Download or read book Measuring Community Violence Trauma and Family Functioning among Youth Living in Low Income Urban Environments written by Kyle C. Deane and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Urban Gun Violence written by Melvin Delgado and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-28 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gun violence occurs in urban areas more than it does anywhere else, and youth of color in these areas are disproportionately impacted in the United States. How can we approach this? What can we do to stop this from happening in the first place? In addition to trying to bolster the barriers one must cross to acquire a gun, we must also focus on the communities struggling with this abuse. In this book, Melvin Delgado approaches this nationwide issue with a specific focus on the victims: detailing the primary issues surrounding gun violence, what social workers can do about it, and why it is critical for those in the field to get involved. Delgado identifies the current strategies used by social workers, providing professionals with the tools necessary to identify key problems before they escalate enough to lead to violence. He also discusses ways to reshape the education social workers receive to make sure they keep these racial injustices in mind in their approaches. Self-help organizations can intervene and potentially reduce the number of gun-related deaths that occur in cities nationwide, but we too often do not look to them after a shooting. Urban Gun Violence presents opportunities for improvement based on the work done by urban self-help organizations in the past. Building off of these organizations from across the US--from Louis D. Brown Peace Institution in Boston to the Community Justice Reform Coalition in San Francisco--Delgado illustrates how social workers can advocate for minority communities impacted by this lethal weapon. With chapters spanning everything from how people obtain guns--legally and illegally--to lessons from the field, the book outlines the path toward successful intervention.
Download or read book Community Violence as a Population Health Issue written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-09 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On June 16, 2016, the Roundtable on Population Health Improvement held a workshop at the Lutheran Church of the Good Shepherd in Brooklyn, New York, to explore the influence of trauma and violence on communities. The workshop highlighted examples of community-based organizations using trauma-informed approaches to treat violence and build safe and healthy communities. Presentations showcased examples that can serve as models in different sectors and communities and shared lessons learned. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the event.
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence and the Trajectory of Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in a Sample of Low income Urban Youth written by Jeremy Jay Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intro: The transition from childhood to adolescence is a period of increased risk for psychological problems (e.g. Keiley, & Martin, 2002). Exposure to community violence, may impact the degree to which psychological problems emerge during adolescence (Grant et al., 2004). Previous research also indicates that low-income urban youth are disproportionately exposed to severe community violence, leaving them at higher risk to experience psychopathology (Grant et al., 2004). However, recent longitudinal research suggests that this elevated risk may decline throughout the adolescent years (Murphy et al., 2000) especially for internalizing problems (J. Twenge & S. Nolen-Hoeksema, 2002). The current research hypothesizes that youth that are exposed to high rates of severe community violence that increase with age, may view internalizing behaviors leaving them vulnerable to further victimization (Guerra et al., 2003, Ng-Mak et al., 2002). To protect themselves, youth most exposed may avoid expressing internalizing distress, instead becoming more likely to externalize. Methods: The current study used multi-group growth curve models to examine the trajectories of internalizing problems and externalizing problems, respectively, comparing low-income urban youth in high and low exposure to violence groups. Symptoms were measured using broadband scales of psychopathology from Achenbach's Youth Self-Report and Child Behavioral Checklist (2001). Exposure to Community Violence was measured using Exposure to Violence Survey--Screening Version (Martinez & Richters, 1993). Results & Discussion: Results support the extant literature that indicates that low-income urban youth are at heightened risk for psychological problems. At wave 1, youth in our sample were more than twice as likely to report internalizing problems (33%) in the clinical range, compared to normative youth (16%). Risk of exhibiting externalizing behaviors was also elevated, with 20% of the sample scoring in the clinical range. Exposure to community violence, in particular, was also supported as a risk factor for psychological problems, as the high group demonstrated more of both types of psychopathology than the low group (as demonstrated by significant differences in intercept in the growth model). Comparison of trajectories (slopes) indicated that both internalizing and externalizing problems declined over time, a finding that was only partially supportive of our hypothesis. Additionally, negative trajectories for both outcomes were found in both the low and high exposure to violence groups, although the decline in internalizing problems was of greater magnitude for the high exposure to violence group, compared to the low group. No between-group differences in slope were found for externalizing problems. Results provide some support for the theory that youth that are exposed to rates of severe community violence that increase with age may avoid expressions of internalizing problems. However, clear support was not found for the hypothesis that these youth turn to externalizing behaviors as an alternative way of expressing psychological distress. Alternative hypotheses and explanations for our findings are discussed. Robust differences in findings were also found by reporter and are discussed.
Download or read book Violence in Context written by Todd I. Herrenkohl and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by four leading violence researchers, this book takes a systemic view, offering a critical appraisal of research and theory that focuses on violence in youth, families, and communities.
Download or read book The Promise of Adolescence written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
Download or read book Exposure to Violence Among Urban Late Adolescents and Young Adults written by Mytien T. Le and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Youths and young adults living in high-risk, urban areas are more likely to be exposed to violence than their counterparts living in lower-risk communities. Research has explored protective factors for youth who have experienced community and family violence. Less is known about the role that activity involvement, specifically extracurricular activities (EC) and civic engagement (CE), serve among late adolescents and young adults in high-crime, urban communities. In this study, I examined the relation of community and family violence to aggression/violent behaviors and post-traumatic stress symptoms among urban late adolescents and young adults, as well as the potential protective effects of engaging in extracurricular and civic activities. The data are part of a 5-wave longitudinal project known as the Flint-Weapons Violence Study, which examines predictors of aggression and weapon violence among a sample of 426 youth growing up in Flint, MI (Bushman, Huesmann, Anderson, Gentile, et al., 2006; Huesmann et al., 2021). Using data from the 4th wave when the sample was between 18-25 years of age, the results indicate: 1) community violence exposure (but not family violence exposure) was positively related to aggressive/violent behaviors and post-traumatic stress symptoms; 2) most of the sample reported engaging in at least one extracurricular and one civic activity in the past year; 3) activity involvement did not moderate the relation between violence exposure and behavioral or emotional outcomes; and 4) negative peer influences did not moderate the relation between activity involvement and aggressive/violent behaviors. Results are discussed in relation to the need to collect more nuanced and comprehensive measures of activity involvement, and to assess developmental differences in the role of engaging in these activities in high-risk urban communities.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Multicultural Mental Health written by Freddy A. Paniagua and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-07-19 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Multicultural Mental Health, Second Edition, discusses the impact of cultural, ethnic, and racial variables for the assessment, diagnosis, treatment, service delivery, and development of skills for working with culturally diverse populations. Intended for the mental health practitioner, the book translates research findings into information to be applied in practice. The new edition contains more than 50% new material and includes contributions from established leaders in the field as well as voices from rising stars in the area. It recognizes diversity as extending beyond race and ethnicity to reflect characteristics or experiences related to gender, age, religion, disability, and socioeconomic status. Individuals are viewed as complex and shaped by different intersections and saliencies of multiple elements of diversity. Chapters have been wholly revised and updated, and new coverage includes indigenous approaches to assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental and physical disorders; spirituality; the therapeutic needs of culturally diverse clients with intellectual, developmental, and physical disabilities; suicide among racial and ethnic groups; multicultural considerations for treatment of military personnel and multicultural curriculum and training. Foundations-overview of theory and models Specialized assessment in a multicultural context Assessing and treating four major culturally diverse groups in clinical settings Assessing and treating other culturally diverse groups in clinical settings Specific conditions/presenting problems in a cultural context Multicultural competence in clinical settings
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Children Exposed to Violence written by Margaret Mary Feerick and published by Brookes Publishing Company. This book was released on 2006 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely, much-needed resource identifies gaps in our understanding of the effects of exposure to violence on children -- and sets a direction for future research to support interventions and violence prevention.;
Download or read book Children and Peace written by Nikola Balvin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book brings together discourse on children and peace from the 15th International Symposium on the Contributions of Psychology to Peace, covering issues pertinent to children and peace and approaches to making their world safer, fairer and more sustainable. The book is divided into nine sections that examine traditional themes (social construction and deconstruction of diversity, intergenerational transitions and memories of war, and multiculturalism), as well as contemporary issues such as Europe’s “migration crisis”, radicalization and violent extremism, and violence in families, schools and communities. Chapters contextualize each issue within specific social ecological frameworks in order to reflect on the multiplicity of influences that affect different outcomes and to discuss how the findings can be applied in different contexts. The volume also provides solutions and hope through its focus on youth empowerment and peacebuilding programs for children and families. This forward-thinking volume offers a multitude of views, approaches, and strategies for research and activism drawn from peace psychology scholars and United Nations researchers and practitioners. This book's multi-layered emphasis on context, structural determinants of peace and conflict, and use of research for action towards social cohesion for children and youth has not been brought together in other peace psychology literature to the same extent. Children and Peace: From Research to Action will be a useful resource for peace psychology academics and students, as well as social and developmental psychology academics and students, peace and development practitioners and activists, policy makers who need to make decisions about the matters covered in the book, child rights advocates and members of multilateral organizations such as the UN.
Download or read book The Effects of Community Violence on Urban Families written by Maria Montenegro-Cebreros and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: The purpose of this review is to answer the question: What are the effects of community violence on urban families? Methods: Sage Journal, Ebscohost, JSTOR, ProQuest, Wiley, and CSUN OneSearch. 1990 to present were searched. Criteria for inclusion: discussed and identified prevalence and effects of community violence on urban communities. Criteria for Exclusion: Studies on community violence in suburban populations and violence in rural communities were excluded. Studies of alcohol or substance abuse in urban communities without community or family violence as well as duplicate studies were excluded. Results: Community violence in the form of neighborhood, school and parental violence impacts urban families in the form of intergenerational trauma, mental health and adverse behavioral outcomes were used to formulate the results. Discussion: The research collected suggests that exposure to maltreatment and community violence may increase mental health symptoms. However, while maltreatment may increase symptoms across a broad range of mental health domains, the impact of community violence is more constrained, suggesting that these environmental risk factors exponentially impact mental health functioning.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Poverty and Child Development written by Valerie Maholmes, Ph.D., CAS and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-05-21 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and integrative, The Oxford Handbook of Poverty and Child Development describes the contextual and social ecology of children living in poverty and illuminates the biological and behavioral interactions that either promote optimal development or that place children at risk of having poor developmental outcomes.
Download or read book Family Environment and Adolescent Hopelessness in Low income Urban African American Families written by Joshua Charles Wimberly and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Literature on the subject of adolescent development in high-risk, low-income neighborhoods has detailed negative consequences for mental health outcomes. These neighborhoods not only affect adolescents, but can increase stress and strain on families. Urban, African American families who reside in high-risk, low-income neighborhoods are not immune from the potential hazards of economic stress, strained familial relationships, social disorganization, and other negative consequences which impact optimal family functioning. Utilizing HLM techniques, this study examined the relationship between dimensions of the family environment and adolescent feelings of hopelessness. In general, a more supportive family environment resulted in lower scores of adolescent hopelessness. However, higher conflict in families also resulted in lower scores of adolescent hopelessness, indicating a need to further explore the nature of conflict in families who reside in high-risk neighborhoods. Directions for future research and implications for social work practice are outlined.
Download or read book Living the Drama written by David J. Harding and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-04-15 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the middle class and the affluent, local ties seem to matter less and less these days, but in the inner city, your life can be irrevocably shaped by what block you live on. Living the Drama takes a close look at three neighborhoods in Boston to analyze the many complex ways that the context of community shapes the daily lives and long-term prospects of inner-city boys. David J. Harding studied sixty adolescent boys growing up in two very poor areas and one working-class area. In the first two, violence and neighborhood identification are inextricably linked as rivalries divide the city into spaces safe, neutral, or dangerous. Consequently, Harding discovers, social relationships are determined by residential space. Older boys who can navigate the dangers of the streets serve as role models, and friendships between peers grow out of mutual protection. The impact of community goes beyond the realm of same-sex bonding, Harding reveals, affecting the boys’ experiences in school and with the opposite sex. A unique glimpse into the world of urban adolescent boys, Living the Drama paints a detailed, insightful portrait of life in the inner city.
Download or read book Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science Socioemotional Processes written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential reference for human development theory, updatedand reconceptualized The Handbook of Child Psychology and DevelopmentalScience, a four-volume reference, is the field-defining work towhich all others are compared. First published in 1946, and now inits Seventh Edition, the Handbook has long been consideredthe definitive guide to the field of developmental science. Volume 3: Social, Emotional, and Personality Developmentpresentsup-to-date knowledge and theoretical understanding of theseveral facets of social, emotional and personality processes. Thevolume emphasizes that any specific processes, function, orbehavior discussed in the volume co-occurs alongside and isinextricably affected by the dozens of other processes, functions,or behaviors that are the focus of other researchers' work. As aresult, the volume underscores the importance of a focus on thewhole developing child and his or her sociocultural and historicalenvironment. Understand the multiple processes that are interrelated inpersonality development Discover the individual, cultural, social, and economicprocesses that contribute to the social, emotional, and personalitydevelopment of individuals Learn about the several individual and contextual contributionsto the development of such facets of the individual as morality,spirituality, or aggressive/violent behavior Study the processes that contribute to the development ofgender, sexuality, motivation, and social engagement The scholarship within this volume and, as well, across the fourvolumes of this edition, illustrate that developmental science isin the midst of a very exciting period. There is a paradigm shiftthat involves increasingly greater understanding of how todescribe, explain, and optimize the course of human life fordiverse individuals living within diverse contexts. ThisHandbook is the definitive reference for educators,policy-makers, researchers, students, and practitioners in humandevelopment, psychology, sociology, anthropology, andneuroscience.
