Download or read book Shielding Techniques for Radiation Oncology Facilities written by Patton H. McGinley and published by Medical Physics Publishing Corporation. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A textbook for a senior or graduate course in medical or health physics. Students are assumed to be familiar with the radiation- producing devices used in radiation oncology. The second volume corrects some errors detected in the 1998 first, and adds discussions of intensity modulated radiation therapy, CT room design, the design of direct shielded doors, and other topics. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR.

Download or read book Methods for U S Shielding Calculations written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary components of the U.S. reactor shielding methodology consist of: (1) computer code systems based on discrete ordinates or Monte Carlo radiation transport calculational methods; (2) a data base of neutron and gamma-ray interaction and gamma-ray-production cross sections used as input in the codes; (3) a capability for processing the cross sections into multigroup or point energy formats as required by the codes; (4) large-scale integral shielding experiments designed to test cross-section data or techniques utilized in the calculations; and (5) a ''sensitivity'' analysis capability that can identify the most important interactions in a transport calculation and assign uncertainties to the calculated result that are based on uncertainties in all of the input data. The required accuracy for the methodology is to within 5 to 10% for responses at locations near the core to within a factor of 2 for responses at distant locations. Under these criteria, the methodology has proved to be adequate for in-vessel LMFBR calculations of neutron transport through deep sodium and thick iron and stainless steel shields, of neutron streaming through lower axial coolant channels and primary pipe chaseways, and of the effects of fuel stored within the reactor vessel. For ex-vessel LMFBR problems, the methodology requires considerable improvement, the areas of concern including neutron streaming through heating and ventilation ducts, through the cavity surrounding the reactor vessel, and through gaps around rotating plugs in the reactor heat, as well as gamma-ray streaming through plant shield penetrations.

Download or read book Computational Methods in Nuclear Radiation Shielding and Dosimetry written by Kulwinder Singh Mann and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of the most widely used computational methods and techniques for calculating shielding parameters that are required for radiation-shielding investigations of dosimetric materials. The theoretical, experimental, and simulation methods and their applications are described. The book is divided into thirteen chapters that are arranged in a systematic order and written by experienced scientists and academicians worldwide. The gamma-ray shielding parameter calculations with the Monte Carlo simulation techniques viz. MCNP, GEANT4, FLUKA, and EGS5 codes are illustrated. Descriptions of various software such as XCOM, WinXCom, FLUKA, Phy-X, BMIX, ASFIT, and ANSI are provided. A review of fundamental quantities for calculation of ambient dose, i.e., photon and neutron buildup factors, is presented. A phantom-based computation model has been included to indicate the applications of radiation dosimetry in medical diagnostics. The chapters on computed-tomography (CT) have been included to provide insight into the radiations' diagnostic capabilities and applications. The shielding effectiveness of some materials such as ignimbrite rocks, amorphous metals, marbles, dosimetric materials, and novel shielding materials have been investigated. The most recent concept of multi-layered shielding and related buildup factors' influence on the shielding effectiveness is described with a computer program, the RIMP-TOOLKIT. This book is the result of the authors' hard-work and determination during the worldwide lockdown period caused by the spread of COVID-19. The conclusions presented in this book will be useful in nuclear radiation shielding and for dosimetric purposes. Additionally, this book will be helpful for postgraduate students of physics and chemistry.

Download or read book Structural Shielding Design for Medical X ray Imaging Facilities written by National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements and published by NCRP. This book was released on 2004 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report No. 147 (2004) presents recommendations and technical information related to the design and installation of structural shielding for facilities that use x rays for medical imaging. The purpose of structural shielding is to limit radiation exposure to employees and members of the public. The information supersedes the recommendations that address such facilities in NCRP Report No. 49, Structural Shielding Design and Evaluation for Medical Use of X Rays and Gamma Rays of Energies Up to 10 MeV, which was issued in September 1976. NCRP Report No. 147 includes a discussion of the various factors to be considered in the selection of appropriate shielding materials and in the calculation of barrier thicknesses. The Report presents the fundamentals of radiation shielding, discusses shielding design goals for controlled and uncontrolled areas in or near x-ray imaging facilities and defines the relationship of these goals to the NCRP effective dose limits for radiation workers and members of the public. The Report includes a detailed discussion of the recommended shielding design methodology for x-ray imaging facilities and provides an extensive collection of shielding data and sample shielding calculations for various types of x-ray imaging facilities. The Report is mainly intended for those individuals who specialize in radiation protection. However, it will also be of interest to architects, hospital administrators and related professionals concerned with the planning of new facilities that use x rays for medical imaging.

Download or read book Radiation Shields and Shielding written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Included are 687 selected references to unclassified reports and scientific journal literature on radiation shields and shielding. Author, report number, and subject indexes are also included.

Download or read book Weapons Radiation Shielding Handbook Chapter 3 Methods for Calculating Neutron and Gamma ray Attenuation written by Paul N. Stevens and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Calculations of the attenuation of neutrons and gamma rays in shields can be performed by several techniques, the best technique for a particular problem depending on the type of problem to be solved and the degree of accuracy required. This chapter of the Handbook surveys the calculational methods used most frequently and provides summaries of digital computer codes based on the various methods. The methods covered are those of spherical harmonics, discrete ordinates, moments, Monte Carlo, diffusion theory, invariant imbedding, and kernels, plus a method which combines a removal kernel with diffusion theory. Except for the invariant imbedding method, all these techniques are either approximate solutions to the well-known Boltzmann equation or are based on kernels obtained from solutions to the equation. A discussion of the Boltzmann equation is also included in the chapter. (Author).

Download or read book Weapons Radiation Shielding Handbook Chapter 3 Methods Calculating Neutron and Gamma Ray Attenuation written by Paul N. Stevens and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Calculations of the attenuation of neutrons and gamma rays in shields can be performed by several techniques, the best technique for a particular problem depending on the type of problem to be solved and the degree of accuracy required. This chapter of the Handbook surveys the calculational methods used most frequently and provides summaries of digital computer codes based on the various methods. The methods covered are those of spherical harmonics, discrete ordinates, moments, Monte Carlo, diffusion theory, invariant imbedding, and kernels, plus a method which combines a removal kernel with diffusion theory. Except for the invariant imbedding method, all these techniques are either approximate solutions to the well-known Boltzmann equation or are based on kernels obtained from solutions to the equation. A discussion of the Boltzmann equation is also included. (Author).

Download or read book Radiation Shielding written by J. Kenneth Shultis and published by Amer Nuclear Society. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly published book is intended for dual use as a textbook for students in radiation shielding courses and a reference work for shielding practitioners. It emphasizes the principles behind techniques used in various aspects of shield analysis and presents these principles in many different contexts. This approach is intended to provide a strong base of understanding in order to facilitate use of the large shielding codes that have come to dominate shielding design and analysis. An assumption is made that the reader has an understanding of mathematics through basic calculus and vector analysis as well as a knowledge of the nuclear physics of radioactive decay. For most chapters, problem sets are provided.

Download or read book An Evaluation of Radiation Exposure Guidance for Military Operations written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-10-28 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Computational Methods in Reactor Shielding written by James Wood and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Methods in Reactor Shielding deals with the mathematical processes involved in how to effectively control the dangerous effect of nuclear radiation. Reactor shielding is considered an important aspect in the operation of reactor systems to ensure the safety of personnel and others that can be directly or indirectly affected. Composed of seven chapters, the book discusses ionizing radiation and how it aids in the control and containment of radioactive substances that are considered harmful to all living things. The text also outlines the necessary radiation quantities and units that are needed for a systemic control of shielding and presents an examination of the main sources of nuclear radiation. A discussion of the gamma photon cross sections and an introduction to BMIX, a computer program used in illustrating a technique in identifying the gamma ray build-up factor for a reactor shield, are added. The selection also discusses various mathematical representations and areas of shielding theory that are being used in radiation shielding. The book is of great value to those involved in the development and implementation of systems to minimize and control the dangerous and lethal effect of radiation.

Download or read book Techniques Used in Shielding Calculations for High Energy Accelerators written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prediction for the secondary neutron spectrum produced inside of-a thick shield is described. The multiplicity of cascade and evaporation secondaries as well as subsequent moderation of the secondary spectrum is described quantitatively. Experimental thick-target neutron yields, as well as Monte Carlo cascade data, are the basis for these estimates. (auth).

Download or read book Survey of the U S Shielding Calculational Methods and Programs written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Resonance Self Shielding Calculation Methods in Nuclear Reactors written by Liangzhi Cao and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-10-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resonance Self-Shielding Calculation Methods in Nuclear Reactors presents the latest progress in resonance self-shielding methods for both deterministic and Mote Carlo methods, including key advances over the last decade such as high-fidelity resonance treatment, resonance interference effect and multi-group equivalence. As the demand for high-fidelity resonance self-shielding treatment is increasing due to the rapid development of advanced nuclear reactor concepts and progression in high performance computational technologies, this practical book guides students and professionals in nuclear engineering and technology through various methods with proven high precision and efficiency. - Presents a collection of resonance self-shielding methods, as well as numerical methods and numerical results - Includes new topics in resonance self-shielding treatment - Provides source codes of key calculations presented

Download or read book SHIELDING TECHNIQUES FOR RADIATION ONCOLOGY FACILITIES written by MELISSA. MCGINLEY MARTIN (PATTON H.) and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Shielding of Electromagnetic Waves written by George M. Kunkel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a new, more accurate and efficient way for design engineers to understand electromagnetic theory and practice as it relates to the shielding of electrical and electronic equipment. The author starts by defining an electromagnetic wave, and goes on to explain the shielding of electromagnetic waves using the basic laws of physics. This is a new approach for the understanding of EMI shielding of barriers, apertures and seams. It provides a reliable, systematic approach that is easily understood by design engineers for the purpose of packaging the electrical and electronic systems of the future. This book covers both theory and practical application, emphasizing the use of transfer impedance to explain fully the penetration of an electromagnetic wave through an EMI gasketed seam. Accurate methods of testing shielding components such as EMI gaskets, shielded cables and connectors, shielded air vent materials, conductive glass and conductive paint are also covered. Describes in detail why the currently accepted theory of shielding needs improvement. Discusses the penetration of an electromagnetic wave through shielding barrier materials and electromagnetic interference (EMI) gasketed seams. Emphasizes the use of transfer impedance to explain the penetration of an electromagnetic wave through an EMI gasketed seam. The definition of an electromagnetic wave and how it is generated is included. Chapter in the book are included that reinforce the presented theory.

Download or read book Radiation Shielding written by J. Kenneth Shultis and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1996 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 3 Mile Island. Chernobyl. Nuclear meltdowns that can spell disaster for decades to come. For a number of professions including nuclear engineering, environmental engineering, radiology, and space physics, the most hazardous aspect of the job is the proper handling of radioactive material and the assessment of radiation doses. This book provides an understanding of the principles and techniques used in modern radiation shield design and analysis.

Download or read book Radiological Health Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: