Download or read book Measurements and Modeling of the Dielectric Behavior of Snow in the 1 0 to 37 0 GHz Frequency Range written by Mohammed Abdelrazik and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurements of the Dielectric Properties of Snow in the 4 18 GHz Frequency Range written by M. Hallikainen and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurements of the Dielectric Properties of Wet Snow Using a Microwave Technique written by Bruce D. Sweeny and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accurate method of measuring liquid water in snow covers is required to determine the properties of wet snow. The dielectric properties of wet snow must be utilized to adequately measure its liquid water content. In this study the effect of liquid water on the complex dielectric constant of natural snow is determined in the microwave frequency range. Deloor's method for calculating the dielectric constant for mixtures and the results of waveguide experiments on samples of wet snow and glass beads are used to construct a calibration curve relating the measured dielectric loss factor directly to the water content of wet snow. The results are independent of porosity, past history and chemical impurities. A relation between the effective dielectric constant and the porosity and water content is proposed and tested experimentally. The general nature of this relation is described and suggestions are made for the development of a more precise relation. It is concluded that the dielectric constant is a function of porosity and water content only.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Digest written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1022 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of the Water Content of Snow by Dielectric Measurements written by Paul R. Camp and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book IGARSS 84 written by T. D. Guyenne and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dielectric Properties of Snow written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is a review of the dielectric properties of snow in the radio frequency range from 100 kHz to 35 GHz. Applicable dielectric mixing formulas are discussed and compared to available experimental data. Below 1 GHz, the dielectric behavior of snow is well understood and has led to development of sensors to measure the liquid water content of snow, while above 1 GHz, the scarcity of experimental data and the discrepancies between the few available measurements, particularly when liquid water is present, are responsible for the rather sketchy understanding of the dielectric behavior of snow in the microwave region.
Download or read book IGARSS written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microwave Remote Sensing of Sea Ice written by Frank D. Carsey and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1992-04-08 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 68. Human activities in the polar regions have undergone incredible changes in this century. Among these changes is the revolution that satellites have brought about in obtaining information concerning polar geophysical processes. Satellites have flown for about three decades, and the polar regions have been the subject of their routine surveillance for more than half that time. Our observations of polar regions have evolved from happenstance ship sightings and isolated harbor icing records to routine global records obtained by those satellites. Thanks to such abundant data, we now know a great deal about the ice-covered seas, which constitute about 10% of the Earth's surface. This explosion of information about sea ice has fascinated scientists for some 20 years. We are now at a point of transition in sea ice studies; we are concerned less about ice itself and more about its role in the climate system. This change in emphasis has been the prime stimulus for this book.
Download or read book IGARSS 86 written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electrical Optical and Acoustical Properties of Snow Report of Committee Meeting written by H. Gubler and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements and modeling of the complex dielectric constant of dry and wet snow in the frequency range up to 100 MHz allow accurate (1% accuracy) determinations of the snow wetness in the range of 0.5 to 30% water content as well as particle shape and possible surface parameters. Ground based active radar systems are in use for snow profiling and water-equivalent determinations. Radar radiometers and active radar systems (ground-, aircraft - and satellite-based) show improved performance for snow water-equivalent, wetness, melt-freeze cycle determinations and snow cover mapping. More work is needed to include and correct for the stratification of the snow cover and the structure of the snow. The most important model parameter is the correlation length distribution which can be directly determined from thin sections. Radar measurements are also used for avalanche speed measurements. Visible and near-infrared measurements of albedo are generally well-explained by model calculations, but further observations and modeling efforts are needed. The most important snow parameter is optical grain size; a second important parameter is impurity content. The influence of snow surface structure on the albedo is less than the influence of these other two parameters, but may be important for very low sun angles. Thermal emissivity of snow is about 99%, essentially independent of snowpack parameters.
Download or read book Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Land Atmosphere Interactions written by 0 Pampaloni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in theory and observations using passive microwave remote sensing have hightlighted the potential of spaceborne sensors for contributing to the required land surface measurements of soils, vegetation, snow cover and precipitation. Furthermore, the spatial resolution of passive microwave observations matches the special scales of large-scale models of land-atmosphere interactions both for data assimilation and validation. In order to stimulate and focus this research a workshop, sponsored by ESA and NASA, was organized to review the state-of-the-art in microwave radiometry related to land applications and to exchange ideas leading into new directions for future research. This volume contains the refereed papers from the aforementioned ESA/NASA workshop, which are arranged by topic, as well as the (edited) working group reports.
Download or read book Proceedings of the Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of an EARSeL ESA Symposium on Integrative Approaches in Remote Sensing 8 11 April 1984 Guildford Surrey U K written by Norman Longdon and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conference Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
