Download or read book Advanced Particle Physics Two Volume Set written by Oleg Boyarkin and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2011-02-16 with total page 1221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a complete foundation to comprehend the physics of the microworld, Advanced Particle Physics, Two-Volume Set develops the models, theoretical framework, and mathematical tools to understand current experiments and make predictions for future experiments. The set brings together a vast array of topics in modern particle physics and distill

Download or read book CP Violation From Quarks to Leptons written by M. Giorgi and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2006-07-25 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a long time after the discovery in 1964, by Christenson, Cronin, Fitch and Turlay, that the long-lived neutral kaon decays both into three and into two pions, which has since been taken as proof of CP violation, successive new and more precise experiments confirmed the original evidence and provided results compatible with a phenomenological description confining the CP violation to the mixing between neutral kaons and antikaons. However the Standard Model, with three generations of quarks, linking as it does CP violation to the presence of a single non trivial phase in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix, implies that if CP violation exists at all, then it is a general property of weak interactions, appearing in transitions were amplitudes involving all three quark families interfere with each other, producing effects with a magnitude related to that of the CKM coefficients. This fact has stimulated an impressive amount of theoretical work leading in many cases to precise predictions. This publication reviews the field, from both the theoretical and experimental point of view, while planning for the forthcoming experimentation at LHC and considering possible new facilities for kaon, B meson and neutrino physics. Abstracted in Inspec

Download or read book Particles and Nuclei written by Bogdan Povh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This well-known introductory textbook gives a uniform presentation of nuclear and particle physics from an experimental point of view. The first part, Analysis, is devoted to disentangling the substructure of matter. This part shows that experiments designed to uncover the substructures of nuclei and nucleons have a similar conceptual basis, and lead to the present picture of all matter being constructed from a small number of elementary building blocks and a small number of fundamental interactions. The second part, Synthesis, shows how the elementary particles may be combined to build hadrons and nuclei. The fundamental interactions, which are responsible for the forces in all systems, become less and less evident in increasingly complex systems. Such systems are in fact dominated by many-body phenomena. A section on neutrino oscillations and one on nuclear matter at high temperatures bridge the field of "nuclear and particle physics" and "modem astrophysics and cosmology. The seventh revised and extended edition includes new material, in particular the experimental verification of the Higgs particle at the LHC, recent results in neutrino physics, the violation of CP-symmetry in the decay of neutral B-mesons, the experimental investigations of the nucleon's spin structure and outstanding results of the HERA experiments in deep-inelastic electron- and positron-proton scattering. The concise text is based on lectures held at the University of Heidelberg and includes numerous exercises with worked answers. It has been translated into several languages and has become a standard reference for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses.

Download or read book Discovery in Physics written by Katharina Morik and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-12-31 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine learning is part of Artificial Intelligence since its beginning. Certainly, not learning would only allow the perfect being to show intelligent behavior. All others, be it humans or machines, need to learn in order to enhance their capabilities. In the eighties of the last century, learning from examples and modeling human learning strategies have been investigated in concert. The formal statistical basis of many learning methods has been put forward later on and is still an integral part of machine learning. Neural networks have always been in the toolbox of methods. Integrating all the pre-processing, exploitation of kernel functions, and transformation steps of a machine learning process into the architecture of a deep neural network increased the performance of this model type considerably. Modern machine learning is challenged on the one hand by the amount of data and on the other hand by the demand of real-time inference. This leads to an interest in computing architectures and modern processors. For a long time, the machine learning research could take the von-Neumann architecture for granted. All algorithms were designed for the classical CPU. Issues of implementation on a particular architecture have been ignored. This is no longer possible. The time for independently investigating machine learning and computational architecture is over. Computing architecture has experienced a similarly rampant development from mainframe or personal computers in the last century to now very large compute clusters on the one hand and ubiquitous computing of embedded systems in the Internet of Things on the other hand. Cyber-physical systems’ sensors produce a huge amount of streaming data which need to be stored and analyzed. Their actuators need to react in real-time. This clearly establishes a close connection with machine learning. Cyber-physical systems and systems in the Internet of Things consist of diverse components, heterogeneous both in hard- and software. Modern multi-core systems, graphic processors, memory technologies and hardware-software codesign offer opportunities for better implementations of machine learning models. Machine learning and embedded systems together now form a field of research which tackles leading edge problems in machine learning, algorithm engineering, and embedded systems. Machine learning today needs to make the resource demands of learning and inference meet the resource constraints of used computer architecture and platforms. A large variety of algorithms for the same learning method and, moreover, diverse implementations of an algorithm for particular computing architectures optimize learning with respect to resource efficiency while keeping some guarantees of accuracy. The trade-off between a decreased energy consumption and an increased error rate, to just give an example, needs to be theoretically shown for training a model and the model inference. Pruning and quantization are ways of reducing the resource requirements by either compressing or approximating the model. In addition to memory and energy consumption, timeliness is an important issue, since many embedded systems are integrated into large products that interact with the physical world. If the results are delivered too late, they may have become useless. As a result, real-time guarantees are needed for such systems. To efficiently utilize the available resources, e.g., processing power, memory, and accelerators, with respect to response time, energy consumption, and power dissipation, different scheduling algorithms and resource management strategies need to be developed. This book series addresses machine learning under resource constraints as well as the application of the described methods in various domains of science and engineering. Turning big data into smart data requires many steps of data analysis: methods for extracting and selecting features, filtering and cleaning the data, joining heterogeneous sources, aggregating the data, and learning predictions need to scale up. The algorithms are challenged on the one hand by high-throughput data, gigantic data sets like in astrophysics, on the other hand by high dimensions like in genetic data. Resource constraints are given by the relation between the demands for processing the data and the capacity of the computing machinery. The resources are runtime, memory, communication, and energy. Novel machine learning algorithms are optimized with regard to minimal resource consumption. Moreover, learned predictions are applied to program executions in order to save resources. The three books will have the following subtopics: Volume 1: Machine Learning under Resource Constraints - Fundamentals Volume 2: Machine Learning and Physics under Resource Constraints - Discovery Volume 3: Machine Learning under Resource Constraints - Applications Volume 2 is about machine learning for knowledge discovery in particle and astroparticle physics. Their instruments, e.g., particle accelerators or telescopes, gather petabytes of data. Here, machine learning is necessary not only to process the vast amounts of data and to detect the relevant examples efficiently, but also as part of the knowledge discovery process itself. The physical knowledge is encoded in simulations that are used to train the machine learning models. At the same time, the interpretation of the learned models serves to expand the physical knowledge. This results in a cycle of theory enhancement supported by machine learning.

Download or read book LHC Phenomenology written by Einan Gardi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers a very broad spectrum of experimental and theoretical activity in particle physics, from the searches for the Higgs boson and physics beyond the Standard Model, to detailed studies of Quantum Chromodynamics, the B-physics sectors and the properties of hadronic matter at high energy density as realised in heavy-ion collisions. Starting with a basic introduction to the Standard Model and its most likely extensions, the opening section of the book presents an overview of the theoretical and phenomenological framework of hadron collisions and current theoretical models of frontier physics. In part II, discussion of the theory is supplemented by chapters on the detector capabilities and search strategies, as well as an overview of the main detector components, the initial calibration procedures and physics samples and early LHC results. Part III completes the volume with a description of the physics behind Monte Carlo event generators and a broad introduction to the main statistical methods used in high energy physics. LHC Phenomenology covers all of these topics at a pedagogical level, with the aim of providing young particle physicists with the basic tools required for future work on the various LHC experiments. It will also serve as a useful reference text for those working in the field.

Download or read book First Observation of Fully Reconstructed B0 and Bs0 Decays into Final States Involving an Excited Neutral Charm Meson in LHCb written by Arnau Brossa Gonzalo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest results on the branching fraction and phase space distribution of B0 and Bs0 decays into final states including excited neutral charm mesons. This work represents four years of research, and the book describes in detail all the necessary steps and techniques required to perform a physics analysis of the data recorded by the LHCb experiment in the years 2016–2018. Although the results presented in this book represent the first measurement of such decays, the text is written in a manner accessible to Ph.D. students and early career researchers. Thus, all the contents included in this book are described in a pedagogical way, including technical details that would allow the results to be reproduced in future. In addition to the methodology used to perform these measurements, the book also includes a description of the theoretical background required to interpret the results presented, as well as a technical description of the LHCb detector, which provided the data sample used in this study.

Download or read book Research Directions For The Decade Snowmass 1990 Proceedings Of The 1990 Summer Study On High Energy Physics written by Berger Edmond L and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1992-09-16 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of the Superconducting Super Collider and other new technologies, coupled with the development of particle astrophysics and other non-accelerator based physics, research in high energy particle physics in the nineties promises to break into new and exciting frontiers. To chart the directions and opportunities for this new decade, the 1990 Summer Study on High Energy Physics was organized in Snowmass, Colorado. Like previous Snowmass Summer Studies, it plays a key role in shaping research directions and in drawing the particle physics community together.This book of the proceedings examines the full spectrum of important scientific issues and opportunities in high energy particle physics in the decade of the 1990's, including research at existing and anitcipated hadron-hadron, e+e-, and ep colliders; research at fixed-target facilities; the scientific potential of possible new facilities such as B factories; particle astrophysics and non-accelerator based physics; and accelerator and detector initiatives. It also discusses the physics and technical aspects of the initial Superconducting Super Collider experimental program.This volume, therefore, offers a captivating glimpse into the future of high energy physics, and makes essential reading for all physicists interested in assessing the exciting new research opportunities the future technologies would bring.

Download or read book Nuclear and Particle Physics written by Brian R. Martin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-02-08 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated and expanded edition of this well-known Physics textbook provides an excellent Undergraduate introduction to the field This new edition of Nuclear and Particle Physics continues the standards established by its predecessors, offering a comprehensive and highly readable overview of both the theoretical and experimental areas of these fields. The updated and expanded text covers a very wide range of topics in particle and nuclear physics, with an emphasis on the phenomenological approach to understanding experimental data. It is one of the few publications currently available that gives equal treatment to both fields, while remaining accessible to undergraduates. Early chapters cover basic concepts of nuclear and particle physics, before describing their respective phenomenologies and experimental methods. Later chapters interpret data through models and theories, such as the standard model of particle physics, and the liquid drop and shell models of nuclear physics, and also discuss many applications of both fields. The concluding two chapters deal with practical applications and outstanding issues, including extensions to the standard model, implications for particle astrophysics, improvements in medical imaging, and prospects for power production. There are a number of useful appendices. Other notable features include: New or expanded coverage of developments in relevant fields, such as the discovery of the Higgs boson, recent results in neutrino physics, research to test theories beyond the standard model (such as supersymmetry), and important technical advances, such as Penning traps used for high-precision measurements of nuclear masses. Practice problems at the end of chapters (excluding the last chapter) with solutions to selected problems provided in an appendix, as well as an extensive list of references for further reading. Companion website with solutions (odd-numbered problems for students, all problems for instructors), PowerPoint lecture slides, and other resources. As with previous editions, the balanced coverage and additional resources provided, makes Nuclear and Particle Physics an excellent foundation for advanced undergraduate courses, or a valuable general reference text for early graduate studies.

Download or read book 60 Years Of Cern Experiments And Discoveries written by Herwig Schopper and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a compilation of the most important experimental results achieved during the past 60 years at CERN - from the mid-1950s to the latest discovery of the Higgs particle. Covering the results from the early accelerators at CERN to those most recent at the LHC, the contents provide an excellent review of the achievements of this outstanding laboratory. Not only presented is the impressive scientific progress achieved during the past six decades, but also demonstrated is the special way in which successful international collaboration exists at CERN.

Download or read book The Standard Model and Beyond written by Takhamsib Aliev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-02 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects the edited tutorial lectures given at The Second International Summer School in High Energy Physics in Mugla, Turkey, in September 2006 - an annual event with international participation and a special focus on work done in the regions of central Asia. With emphasis on the standard model and beyond, lectures were devoted to presenting an introduction and update to many relevant topics.

Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Herwig Schopper and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first open access volume of the handbook series contains articles on the standard model of particle physics, both from the theoretical and experimental perspective. It also covers related topics, such as heavy-ion physics, neutrino physics and searches for new physics beyond the standard model. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access

Download or read book Precision Tests Of The Standard Electroweak Model written by Paul G Langacker and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-02-23 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High precision measurements of weak neutral current and charged current processes and of the properties of the Z and W bosons have established the standard electroweak model as correct down to a distance scale of 10-16 cm, and are a sensitive probe of possible underlying physics. In this book, all aspects of the program are considered in detail, including the structure of the standard model, radiative corrections, high precision experiments, and their implications. The major classes of experiments are surveyed, covering the experiments themselves, the data analysis, results, and prospects.This volume is a detailed reference for theoretical and experimental researchers, as well as an introductory text for advanced students.

Download or read book Vortex Flows and Related Numerical Methods written by J.T. Beale and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many important phenomena in fluid motion are evident in vortex flow, i.e., flows in which vortical structures are significant in determining the whole flow. This book, which consists of lectures given at a NATO ARW held in Grenoble (France) in June 1992, provides an up-to-date account of current research in the study of these phenomena by means of numerical methods and mathematical modelling. Such methods include Eulerian methods (finite difference, spectral and wavelet methods) as well as Lagrangian methods (contour dynamics, vortex methods) and are used to study such topics as 2- or 3-dimensional turbulence, vorticity generation by solid bodies, shear layers and vortex sheets, and vortex reconnection. For researchers and graduate students in computational fluid dynamics, numerical analysis, and applied mathematics.

Download or read book Advances in Communication Devices and Networking written by Rabindranath Bera and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers recent trends in the field of devices, wireless communication and networking. It presents the outcomes of the International Conference in Communication, Devices and Networking (ICCDN 2018), which was organized by the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim, India on 2–3 June, 2018. Gathering cutting-edge research papers prepared by researchers, engineers and industry professionals, it will help young and experienced scientists and developers alike to explore new perspectives, and offer them inspirations on addressing real-world problems in the field of electronics, communication, devices and networking.

Download or read book EEG Signal Processing written by Saeid Sanei and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electroencephalograms (EEGs) are becoming increasingly important measurements of brain activity and they have great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of mental and brain diseases and abnormalities. With appropriate interpretation methods they are emerging as a key methodology to satisfy the increasing global demand for more affordable and effective clinical and healthcare services. Developing and understanding advanced signal processing techniques for the analysis of EEG signals is crucial in the area of biomedical research. This book focuses on these techniques, providing expansive coverage of algorithms and tools from the field of digital signal processing. It discusses their applications to medical data, using graphs and topographic images to show simulation results that assess the efficacy of the methods. Additionally, expect to find: explanations of the significance of EEG signal analysis and processing (with examples) and a useful theoretical and mathematical background for the analysis and processing of EEG signals; an exploration of normal and abnormal EEGs, neurological symptoms and diagnostic information, and representations of the EEGs; reviews of theoretical approaches in EEG modelling, such as restoration, enhancement, segmentation, and the removal of different internal and external artefacts from the EEG and ERP (event-related potential) signals; coverage of major abnormalities such as seizure, and mental illnesses such as dementia, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer’s disease, together with their mathematical interpretations from the EEG and ERP signals and sleep phenomenon; descriptions of nonlinear and adaptive digital signal processing techniques for abnormality detection, source localization and brain-computer interfacing using multi-channel EEG data with emphasis on non-invasive techniques, together with future topics for research in the area of EEG signal processing. The information within EEG Signal Processing has the potential to enhance the clinically-related information within EEG signals, thereby aiding physicians and ultimately providing more cost effective, efficient diagnostic tools. It will be beneficial to psychiatrists, neurophysiologists, engineers, and students or researchers in neurosciences. Undergraduate and postgraduate biomedical engineering students and postgraduate epileptology students will also find it a helpful reference.

Download or read book Top Quark Physics at Hadron Colliders written by Arnulf Quadt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-16 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This will be a required acquisition text for academic libraries. More than ten years after its discovery, still relatively little is known about the top quark, the heaviest known elementary particle. This extensive survey summarizes and reviews top-quark physics based on the precision measurements at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, as well as examining in detail the sensitivity of these experiments to new physics. Finally, the author provides an overview of top quark physics at the Large Hadron Collider.

Download or read book Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories written by J. Thanh Van Tran and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1988 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: