Download or read book Mathematical and Statistical Investigation of Steamflooding in Naturally Fractured Carbonate Heavy Oil Reservoirs written by Ali Shafiei and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant amount of Viscous Oil (e.g., heavy oil, extra heavy oil, and bitumen) is trapped in Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs also known as NFCRs. The word VO endowment in NFCRs is estimated at ~ 2 Trillion barrels mostly reported in Canada, the USA, Russia, and the Middle East. To date, contributions to the world daily oil production from this immense energy resource remains negligible mainly due to the lack of appropriate production technologies. Implementation of a VO production technology such as steam injection is expensive (high capital investment), time-consuming, and people-intensive. Hence, before selecting a production technology for detailed economic analysis, use of cursory or broad screening tools or guides is a convenient means of gaining a quick overview of the technical feasibility of the various possible production technologies applied to a particular reservoir. Technical screening tools are only available for the purpose of evaluation of the reservoir performance parameters in oil sands for various thermal VO exploitation technologies such as Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD), Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS), Horizontal well Cyclic steam Stimulation (HCS), and so on. Nevertheless, such tools are not applicable for VO NFCRs assessment without considerable modifications due to the different nature of these two reservoir types (e.g., presence and effects of fracture network on reservoir behavior, wettability, lithology, fabric, pore structure, and so on) and also different mechanisms of energy and mass transport. Considering the lack of robust and rapid technical reservoir screening tools for the purpose of quick assessment and performance prediction for VO NFCRs under thermal stimulation (e.g., steamflooding), developing such fast and precise tools seems inevitable and desirable. In this dissertation, an attempt was made to develop new screening tools for the purpose of reservoir performance prediction in VO NFCRs using all the field and laboratory available data on a particular thermal technology (vertical well steamflooding). Considering the complex and heterogeneous nature of the NFCRs, there is great uncertainty associated with the geological nature of the NFCRs such as fracture and porosity distribution in the reservoir which will affect any modeling tasks aiming at modeling of processes involved in thermal VO production from these types of technically difficult and economically unattractive reservoirs. Therefore, several modeling and analyses technqiues were used in order to understand the main parameters controlling the steamflooding process in NFCRs and also cope with the uncertainties associated with the nature of geologic, reservoir and fluid properties data. Thermal geomechanics effects are well-known in VO production from oil sands using thermal technologies such as SAGD and cyclic steam processes. Hence, possible impacts of thermal processes on VO NFCRs performance was studied despite the lack of adequate field data. This dissertation makes the following contributions to the literature and the oil industry: Two new statistical correlations were developed, introduced, and examined which can be utilized for the purpose of estimation of Cumulative Steam to Oil Ratio (CSOR) and Recovery Factor (RF) as measures of process performance and technical viability during vertical well steamflooding in VO Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs (NFCRs). The proposed correlations include vital parameters such as in situ fluid and reservoir properties.
Download or read book Development Theories and Methods of Fracture Vug Carbonate Reservoirs written by Yang Li and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-05-17 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development Theories and Methods of Fracture-Vug Carbonate Reservoirs explores the theories and methods for successful development of a fracture-vug reservoir by presenting the developmental strategies used in the Tahe oilfield. Some of the theories and methods of developing the Tahe fracture-vug reservoirs have been inspired by two China national research projects: The 'Basic research on development of fracture-vug carbonate reservoirs' (2006-2010), and the 'Basic research on production mechanism and oil recovery enhancement of fracture-vugcarbonate reservoirs' (2011-2015), with support by the National Basic Research Program of China. These theories and methods have facilitated the successful development of the fracture-vug reservoir in the Tahe oilfield, providing effective technologies and inspirations to developing similar reservoirs everywhere. - Provides information on both theoretical developments and technological innovations - Applies the modern karst formation characterization and the fracture-vug hierarchical structure to geological investigations of fracture-vug carbonate reservoirs - Introduces the karst facies-controlling 3D geologic modeling of fracture-vug reservoir formations - Proposes the coupled-processing and equivalent multi-medium numerical simulation methods of fracture-vug reservoirs - Presents development methodologies and techniques of water/gas flooding
Download or read book Dynamic Description Technology of Fractured Vuggy Carbonate Gas Reservoirs written by Hedong Sun and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic Description Technology of Fractured Vuggy Carbonate Gas Reservoirs delivers a critical reference to reservoir and production engineers on the basic characteristics of fractured vuggy gas reservoirs, combining both static and dynamic data to improve reservoir characterization accuracy and development. Based on the full lifecycle of well testing and advanced production decline analysis, this reference also details how to apply reservoir dynamic evaluation and reserve estimation and performance forecasting. Offering one collective location for the latest research on fractured gas reservoirs, this reference also covers physical models, analysis examples, and processes, 3D numerical well test technology, and deconvolution technology of production decline analysis. Packed with many calculation examples and more than 100 case studies, this book gives engineers a strong tool to further exploit these complex assets. - Presents advanced knowledge in well test and production decline analysis, along with performance forecasting that is specific to fractured vuggy carbonate gas reservoirs - Helps readers understand the characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and current limitations in technology of fractured vuggy carbonate gas reservoirs - Provides a bridge from theory to practice by combining static and dynamic data to form more accurate real-world analysis and modeling
Download or read book Fractured Vuggy Carbonate Reservoir Simulation written by Jun Yao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book solves the open problems in fluid flow modeling through the fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs. Fractured vuggy carbonate reservoirs usually have complex pore structures, which contain not only matrix and fractures but also the vugs and cavities. Since the vugs and cavities are irregular in shape and vary in diameter from millimeters to meters, modeling fluid flow through fractured vuggy porous media is still a challenge. The existing modeling theory and methods are not suitable for such reservoir. It starts from the concept of discrete fracture and fracture-vug networks model, and then develops the corresponding mathematical models and numerical methods, including discrete fracture model, discrete fracture-vug model, hybrid model and multiscale models. Based on these discrete porous media models, some equivalent medium models and methods are also discussed. All the modeling and methods shared in this book offer the key recent solutions into this area.
Download or read book Modeling Wettability Alteration in Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs written by Ali Goudarzi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for energy and new oil reservoirs around the world has increased rapidly while oil recovery from depleted reservoirs has become more difficult. Oil production from fractured carbonate reservoirs by water flooding is often inefficient due to the commonly oil-wet nature of matrix rocks. Chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes such as surfactant-induced wettability alteration and interfacial tension reduction are required to decrease the residual oil saturation in matrix blocks, leading to incremental oil recovery. However, improvement in recovery will depend on the degree of wettability alteration and interfacial tension (IFT) reduction, which in turn are functions of matrix permeability, fracture intensity, temperature, pressure, and fluid properties. The oil recovery from fractured carbonate reservoirs is frequently considered to be dominated by the spontaneous imbibition mechanism which is a combination of viscous, capillary, and gravity forces. The primary purpose of this study is to model wettability alteration in the lab scale for both coreflood and imbibition cell tests using the chemical flooding reservoir simulator. The experimental recovery data for fractured carbonate rocks with different petrophysical properties were history-matched with UTCHEM, The University of Texas in-house compositional chemical flooding simulator, using a highly heterogeneous permeability distribution. Extensive simulation work demonstrates the validity and ranges of applicability of upscaled procedures, and also indicates the importance of viscous and capillary forces in larger fields. The results of this work will be useful for designing field-scale chemical EOR processes.
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts Literature and Patents written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compositional Modelling of Imbibition Oil Recovery Processes in Naturally fractured Reservoirs written by Shamsuddin H. Shenawi and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Predicting Primary Oil Production Performance of Naturally Fractured Carbonate Solution Gas Drive Reservoirs written by Craig Lynn Koontz and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rock Mechanics for Resources Energy and Environment written by Marek Kwasniewski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-09-11 with total page 995 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emphasis in Rock Mechanics for Resources, Energy and Environment is on the application of rock mechanics to the extraction of natural resources, securing energy supplies and protecting the environment surrounding rock that is subject to engineering activities. The book will be of interest to rock mechanics researchers as well as to professionals who are involved in the various branches of rock engineering.
Download or read book Investigation of Waterflood Improvement for Heavy Oil Carbonate Reservoirs crude Oil brine rock Interactions written by Heron Gachuz Muro and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modification of Chemical and Physical Factors in Steamflood to Increase Heavy Oil Recovery written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three aspects of vapor-liquid flow in porous media were addressed: (i) Extension of a previous vapor-liquid model for solution gas-drive to a water liquid-water vapor (steam) system in a pore network; (ii) Visualization of steam injection in Hele-Shaw cells and glass micromodels; and (iii) Macroscopic description of concurrent vapor-liquid flow in porous media. Significant progress was made in the study of reservoir heterogeneity and its effects on flow processes. The authors have considered three general areas: (i) The representation of naturally fractured systems; (ii) The large-scale averaging (derivation of pseudo-functions) for displacement in macroscopically heterogeneous systems; and (iii) The study of parallel flow, typically encountered in long and narrow reservoirs. The third area of research in this report involves chemical additives for the improvement of recovery efficiencies. The authors have been studying the following three aspects: (i) Caustic additives at elevated temperatures; (ii) Foam generation; and (iii) Non-Newtonian flow in porous media. The study of caustic injection at elevated temperatures, specifically the silica dissolution and caustic consumption, has been terminated. A technical report will summarize the results obtained. Here, the authors address the remaining aspects (ii) and (iii). 107 refs., 87 figs., 4 tabs.
Download or read book Predicting the Natural State of Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The power of the reaction, transport, mechanical (RTM) modeling approach is that it directly uses the laws of geochemistry and geophysics to extrapolate fracture and other characteristics from the borehole or surface to the reservoir interior. The objectives of this facet of the project were to refine and test the viability of the basin/reservoir forward modeling approach to address fractured reservoir in E and P problems. The study attempts to resolve the following issues: role of fracturing and timing on present day location and characteristics; clarifying the roles and interplay of flexure dynamics, changing rock rheological properties, fluid pressuring and tectonic/thermal histories on present day reservoir location and characteristics; and test the integrated RTM modeling/geological data approach on a carbonate reservoir. Sedimentary, thermal and tectonic data from Andector Field, West Texas, were used as input to the RTM basin/reservoir simulator to predict its preproduction state. The results were compared with data from producing reservoirs to test the RTM modeling approach. The effects of production on the state of the field are discussed in a companion report. The authors draw the following conclusions: RTM modeling is an important new tool in fractured reservoir E and P analysis; the strong coupling of RTM processes and the geometric and tensorial complexity of fluid flow and stresses require the type of fully coupled, 3-D RTM model for fracture analysis as pioneered in this project; flexure analysis cannot predict key aspects of fractured reservoir location and characteristics; fracture history over the lifetime of a basin is required to understand the timing of petroleum expulsion and migration and the retention properties of putative reservoirs.
Download or read book Development of Scaling Criteria and Numerical Simulation Study of Steam Flooding Process written by Arifur Rahman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canada contains reserves of oil sand and heavy oil resources considered to be the largest amount of unconventional hydrocarbons deposited in unfavorable conditions. It needs more efforts and technological advancement to recover oil from such reserves. Steam flooding enhanced oil recovery technique is applied for more than 70% of heavy oil reservoirs to extract the oil. Threedimensional (3D) displacement model can represent an appropriate approach and model for the steam flooding process. However, their physical limitations make it impossible to duplicate the real behavior of a reservoir in larger scale. So, it is important to develop scaling criteria for depicting the actual fluid behavior for unconventional reservoirs. Scaled physical models have the unique advantage of capturing all physical phenomena occurring in a particular process by transforming the parameters into dimensionless numbers. This concept is applicable to fluid flow through porous media, where continuous alteration of rock and fluid properties can be characterized by various dimensionless numbers. In this study a set of dimensionless groups were developed using both inspectional and dimensional analyses. The new groups of dimensionless numbers can be used to characterize the reservoir rock and fluid properties for better explanation of complex rock/fluid phenomena for the steam flooding process. It should be noted that the complete set of scaling criteria is very difficult to satisfy. Therefore, some of the similarity groups must be relaxed in order to satisfy the most important parameters of the specific reservoir activities. The choice of which requirements to relax depends on the particular process being modeled. Scaling of the phenomena considered to be least important to a particular process might be relaxed without significantly affecting the major features of the process. The choice of an approach depends on the importance of the phenomena that are not scaled by that approach. Major scaling groups were found by applying different elimination techniques. The effect of those dominant dimensionless groups on recovery was evaluated through the study of process controlling parameters. A new group which is called Dykstra-Parsons coefficient is introduced to incorporate the reservoir heterogeneity. A combined dimensionless group was proposed to characterize and evaluate the performance and found to have the largest effect on oil recovery. Sensitivity analysis of scaling numbers is performed to find out the relative effect of each dimensionless numbers on oil recovery. Finally, a numerical simulation study is performed to quantify the effect of steam quality and permeability variations for different reservoirs. This research work leads to the development of a procedure that can be applied to design a steam flooding EOR process. This process allows the assessment of different parameters to aid in the selection of optimum additive concentration to account for the uncertainties due to reservoir heterogeneity. The process is flexible; it can be applied to wide range of reservoir types as there exists a physical commonality between laboratory and field scale.
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pressure Transient Test Analysis of Vuggy Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoir written by Babatunde Tolulope Ajayi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Well pressure transient analysis is widely used in reservoir management to obtain reservoir information needed for reservoir simulation, damage identification, well optimization and stimulation evaluation. The main objective of this project is to analyze, interpret and categorize the pressure transient responses obtained from 22 wells in a vuggy naturally fractured carbonate reservoir in an attempt to understand the heterogeneities of the porosity system. Different modeling techniques useful in simulating well behavior in vuggy naturally fractured reservoirs were developed and categorized. The research focused on pressure transient analysis using homogeneous, radial composite, single fracture, dual porosity and triple porosity reservoir models along with conventional boundary models which show boundary limits including single and double sealing boundary, closure and constant pressure boundary. A triple porosity model was developed, and it proved to be very effective for use in the analysis of the pressure responses obtained from this field. For some wells, the need for new models to characterize the pressure responses in more complex reservoirs was highlighted as conventional models failed.
