Download or read book Methods in Paleoecology written by Darin A. Croft and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-27 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the reconstruction of past ecosystems and provides a comprehensive review of current techniques and their application in exemplar studies. The 18 chapters address a wide variety of topics that span vertebrate paleobiology and paleoecology (body mass, postcranial functional morphology, evolutionary dental morphology, microwear and mesowear, ecomorphology, mammal community structure analysis), contextual paleoenvironmental studies (paleosols and sedimentology, ichnofossils, pollen, phytoliths, plant macrofossils), and special techniques (bone microstructure, biomineral isotopes, inorganic isotopes, 3-D morphometrics, and ecometric modeling). A final chapter discusses how to integrate results of these studies with taphonomic data in order to more accurately characterize an ancient ecosystem. Current investigators, advanced undergraduates, and graduate students interested in the field of paleoecology will find this book immensely useful. The length and structure of the volume also makes it suitable for teaching a college-level course on reconstructing Cenozoic ecosystems.
Download or read book Methods and Applications of Plant Paleoecology written by William A. DiMichele and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Paleoecology written by Roman Fedorovich Gekker and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applications of Paleoenvironmental Techniques in Estuarine Studies written by Kaarina Weckström and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-13 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this edited volume is to introduce the scientific community to paleoenvironmental studies of estuaries, to highlight the types of information that can be obtained from such studies, and to promote the use of paleoenvironmental studies in estuarine management. Readers will learn about the the application of different paleoecological approaches used in estuaries that develop our understanding of their response to natural and human influences. Particular attention is given to the essential steps required for undertaking a paleoecological study, in particular with regard to site selection, core extraction and chronological techniques, followed by the range of indicators that can be used. A series of case studies are discussed in the book to demonstrate how paleoecological studies can be used to address key questions, and to sustainably manage these important coastal environments in the future. This book will appeal to professional scientists interested in estuarine studies and/or paleoenvironmental research, as well as estuarine managers who are interested in the incorporation of paleoenvironmental research into their management programs.
Download or read book A Manual of Practical Laboratory and Field Techniques in Palaeobiology written by O.R. Green and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The user This manual is designed for the use of geo-scientists with an interest and need in developing palaeobiological materials as a potential source of data. To meet this objective practical procedures have been formatted for use by both professional and semi professional students with an initial understanding of palaeo biological research aims as a primary source of scientific data. I have attempted to provide an explanation and understanding of practical procedures which may be required by students undertaking palaeobiological projects as part of a degree course. The layout of this manual should be particularly beneficial in the instruction and training of geotechnologists and museum preparators. Graduate students and scientists requiring an outline of a preparation procedure will also be able to use the manual as a reference from which to assess the suitability of a procedure. This manual is also intended for use by the "committed amateur". Many of the techniques described in this manual have been devised by non-palaeontologists, and developed from methods used in archaeology, zoology and botany, as well as other areas of geology. A considerable number of the methods can be undertaken by the amateur, and in the case of many of the field procedures, should be used. This will ensure that specimens and samples can be conserved in such a manner as to facilitate any later research, and not invalidate the results of subsequent geochemical analytical techniques which might be employed.
Download or read book Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology 2nd edition 2021 written by R.T.J. Cappers and published by Barkhuis. This book was released on 2021-02-24 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is a completely revised version of the first edition, which was published in 2012. Plant palaeoecologists use data from plant fossils and plant subfossils to reconstruct ecosystems and food economies of the past. This book deals with the study of subfossil plant material retrieved from archaeological excavations and cores dated to the Late Glacial and the Holocene. One of the main objectives of this book is to describe the processes that underlie the formation of the archaeobotanical archive and the ultimate composition of the archaeobotanical record - being the data that are sampled and identified from this immense archive. Our understanding of these processes benefits from a knowledge of plant ecology and traditional agricultural practices and food processing. This handbook summarizes the basic ecological principles that relate to the reconstruction of former vegetation and of the agricultural practices in particular. This handbook is a completely revised version of the first edition, which was published in 2012. An important adaptation relates to new developments in the research on diaspores (seeds and fruits). This mainly concerns morphology, taxonomy, and ecology. We reduced the treatment of research on pollen somewhat, and we now present it in an equivalent manner to the other research disciplines. We have extended the cereals with millets, a variable group of grains that play an important role in the agricultural development of both Eurasia and northern Africa. The taxonomy is largely in line with new insights based on combined morphological and genetic research, as published by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The findings of our ethno-archaeobotanical fieldwork have been extensively documented in the Digital atlas of traditional agricultural practices and food processing (Cappers et al., 2016) and the Digital atlas of traditional food made from cereals and milk (Cappers 2018). We have incorporated part of this information in a condensed format in this version of the handbook, including the typologies of fuel, harvesting implements, ovens, and traditional food. The website of the Digital Plant Atlas project (www.plantatlas.eu) offers the opportunity to examine photographs of plant parts and of processes related to agricultural practices and food processing in more detail, using extensive search tools.
Download or read book Paleobotany and the Evolution of Plants written by Wilson N. Stewart and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-02-26 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1993 textbook describes and explains the origin and evolution of plants as revealed by the fossil record.
Download or read book Terrestrial Ecosystems Through Time written by Anna K. Behrensmeyer and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1992-08-15 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breathtaking in scope, this is the first survey of the entire ecological history of life on land—from the earliest traces of terrestrial organisms over 400 million years ago to the beginning of human agriculture. By providing myriad insights into the unique ecological information contained in the fossil record, it establishes a new and ambitious basis for the study of evolutionary paleoecology of land ecosystems. A joint undertaking of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems Consortium at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, and twenty-six additional researchers, this book begins with four chapters that lay out the theoretical background and methodology of the science of evolutionary paleoecology. Included are a comprehensive review of the taphonomy and paleoenvironmental settings of fossil deposits as well as guidelines for developing ecological characterizations of extinct organisms and the communities in which they lived. The remaining three chapters treat the history of terrestrial ecosystems through geological time, emphasizing how ecological interactions have changed, the rate and tempo of ecosystem change, the role of exogenous "forcing factors" in generating ecological change, and the effect of ecological factors on the evolution of biological diversity. The six principal authors of this volume are all associated with the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems program at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution.
Download or read book Fossil Plants and Spores written by Tim P. Jones and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 1999 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook for the Analysis of Micro Particles in Archaeological Samples written by Amanda G. Henry and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-07 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a resource for those already familiar with some kinds of micro-particles who wish to learn more about others, or for those just starting out in the study of microremains who wish to have a broad understanding about microscopic archaeology. Topics covered in this handbook include diatom microfossils, starch granules, pollen grains, phytoliths, natural fibers, volcanic glass, minerals, insect remains, and feathers. Archaeological investigations increasingly rely on specialist identification of microscopic remnants found in sites. These micro-particles can provide information about the site environment and human activities that may not be apparent from artifacts and materials preserved on the macro-scale, and have given us new, and often high-profile, information about our past. The investigation of this "invisible archaeology" - that is, invisible to the naked eye - is still somewhat new, and generally each kind of micro-particle is studied individually. Researchers become experts in a narrow range of micro-particle types, but may be less familiar with, or even completely unaware of, the multitude of other forms that are frequently encountered in archaeological samples. This handbook’s accessible approach is suitable for those at the beginner level.
Download or read book Paleobotany written by Edith L. Taylor and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-01-21 with total page 1253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides up-to-date coverage of fossil plants from Precambrian life to flowering plants, including fungi and algae. It begins with a discussion of geologic time, how organisms are preserved in the rock record, and how organisms are studied and interpreted and takes the student through all the relevant uses and interpretations of fossil plants. With new chapters on additional flowering plant families, paleoecology and the structure of ancient plant communities, fossil plants as proxy records for paleoclimate, new methodologies used in phylogenetic reconstruction and the addition of new fossil plant discoveries since 1993, this book provides the most comprehensive account of the geologic history and evolution of microbes, algae, fungi, and plants through time. - Major revision of a 1993 classic reference - Lavishly illustrated with 1,800 images and user friendly for use by paleobotanists, biologists, geologists and other related scientists - Includes an expanded glossary with an extensive up-to-date bibliography and a comprehensive index - Provides extensive coverage of fungi and other microbes, and major groups of land plants both living and extinct
Download or read book Applications of Non Pollen Palynomorphs written by F. Marret and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-10-29 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-awaited book about non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) aims to cover gaps in our knowledge of these abundant but understudied palynological remains. NPPs, such as fungal spores, testate amoebae, dinoflagellate cysts, acritarchs and animal remains, are routinely recovered from palynological preparations of marine or terrestrial material, from Proterozoic to recent geological times. This book gives the reader a comprehensive overview of the different types of NPPs, with examples from diverse time periods and environments. It provides guidance on sample preparation to maximize the recovery of these NPPs, detailed information on their diversity and ecological affinity, clarification on the nomenclature and demonstrates their value as environmental indicators. This volume will become the reference guide for any student, academic or practitioner interested in everything else in their palynological preparations.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Paleontology written by Ronald Singer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 1153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Paleontology is designed to address the shortage of general reference works on both vertebrate and invertebrate paleontology and to serve the needs of students and lay persons interested in the field. As the encyclopedia aims to provide basic information, the majority of the 350 entries are devoted to explanations of paleontological concepts and techniques, examinations of the evolutionary development of particular organisms and biological features, profiles of major discoveries, and biographies of leading scientists. Each entry includes an essay and a further reading list. An international team of 200 leading experts in the field has prepared the illustrations and the essays, which range from concise descriptions to comprehensive discussions.
Download or read book Describing Species written by Judith E. Winston and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A basic practical manual for the process of describing new species, this desperately needed desk reference and guide to nomenclatural procedure and taxonomic writing serves as a Strunk & White of species description, covering both botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature.
Download or read book Fossil Fungi written by Thomas N Taylor and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-14 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fungi are ubiquitous in the world and responsible for driving the evolution and governing the sustainability of ecosystems now and in the past. Fossil Fungi is the first encyclopedic book devoted exclusively to fossil fungi and their activities through geologic time. The book begins with the historical context of research on fossil fungi (paleomycology), followed by how fungi are formed and studied as fossils, and their age. The next six chapters focus on the major lineages of fungi, arranging them in phylogenetic order and placing the fossils within a systematic framework. For each fossil the age and provenance are provided. Each chapter provides a detailed introduction to the living members of the group and a discussion of the fossils that are believed to belong in this group. The extensive bibliography (~ 2700 entries) includes papers on both extant and fossil fungi. Additional chapters include lichens, fungal spores, and the interactions of fungi with plants, animals, and the geosphere. The final chapter includes a discussion of fossil bacteria and other organisms that are fungal-like in appearance, and known from the fossil record. The book includes more than 475 illustrations, almost all in color, of fossil fungi, line drawings, and portraits of people, as well as a glossary of more than 700 mycological and paleontological terms that will be useful to both biologists and geoscientists. - First book devoted to the whole spectrum of the fossil record of fungi, ranging from Proterozoic fossils to the role of fungi in rock weathering - Detailed discussion of how fossil fungi are preserved and studied - Extensive bibliography with more than 2000 entries - Where possible, fungal fossils are placed in a modern systematic context - Each chapter within the systematic treatment of fungal lineages introduced with an easy-to-understand presentation of the main characters that define extant members - Extensive glossary of more than 700 entries that define both biological, geological, and mycological terminology
Download or read book Lakes and Wetlands written by S. Vasudevan and published by Partridge Publishing. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lakes and wetland basins enjoy many imperative values for humans. They supply water for domestic and other uses; and they serve as habitats for important food species comprising various forms of aquatic life and supporting the earths biodiversity. The book has eminent itself by incorporating the standalone research papers focusing on the variables in lakes and wetlands with the wide coverage from fundamental features of all aquatic systems to the details of processes and applications. The book will supports the readers to acquire an understanding regarding morphometry, water quality and hydrology, sediment characteristics, aquatic eco system, phytoplanktons, Ostracod and Foraminifers, heavy metals in mangroves and pollution threat to the coasts. The book includes the recent works and the conclusions are supported by authors original data at the end of each part. These features makes this book fascinating and requisite to graduates, researchers and decision makers of the wetland resources in different parts of the World.
Download or read book Phytoliths written by Dolores R. Piperno and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2006-01-30 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of phytoliths—inorganic silica remnants plants leave behind when they die and decay—has developed dramatically over the last twenty years. New publications have documented a diverse array of phytoliths from many regions around the globe, while new understandings have emerged as to how and why plants produce phytoliths. Together, these developments make phytoliths a powerful tool in reconstructing past environments and human uses of plants. In Phytoliths, Dolores Piperno makes sense of the discipline for both those working directly with phytoliths in the field or the lab as well as for those who rely on the results of phytolith studies for their own research. Including over a hundred images, Piperno's book will be of great benefit to archaeologists and paleobotanists in the classroom or the lab.
