incredible collection of methodologies that study the effects of pollution and waste in their three basic forms: gas, solid, and liquid. Chapters adopt the series format, employing methods of practical design and calculation illustrated by numerical examples, including pertinent cost data whenever possible, and exploring in great detail the fundamental principles of the field. Volume 13: Membrane and Desalination Technologies is an essential guide for researchers, highlighting the latest developments in principles of membrane technology, membrane systems planning and design, industrial and municipal waste treatments, desalination requirements, wastewater reclamation, biofiltration, and more.

Download or read book Research and Technology Transfer Activities written by United States. Bureau of Reclamation. Research Office and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Integrity Testing for Low pressure Membranes written by Charles Liu and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2012 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane integrity is in an interesting combination of science, engineering, and regulations. The book introduces the reader to the subject in the context of drinking water filtration. Both theoretical and practical aspects of membrane integrity testing are discussed along with historical and future technologies. Discussed are the types and causes of integrity breaches, tests to perform to discover them, how to establish a membrane integrity testing program and government disinfection regulations.

Download or read book Membranes for Water Treatment written by Klaus-Viktor Peinemann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-11-29 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ready reference on Membrane Technologies for Water Treatment, is an invaluable source detailing sustainable, emerging processes, to provide clean, energy saving and cost effective alternatives to conventional processes. The editors are internationally renowned leaders in the field, who have put together a first-class team of authors from academia and industry to present a highly approach to the subject. The book is an instrumental tool for Process Engineers, Chemical Engineers, Process Control Technicians, Water Chemists, Environmental Chemists, Materials Scientists and Patent Lawyers.

Download or read book Water Quality Treatment A Handbook on Drinking Water written by American Water Works Association and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2010-12-06 with total page 1696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive water quality and treatment resource--fully revised and updated Comprehensive, current, and written by leading experts, Water Quality & Treatment: A Handbook on Drinking Water, Sixth Edition covers state-of-the-art technologies and methods for water treatment and quality control. Significant revisions and new material in this edition reflect the latest advances and critical topics in water supply and treatment. Presented by the American Water Works Association, this is the leading source of authoritative information on drinking water quality and treatment. NEW CHAPTERS ON: Chemical principles, source water composition, and watershed protection Natural treatment systems Water reuse for drinking water augmentation Ultraviolet light processes Formation and control of disinfection by-products DETAILED COVERAGE OF: Drinking water standards, regulations, goals, and health effects Hydraulic characteristics of water treatment reactors Gas-liquid processes and chemical oxidation Coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and flotation Granular media and membrane filtration Ion exchange and adsorption of inorganic contaminants Precipitation, coprecipitation, and precipitative softening Adsorption of organic compounds by activated carbon Chemical disinfection Internal corrosion and deposition control Microbiological quality control in distribution systems Water treatment plant residuals management

Download or read book Real Time Monitoring of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Integrity written by Sirikarn Surawanvijit and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane desalination is the primary technology for seawater and brackish water desalination, agricultural drainage desalting, as well as municipal wastewater recycling for potable water reuse applications. RO membranes achieve high salt rejection (>95%) and in principle should provide a complete physical barrier to nanosize pathogens (e.g., waterborne enteric viruses). However, in the presence of imperfections and/or membrane damage, membrane breaches as small as 20-30 nm in diameter can allow nanosize pathogens to pass through the membrane and contaminate the product water stream. In order to demonstrate that the level of removal of these contaminants by RO processes will assure rigorous public health protection, there is a need for real-time RO membrane integrity monitoring (MIM). However, at present, reliable real-time RO membrane MIM methods are unavailable for the detection of membrane or module breaches. Given the above needs, a Pulsed Marker Membrane Integrity Monitoring (PM-MIM) approach was developed for real-time assessments of RO membrane integrity, based on characterization of fluorescent molecular marker passage across an RO membrane. This approach involves monitoring the dynamic change in marker concentration in the RO permeate (product) stream in response to a pulsed marker injection into the RO feed stream. The presence and characteristics of membrane integrity loss is identified by decoupling marker diffusive and convective transport through the RO membrane. The approach was first evaluated the passage of a molecular marker through intact and compromised RO membranes (with micron-size membrane breaches) in a bench-scale, plate-and-frame (PFRO) system. It was demonstrated that while marker passage through intact RO membranes was governed by diffusive transport, enhanced marker passage for compromised membranes was associated with convective transport through the breached areas. Therefore, detection of enhanced molecular marker passage was indicative of membrane integrity loss. One of the potential causes of RO membrane integrity loss in RO plants is oxidation of the polyamide RO membrane surface by chlorinated disinfectants, which are typically introduced into the RO feed stream to prevent biofouling. The suitability of the PM-MIM approach for quantification of the extent of membrane integrity loss due to oxidation was evaluated for flat-sheet RO membranes that were degraded via exposure to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution at various exposure conditions (i.e., NaOCl concentration and exposure time). Upon membrane exposure to 50-200 mg/L NaOCl for a period of 2.5 to 10 hours, there was a significant increase in marker solution-diffusion and convection across the RO membrane as a result of changes in membrane surface physicochemical properties (surface roughness, chemical composition, and wettability) and structural damage (as evident from the presence of micron-size breaches). The severity of membrane integrity loss, represented by an equivalent breach size, increased with chlorine feed concentration and exposure time, with the latter having a more pronounced impact on membrane integrity. In order to implement the PM-MIM approach in full-scale RO plants, which typically consist of multiple spiral-wound RO (SPRO) elements, an analytical framework was developed for characterization of marker passage through RO membranes in each individual SPRO element in multi-element SPRO systems. The approach is based on monitoring and analyzing the dynamic change in the marker concentration in the combined permeate stream (from multiple SPRO elements), in response to a pulsed marker injection into the RO feed. Subsequently, marker convective transport, across the RO membrane in each SPRO element, was be resolved via data fusion of dynamic marker response with online water flow, feed salinity, and pressure data, combined with the estimated marker residence time for each SPRO element. Experimental evaluation, which was carried out with intact and compromised SPRO elements (with mechanically induced membrane breaches), demonstrated enhanced marker passage for compromised SPRO elements, with increased marker passage that correlated with increased breach size. The PM-MIM approach was shown to be both technically and economically suitable for multi-element Ro system and through the proposed protocol for its implementation can serve to quantify the severity and identify the approximate location of membrane integrity loss in a multi-element SPRO plant.

Download or read book Membrane Bioreactor Processes written by Seong-Hoon Yoon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grasp the Essential Principles of Membrane Bioreactor ProcessesEvolved from the conventional activated sludge (CAS) process, membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes have become the next-generation solution for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment and recycle. Membrane Bioreactor Processes: Principles and Applications explores nearly all the th

Download or read book Water Treatment Process Monitoring and Evaluation written by Richard P. Beverly and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2012 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides information and tools to assist operators in evaluating treatment plant operational changes (such as the changes in treatment efficiency due to changes in the raw water). and to help operators make corresponding water chemistry or other process changes to keep the plant operating properly. Both operators and system managers can use the analysis tools to more easily understand and operate a plant and be able to identify and correct any plant deficiencies.

Download or read book Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration Membranes for Drinking Water M53 written by AWWA Staff and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Membrane Treatment for Drinking Water and Reuse Applications written by Kerry J. Howe and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compendium represents the first peer-reviewed book of its kind published by AWWA's Membrane Processes Committee (MPC). This book represents the best membrane-related papers from 2004 AWWA Annual Conference, 2004 Water Quality Technology Conference, and 2005 Membrane Technology Conference, which were all peer reviewed and author updated. Sections cover Section removal efficiencies, membrane performance, pretreatment strategies, regulatory issues, filtration guidance, studies on operations and integrated membrane systems, MBR (membrane bioreactors), and reuse issues.