Download or read book Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Polarization Anisotropy at 40Ghz and 90Ghz with the Q U Imaging ExperimenT QUIET written by Alison Rebecca Brizius and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) contains a wealth of untapped information that will enable us to probe the structure and dynamics of the early universe. The Q/U Imaging ExperimenT (QUIET) was designed to measure these CMB polarization anisotropies at angular scales of 25

Download or read book Observing the Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Anisotropy at 40 GHz with QUIET written by Colin A. Bischoff and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Q/U Imaging Experiment (QUIET) is designed to make sensitive measurements of the CMB polarization using arrays of integrated "detectors on a chip" that can be scaled to reach the sensitivity requirements for detecting B-modes.

Download or read book Twelfth Marcel Grossmann Meeting The On Recent Developments In Theoretical And Experimental General Relativity Astrophysics And Relativistic Field Theories In 3 Volumes Proceedings Of The Mg12 Meeting On General Relativity written by Remo Ruffini and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 2657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marcel Grossmann Meetings are formed to further the development of General Relativity by promoting theoretical understanding in the fields of physics, mathematics, astronomy and astrophysics and to direct future technological, observational, and experimental efforts. In these meetings are discussed recent developments in classical and quantum gravity, general relativity and relativistic astrophysics, with major emphasis on mathematical foundations and physical predictions, with the main objective of gathering scientists from diverse backgrounds for deepening the understanding of spacetime structure and reviewing the status of test-experiments for Einstein's theory of gravitation. The range of topics is broad, going from the more abstract classical theory, quantum gravity and strings, to the more concrete relativistic astrophysics observations and modeling.The three volumes of the proceedings of MG12 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitational physics and astrophysics, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. The scientific program of the meeting includes 29 plenary talks stretched over 6 mornings, and 74 parallel sessions over 5 afternoons. Volume A contains plenary and review talks ranging from the mathematical foundations of classical and quantum gravitational theories including recent developments in string theories, to precision tests of general relativity including progress towards the detection of gravitational waves, to relativistic astrophysics including such topics as gamma ray bursts, black hole physics both in our galaxy, in active galactic nuclei and in other galaxies, neutron stars, pulsar astrophysics, gravitational lensing effects, neutrino physics and ultra high energy cosmic rays. The rest of the volumes include parallel sessions on dark matter, neutrinos, X-ray sources, astrophysical black holes, neutron stars, binary systems, radiative transfer, accretion disks, alternative gravitational theories, perturbations of collapsed objects, analog models, black hole thermodynamics, cosmic background radiation & observational cosmology, numerical relativity & algebraic computing, gravitational lensing, variable ';constants'; of nature, large scale structure, topology of the universe, brane-world cosmology, early universe models & cosmic microwave background anisotropies, inhomogeneous cosmology, inflation, gamma ray burst modeling, supernovas, global structure, singularities, cosmic censorship, chaos, Einstein-Maxwell systems, inertial forces, gravitomagnetism, wormholes & time machines, exact solutions of Einstein's equations, gravitational waves, gravitational wave detectors & data analysis, precision gravitational measurements, history of relativity, quantum gravity & loop quantum gravity, Casimir effect, quantum cosmology, strings & branes, self-gravitating systems, gamma ray astronomy, cosmic rays, gamma ray bursts and quasars.

Download or read book A Measurement of the Temperature and Polarization Anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation written by William Claude Jones and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurement of the CMB Polarization at 95GHz from Quiet written by Immanuel David Buder and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the great success of precision cosmology, cosmologists cannot fully explain the initial conditions of the Universe. Inflation, an exponential expansion in the first ≈ 10−36 s, is a promising potential explanation. A generic prediction of inflation is odd-parity (B-mode) polarization in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The Q/U Imaging ExperimenT (QUIET) aimed to limit or detect this polarization.

Download or read book MAXIPOL written by Bradley R. Johnson (Astrophysicist) and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurements of the Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation on Degree Angular Scales written by Andre Charles Clapp and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Anisotropy written by Lyman Alexander Page and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Cosmic Microwave Background written by Júlio C. Fabris and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-07 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series of texts composing this book is based on the lectures presented during the II José Plínio Baptista School of Cosmology, held in Pedra Azul (Espírito Santo, Brazil) between 9 and 14 March 2014. This II JBPCosmo has been entirely devoted to the problem of understanding theoretical and observational aspects of Cosmic Background Radiation (CMB).The CMB is one of the most important phenomena in Physics and a fundamental probe of our Universe when it was only 400,000 years old. It is an extraordinary laboratory where we can learn from particle physics to cosmology; its discovery in 1965 has been a landmark event in the history of physics.The observations of the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation through the satellites COBE, WMAP and Planck provided a huge amount of data which are being analyzed in order to discover important informations regarding the composition of our universe and the process of structure formation.

Download or read book Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization with the BICEP Telescope at the South Pole written by Yuki David Takahashi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question of how exactly the universe began is the motivation for this work. Based on the discoveries of the cosmic expansion and of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, humans have learned of the Big Bang origin of the universe. However, what exactly happened in the first moments of the Big Bang? A scenario of initial exponential expansion called "inflation" was proposed in the 1980s, explaining several important mysteries about the universe. Inflation would have generated gravitational waves that would have left a unique imprint in the polarization of the CMB. To search for this evidence for inflation, a team gathered in 2002 to design a telescope experiment called BICEP. Sited at the South Pole, BICEP was a novel 25-cm aperture refractor with 49 pairs of polarization-sensitive bolometers. We completed 3 years of successful observations from February 2006 to December 2008. To constrain the amplitude of polarization resulting from inflation, expected to be at least 7 orders of magnitude fainter than the 3 K CMB intensity, precise control of systematic effects is essential. A crucial challenge is preventing systematic errors from introducing false polarization anisotropy signal at the level corresponding to ̃0.1 [mu]K in amplitude. One main focus of this thesis is the characterization of systematic effects for BICEP. We developed a simulation framework for propagating instrumental systematic effects to the final polarization results. Based on these simulations, we established benchmarks for the characterization of critical instrumental properties including bolometer relative gains, beam mismatch, polarization orientation, telescope pointing, sidelobes, thermal stability, and timestream noise model. Guided by these benchmarks, we carefully measured these properties and have shown that we have characterized the instrument adequately to ensure that systematic errors do not limit BICEP's current cosmology results. We have analyzed the first 2 years of data, lowering the upper limits on the gravitational-wave induced polarization by an order of magnitude over all previous experiments. The systematic error analysis has identified what future refinements are likely necessary to probe CMB polarization down to levels corresponding to inflationary energy scales below 2 × 1016 GeV.

Download or read book The Early Universe and the Cosmic Microwave Background Theory and Observations written by Norma G. Sànchez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-12-31 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the Daniel Chalonge School on Astrofundamental Physics is to contribute to a theory of the universe (and particularly of the early universe) up to the marks, and at the scientific height of, the unprecedented accuracy, existent and expected, in the observational data. The impressive development of modern cosmology during the last decades is to a large extent due to its unification with elementary particle physics and quantum field theory. The cross-section between these fields has been increasing setting up Astrofundamental Physics. The early universe is an exceptional (theoretical and experimental) laboratory in this new discipline. This NATO Advanced Study Institute provided an up dated understanding, from a fundamental physics and deep point of view, of the progress and key issues in the early universe and the cosmic microwave background: theory and observations. The genuine interplay with large scale structure formation and dark matter problem were discussed. The central focus was placed on the cosmic microwave background. Emphasis was given to the precise inter-relation between fundamental physics and cosmology in these problems, both at the theoretical and experimental/observational levels, within a deep and well defined programme which provided in addition, a careful interdisciplinarity. Special sessions were devoted to high energy cosmic rays, neutrinos in astrophysics, and high energy astrophysics. Deep understanding, clarification, synthesis, careful interdisciplinarity within a fundamental physics framework, were the main goals of the course.

Download or read book A Measurement of the Degree Scale Anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation written by Calvin Barth Netterfield and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Cosmic Microwave Background 25 Years Later written by N. Mandolesi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of a Meeting held in L'Aquila (Italy) from the 19th to the 23rd of June 1989. The aim of the Meeting was to gather together the people actively working on the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation, both from an experimental and from a theoretical point of view. In view of the intensive current activity in this field, including ongoing (COBE) and forthcoming (RELIC II, ISO, AELITA, etc. ) space missions, a meeting fully dedicated to this important topic was timely. The meeting also celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Microwave Background discovery made in 1964 by the Nobel Prize winners A. Penzias and R. Wilson. We greatly regret that we were not able to have them at the Meeting. There is of course another person whose absence we regret, namely R. H. Dicke, who motivated a generation of experimentalists and theoreticians to open and study this new field of research. As organizers of the Meeting, we would like to express our gratitude to the people who contributed to its success. We want to thank the members of the Scientific Organizing Committee for their assistance, suggestions and encouragement, the invited speakers for their excellent presentations, and the chairmen for their help in handling the various Sessions. We would like to thank P. Palazzi for her help in secretarial work, dr. L.

Download or read book Illuminating the Background written by Nathan James Miller and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cosmic microwave background provides a wealth of information about the origin and history of the universe. The statistics of the anisotropy and the polarization of the cosmic microwave background, among other things, can tell us about the distribution of matter, the redshift of reionization, and the nature of the primordial fluctuations. From the lensing of cosmic microwave background due to intervening matter, we can extract information about neutrinos and the equation of state of dark energy. A measurement of the large angular scale B-mode polarization has been called the "smoking gun'' of inflation, a theory that describes a possible early rapid expansion of the universe. The focus of current experiments is to measure this B-mode polarization, while several experiments, such as POLARBEAR, are also looking to measure the lensing of the cosmic microwave background. This dissertation will discuss several different topics in cosmic microwave background polarization research. I will make predictions for future experiments and I will also show analysis for two current experiments, POLARBEAR and BICEP. I will show how beam systematics affect the measurement of cosmological parameters and how well we must limit these systematics in order to get unbiased constraints on cosmological parameters for future experiments. I will discuss a novel way of using the temperature-polarization cross-correlation to constrain the amount of inflationary gravitational waves. Through Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods, I will determine how well future experiments will be able to constrain the neutrino masses and their degeneracy parameters. I will show results from current data analysis and calibration being done on the Cedar Flat deployment for the POLARBEAR experiment which is currently being constructed in the Atacama desert in Chile. Finally, I will analyze the claim of detection of cosmological birefringence in the BICEP data and show that there is reason to believe it is due to systematic effects in the data.

Download or read book Measuring Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Anisotropy on Medium Angular Scales written by Jason Lee Puchalla and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Precision Measurements of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization to Study Cosmic Inflation and Large Scale Structure written by Darcy Riley Barron and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) are a powerful tool to study and understand our universe. Detailed characterizations of the temperature of the CMB played a key role in the development of the current standard cosmological model, Lambda CDM. Although this model, along with the standard model of particle physics, describes much of the observed large-scale structure of the universe and its evolution, there are still gaps in our understanding. The next step for answering many of these outstanding questions in cosmology and particle physics lies in the characterization of the CMB B-mode polarization pattern. This faint signal is expected to be imprinted at the formation of the CMB by inflationary gravitational waves in the early universe. Detection of this primordial B-mode signal would not only be the first direct evidence for inflation, but would also constrain inflationary models and determine the energy scale of inflation. Gravitational lensing of CMB E-mode polarization by intervening matter also produces a secondary B-mode polarization signal at smaller angular scales. This signal traces large scale structure in the universe, with information about the distribution and composition of matter. This dissertation describes research in instrumentation, observations, and data analysis for measurements of the CMB B-mode signal, including work on three generations of experiments in this rapidly evolving field. Analysis of the galactic plane and CMB multi-frequency data from the BICEP1 CMB polarization telescope helped further our understanding of polarized CMB foregrounds by studying polarized galactic emission and the structure of the galactic magnetic field. The deployment and first season of observations with the POLARBEAR-1 instrument, a CMB polarization telescope, are described. This instrument reached a milestone in sensitivity with our measurement of a non-zero B-mode polarization power spectrum. Finally, this thesis discusses the design and development of the POLARBEAR-2 instrument, a new receiver with expanded capabilities and sensitivity, scheduled to deploy alongside POLARBEAR-1 in 2016.

Download or read book A Primer on the Physics of the Cosmic Microwave Background written by Massimo Giovannini and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: