Download or read book Metabolic Energy Requirements for Space Flight written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international space community, including the USSR, Japan, Germany, the European Space Agency, and the US, is preparing for extended stays in space. Much of the research planned for space will be tended by humans, thus, maintaining adequate nutritional status during long stays in space has lately become an issue of much interest. Historically, it appears that minimum nutritional requirements are being met during stays in space. Thus far, crewmembers have been able to consume food adequate for maintaining nominal performance in microgravity. The physiological data obtained from ground-based and flight research that may enable us to understand the biochemical alterations that effect energy utilization and performance. Focus is on energy utilization during the Apollo lunar missions, Skylab's extended space lab missions, and Space Shuttle flights. Available data includes those recorded during intra- and extravehicular activities as well as during microgravity simulation (bed rest). Data on metabolism during flight and during bed rest are discussed, with a follow-up on human gastrointestinal function. Lane, Helen W. Johnson Space Center ...
Download or read book Human Adaptation to Space Flight written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-29 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This excellent report has been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction. This NASA reference provides a review the history of and current state of knowledge about the role of nutrition in human space flight. We have attempted to organize this from a more physiological point of view, and to highlight systems, and the nutrients that support them, rather than the other way around. New risks to human health have been identified, including one related to vision changes in astronauts on ISS. We detail herein data suggesting a tie-in of the folate- and vitamin B12-dependent 1-carbon metabolism pathway with these changes. Recent publications have documented the effects of good nutrition and heavy resistance exercise on bone metabolism during space flight. After more than a half century of human space flight, this is the first evidence of the ability to mitigate the loss of bone mineral density in astronauts on long-duration missions. Although more work remains to be done, any progress is incredibly exciting. Chapter 1 - Introduction * Conducting Nutrition Research on ISS * Blood Collection * Urine Collection * Biological Sample Stowage and Return * Food Intake Monitoring * Body Mass * Chapter 2 - Energy and Fuel Metabolism * Energy Expenditure and Requirements * Energy Intake * Implications for Inadequate Energy Intake * Carbohydrate * Fat (and Fatty Acids) * Cofactors in Energy Metabolism * Chapter 3 - Muscle and Protein * Protein Intake * Vitamin B6 * Muscle Loss and Protein Turnover in Microgravity * Ground Analog Studies * Muscle Loss Countermeasures * Mechanical * Pharmacological * Nutritional * Protein and Bone * Chapter 4 - Bone * Bone Loss * Bone Metabolism * Bone Loss Countermeasures * Exercise * Gravity * Vibration * Pharmacological Agents * Nutritional Countermeasures * Nutrients and Bone Health * Calcium * Vitamin D * Vitamin K * Phosphorus * Magnesium * Zinc (and Lead) * Unique Aspects of Calcium and Space Flight * Urine Processing and Water Reclamation * Natural Calcium Isotope Composition of Bone * Chapter 5 - Iron and Hematology * Iron * Copper * Chapter 6 - Cardiovascular Health * Energy * Magnesium * Ongoing and Future Research * Oxidative Stress * Omega-3 Fatty Acids * Healthier Diets * Chapter 7 - Sodium, Potassium, Fluid, and Renal Stone Risk * Sodium and Chloride * Potassium * Fluid * Renal Stone Risk * Chapter 8 - Space Flight Ophthalmic Changes and Nutrition * Ophthalmic Changes * One-Carbon Metabolism * Folate * Vitamin B12 * Biotin * Vitamin A * Chapter 9 - Immune Function, Inflammation, and Nutrition * Energy Intake * Protein and Amino Acids * Vitamin D * Vitamin B12 * Sodium * Vitamin A * Vitamin C * Vitamin E * Copper * Zinc * Polyphenols * Iron * Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids * Chapter 10 - Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress * Hypoxic Conditions * Extravehicular Activity * Reactive Oxygen Species and Exercise * Radiation Exposure * Oxidative Damage Markers During Space Flight and in Ground Analogs * Antioxidants and Related Nutrients: Selenium, Vitamin E, Vitamin C * Chapter 11 - Pharmacology and Drug-Nutrient Interactions * Supplements versus Whole Foods * Dietary Factors * Metabolism of Nutrients * Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors * Antacids and Proton Pump Inhibitors * Summary of Pharmacology and Drug-Nutrient Interactions
Download or read book Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism in Spaceflight and Analog Studies written by Martina Heer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-27 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of microgravity-induced changes in human metabolism, muscle, bone and the cardio-vascular system, and discusses in detail the nutrient uptake required during spaceflight to counteract these adaptive mechanisms and ensure an improved physical constitution upon returning to Earth. It addresses the needs of professors, researchers and students working in the field of human physiology and nutrition.
Download or read book Human Adaptation to Spaceflight written by Government Publishing Office and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Adaptation to Spaceflight: The Role of Nutrition reflects a (brief) review of the history of and current state of knowledge about the role of nutrition in human space flight. We have attempted to morganize this from a more physiological point of view, and to highlight systems, and the nutrients that support them, rather than the other way around. We hope we have captured in this book the state of the field of study of the role of human nutrition in space flight, along with the work leading up to this state, and some guideposts for work remaining to be done and gaps that need to be filled. NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNTS FOR ALREADY REDUCED SALE ITEMS.
Download or read book NASA Reference Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles of Clinical Medicine for Space Flight written by Michael R. Barratt and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its first edition, Principles of Clinical Medicine for Space Flight established itself as the authoritative reference on the contemporary knowledge base of space medicine and standards of care for space flyers. It received excellent notices and is used in the curricula of civilian and military training programs and used as a source of questions for the Aerospace Medicine Certifying Examination under the American Board of Preventive Medicine. In the intervening few years, the continuous manning of the International Space Station has both strengthened existing knowledge and uncovered new and significant phenomena related to the human in space. The Second Edition incorporates this information. Gaps in the first edition will be addressed with the addition new and revised chapters. This edition is extensively peer reviewed and represents the most up to date knowledge.
Download or read book Nutrition and Bone Health written by Michael F. Holick and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-13 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly revised edition contains updated versions of all of the topics that were in the first edition and has been substantially expanded with an additional 5 chapters. Each chapter includes information from the most up-to-date research on how nutritional factors can affect bone health, written with an evidence-based focus and complete with comprehensive references for each subject. Nutrition and Bone Health, second edition covers all aspects of nutrition and the skeleton, from the history and fundamentals, to the effects of macronutrients, minerals, vitamins, and supplements, and even covers the effects of lifestyle, the different life stages, and nutrition-related disorders and secondary osteoporosis. New chapters include HIV & AIDs and the skeleton, celiac disease and bone health, and nutrition and bone health in space. Nutrition and Bone Health, second edition is a necessary resource for health care professionals, medical students, graduate students, dietitians, and nutritionists who are interested in how nutrition affects bone health during all stages of life.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutritional Biochemistry of Space Flight written by Scott M. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Besides covering a broad range of issues relating to space nutrition, this book presents the knowledge of nutritional biochemistry of space flight that has resulted from five decades of space life sciences research and operations. It covers research and observational findings on space travellers, as well as ground-based analogue studies with human subjects in such venues as bed rest, closed chambers, Antarctica, and under the sea. This book serves as a historical record of nutrition as related to space flight, specifically to nutrient requirements in a space flight environment. Evidence is reviewed from the first days of human space flight through what may very well be the early days of permanent off-Earth human presence. This information has been scattered in research articles and limited reviews that have been published over the years, in some cases documented only in out-of-publication NASA documents. The book will be of interest to scientists and physicians in many disciplines, including nutrition, physiology, biochemistry, space life sciences, and aerospace medicine. The text is aimed at an upper-undergraduate or graduate-student level of understanding.
Download or read book Nutrition in Spaceflight and Weightlessness Models written by Helen W. Lane and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-12-20 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tens of thousands of miles above Earth's atmosphere, orbiting this planet like pieces from a child's giant erector set, NASA's massive International Space Station slowly takes shape. When completed, as many as 16 countries will provide crew members for this orbiting international community. But while this will not be the first extended stay of humans in space-Skylab, Mir Space Station, and Shuttle-Mir missions all involved extended-stay periods-it will give birth to some new questions about one of space exploration's biggest concerns: providing adequate nutrition essential to good physical and mental health in space. Nutrition in Spaceflight and Weightlessness Models consolidates nutritional observations from 38 years of human spaceflight. It is a compilation of nutritional knowledge and accomplishments from the early 1970's to the recent Shuttle-MIR program. It provides basic nutritional concepts, as well as broad coverage, of the effect of space and weightlessness on nutrition status and physiology. Nutrition in Spaceflight and Weightlessness Models addresses the utility of ground-based weightlessness simulations; the role of electrolytes, calcium, protein, iron, and micronutrients in optimal nutrition; and energy utilization by space crews. The book also explores regenerative life-support and food systems for space and planetary missions; the results of basic research in metabolism that illustrate the physiological changes that occur during spaceflight; new concepts and recommendations for astronaut nutrition in future spaceflights; and, the lab capabilities of the International Space Station.
Download or read book Exercise Physiology written by William D. McArdle and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2010 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly updated with all the most recent findings, this Seventh Edition guides you to the latest understanding of nutrition, energy transfer, and exercise training and their relationship to human performance. This new edition continues to provide excellent coverage of exercise physiology, uniting the topics of energy expenditure and capacity, molecular biology, physical conditioning, sports nutrition, body composition, weight control, and more. The updated full-color art program adds visual appeal and improves understanding of key topics. A companion website includes over 30 animations of key exercise physiology concepts; the full text online; a quiz bank; references; appendices; information about microscope technologies; a timeline of notable events in genetics; a list of Nobel Prizes in research related to cell and molecular biology; the scientific contributions of thirteen outstanding female scientists; an image bank; a Brownstone test generator; PowerPoint(R) lecture outlines; and image-only PowerPoint(R) slides.
Download or read book Optimization of Exercise Countermeasures for Human Space Flight Lessons from Terrestrial Physiology and Operational Implementation written by Tobias Weber and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-04 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human spaceflight has required space agencies to study and develop exercise countermeasure (CM) strategies to manage the profound, multi-system adaptation of the human body to prolonged microgravity (μG). Future space exploration will present new challenges in terms of adaptation management that will require the attention of both exercise physiologists and operational experts. In the short to medium-term, all exploration missions will be realised using relatively small vehicles/habitats, with some exploration scenarios including surface operations in low (<1G) gravity conditions. The evolution of CM hardware has allowed modern-day astronauts to return to Earth with, on average, relatively moderate levels μG-induced adaptation of the musculoskeletal (MS) and cardiovascular (CV) systems. However, although the intense use of CM has attenuated many aspects of MS and CV adaptation, on an individual level, there remains wide variation in the magnitude of these changes. Innovations in CM programs have been largely engineering-driven, with new hardware providing capability for new modes of exercise and a wider range of exercise protocols, which, in turn, has facilitated the transfer of traditional, but effective, terrestrial concepts based around high frequency resistance (multiple-set, multiple repetition) and mediumintensity continuous aerobic training. As a result, International Space Station (ISS) CM specialists have focused their efforts in these domains, taking advantage of hardware innovations as and when they became available. However, terrestrial knowledge in human and exercise physiology has expanded rapidly during the lifetime of the ISS and, consequently, there is potential to optimize current approaches by re-examining terrestrial knowledge and identifying opportunities to implement this knowledge into operational practices. Current terrestrial knowledge in exercise physiology is the product of a large number of intervention studies in which the variables that contribute to the effects of physical activity (mode, frequency, duration, intensity, recovery) have been controlled and systematically manipulated. However, due to limited opportunities to perform intervention studies in both spaceflight analogues – head-down bed rest (HDBR) being considered the ‘gold standard’ – and spaceflight itself, it will not be possible to systematically investigate the contribution of these factors to the efficacy of in-flight CM. As such, it will be necessary to draw on terrestrial evidence to identify solutions/strategies that may be best suited to the constraints of exploration and prioritise specific solutions/strategies for evaluation in HDBR and in flight.
Download or read book Exercise Physiology written by William McArdle and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2023-04-05 with total page 3461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a legacy spanning more than 40 years, Exercise Physiology: Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance has helped nearly half a million students and exercise science practitioners build a solid foundation in the scientific principles underlying modern exercise physiology. This widely praised, trendsetting text presents a research-centric approach in a vibrant, engaging design to make complex topics accessible and deliver a comprehensive understanding of how nutrition, energy transfer, and exercise training affect human performance. The extensively updated 9th Edition reflects the latest advances in the field as well as a rich contextual perspective to ensure readiness for today’s clinical challenges.
Download or read book Space Physiology and Medicine written by Arnauld E. Nicogossian and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2009 life science book award from IAA.
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by United States. Superintendent of Documents and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: February issue includes Appendix entitled Directory of United States Government periodicals and subscription publications; September issue includes List of depository libraries; June and December issues include semiannual index
Download or read book Monthly Catalogue United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA Technical Memorandum written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
