Download or read book Systemes Dynamiques Et Modeles Economiques written by Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Canadian Mathematical Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fuzzy Logic and Mathematics written by Radim Belohlavek and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "fuzzy logic," as it is understood in this book, stands for all aspects of representing and manipulating knowledge based on the rejection of the most fundamental principle of classical logic---the principle of bivalence. According to this principle, each declarative sentence is required to be either true or false. In fuzzy logic, these classical truth values are not abandoned. However, additional, intermediate truth values between true and false are allowed, which are interpreted as degrees of truth. This opens a new way of thinking---thinking in terms of degrees rather than absolutes. For example, it leads to the definition of a new kind of sets, referred to as fuzzy sets, in which membership is a matter of degree. The book examines the genesis and development of fuzzy logic. It surveys the prehistory of fuzzy logic and inspects circumstances that eventually lead to the emergence of fuzzy logic. The book explores in detail the development of propositional, predicate, and other calculi that admit degrees of truth, which are known as fuzzy logic in the narrow sense. Fuzzy logic in the broad sense, whose primary aim is to utilize degrees of truth for emulating common-sense human reasoning in natural language, is scrutinized as well. The book also examines principles for developing mathematics based on fuzzy logic and provides overviews of areas in which this has been done most effectively. It also presents a detailed survey of established and prospective applications of fuzzy logic in various areas of human affairs, and provides an assessment of the significance of fuzzy logic as a new paradigm.

Download or read book Mathematical Optimisation in Economics written by Bruno de Finetti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface by B. de Finetti.- G.Th. Guilbaud: Les équilibres dans les modèles économiques.-H.W. Kuhn: Locational problems and mathematical programming.- M. Morishima: The multi-sectoral theory of economic growth.- B. Martos, J. Kornai: Experiments in Hungary with industry-wide and economy wide programming.- A. Prekopa: Probability distribution problems concerning stochastic programming problems.- R. Frisch: General principles and mathematical techniques of macroeconomic programming.

Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys Greece 2005 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2005-09-06 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2005 edition of OECD's periodic survey of Greece's economy examines two key challenges: the need for sustained fiscal consolidation and closing the income gap with the European Union. After an examination of major economic trends, the Survey ...

Download or read book Repeated Games written by Jean-François Mertens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three leading experts have produced a landmark work based on a set of working papers published by the Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE) at the Université Catholique de Louvain in 1994 under the title 'Repeated Games', which holds almost mythic status among game theorists. Jean-François Mertens, Sylvain Sorin and Shmuel Zamir have significantly elevated the clarity and depth of presentation with many results presented at a level of generality that goes far beyond the original papers - many written by the authors themselves. Numerous results are new, and many classic results and examples are not to be found elsewhere. Most remain state of the art in the literature. This book is full of challenging and important problems that are set up as exercises, with detailed hints provided for their solutions. A new bibliography traces the development of the core concepts up to the present day.

Download or read book Decision Making and Action written by Jean-Charles Pomerol and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-27 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making a decision, of any importance, is never simple. On the one hand, specialists in decision theory do not come within the reach of most policy makers and, secondly, there are very few books on pragmatic decision that are not purely anecdotal. In addition, there is virtually no book that provides a link between decision-making and action. This book provides a bridge between the latest results in artificial intelligence, neurobiology, psychology and decision-making for action. What is the role of intuition or emotion? What are the main psychological biases of which we must be wary? How can we avoid being manipulated? What is the proper use of planning? How can we remain rational even if one is not an expert in probabilities? Perhaps more importantly for managers, how does one go from decision to action? So many questions fundamental to the practice of decision-making are addressed. This book dissects all issues that arise almost daily for decision-makers, at least for major decisions. Drawing on numerous examples, this book answers, in plain language and imagery, all your questions. The final chapter takes the form of a brief reminder - everything you have to remember to be a good decision-maker.

Download or read book D cision et Action written by POMEROL Jean-Charles and published by Lavoisier. This book was released on 2012-09-24 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quelle que soit l’importance de la décision, l’hésitation peut paralyser l’action. S’intéressant à la décision pour l’action, le décideur est alors, soit confronté aux théoriciens qui ne se mettent pas à sa portée, soit renvoyé à des études de cas trop souvent anecdotiques. Ce livre établit un lien entre la décision, l’action et les théories récentes de l’intelligence artificielle, de la neurobiologie et de la psychologie. Quels sont les principaux comportements psychologiques dont il faut se méfier ? Quel est le rôle de l’intuition ou de l’émotion ? Comment éviter la manipulation ? Quel est le bon usage de la planification ? Comment rester rationnel sans être un expert des probabilités ? Comment passer de la décision à l’action ? Illustré par de nombreux exemples, cet ouvrage répond, dans un langage simple et didactique, aux interrogations des managers.

Download or read book Evolution and Progress in Democracies written by Johann Götschl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a ground-breaking series of articles, one of them written by a Nobel Laureate, this volume demonstrates the evolutionary dynamic and the transformation of today's democratic societies into scientific-democratic societies. It highlights the progress of modeling individual and societal evaluation by neo-Bayesian utility theory. It shows how social learning and collective opinion formation work, and how democracies cope with randomness caused by randomizers. Nonlinear `evolution equations' and serial stochastic matrices of evolutionary game theory allow us to optimally compute possible serial evolutionary solutions of societal conflicts. But in democracies progress can be defined as any positive, gradual, innovative and creative change of culturally used, transmitted and stored mentifacts (models, theories), sociofacts (customs, opinions), artifacts and technifacts, within and across generations. The most important changes are caused, besides randomness, by conflict solutions and their realizations by citizens who follow democratic laws. These laws correspond to the extended Pareto principle, a supreme, socioethical democratic rule. According to this principle, progress is any increase in the individual and collective welfare which is achieved during any evolutionary progress. Central to evolutionary modeling is the criterion of the empirical realization of computed solutions. Applied to serial conflict solutions (decisions), evolutionary trajectories are formed; they become the most influential causal attractors of the channeling of societal evolution. Democratic constitutions, legal systems etc., store all advantageous, present and past, adaptive, competitive, cooperative and collective solutions and their rules; they have been accepted by majority votes. Societal laws are codes of statutes (default or statistical rules), and they serve to optimally solve societal conflicts, in analogy to game theoretical models or to statistical decision theory. Such solutions become necessary when we face harmful or advantageous random events always lurking at the edge of societal and external chaos. The evolutionary theory of societal evolution in democracies presents a new type of stochastic theory; it is based on default rules and stresses realization. The rules represent the change of our democracies into information, science and technology-based societies; they will revolutionize social sciences, especially economics. Their methods have already found their way into neural brain physiology and research into intelligence. In this book, neural activity and the creativity of human thinking are no longer regarded as linear-deductive. Only evolutive nonlinear thinking can include multiple causal choices by many individuals and the risks of internal and external randomness; this serves the increasing welfare of all individuals and society as a whole. Evolution and Progress in Democracies is relevant for social scientists, economists, evolution theorists, statisticians, philosophers, philosophers of science, and interdisciplinary researchers.

Download or read book Applied General Systems Research written by G. Klir and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 979 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume consists of a selection of papers presented at the International Conference on Applied General Systems Research: Recent Developments and Trends which was held on the campus of the State University of New York at Binghamton in August 15-19, 1977, under the sponsorship of the Special Panel on Systems Science of the NATO Scientific Affairs Division. General systems research is a fairly new field which has been developing in the course of the last two or three decades. In my op~n10n, it can be best described as a movement which involves the study of all structural and context independent aspects of problem solving. As such, it is cross-disciplinary in nature and, in this sense, it might seem similar to mathematics. There is a consid erable difference, however, between the two. While pure mathe matics is basically oriented to the development of various axiomatic theories, regardless of whether or not they have any real world meaning, applied mathematics explores the applicability of some of these theories as potentially useful methodological tools in various problem areas. General systems research, in contrast with applied mathematics, is problem oriented rather than tool oriented. As such, it tries to develop genuine methods for solving systems problems, i. e. , structural type and context in dependent problems. The term "genuine method" is used here to refer to a method which adjusts to the problem rather than re quiring that the problem be adjusted to make the method applicable.

Download or read book Regional economic structure and environmental pollution written by B.E.M.G. Coupé and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental problems, as far as they raise economic questions, even conflicting with pre-ecology economics, can be tackled in different ways. The way chosen by Bernard Coupe was not the French 'voie royale', -a Louis-XIV equivalent of a speedway - but the narrow path, con sisting in carefully implementing a simple but valid model. This model is amenable to many extensions, but it reveals the core of some economic-ecological problems: the search for acceptable solutions when one is confronted with a set of rather narrow constraints. A not uninteresting finding is that 'full-employment' solutions do seem to exist, though leading to different uses of the product made available. How such solutions are to be politically implemented is then a further stage of the reasoning, not taken up in this book. We spent, Bernard and I, many a well-filled hour in discussing the technicalities of the exercise: the consumption and investment functions, with their estimation problems, the treatment of the transportation sector, problems in geometric programming, et de quibusdam aliis. Especially when prefacing the final product, one is particularly pleased to be able to evoke the times past, but well spent. Bernard Coupe will certainly in the course of his development work in Africa, use the spirit and techniques of this approach. We can expect in the future some good reporting on this facet of his work too.

Download or read book Economists in Discussion written by S. Frowen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-04-27 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the correspondence between G.L.S. Shackle and S.F. Frowen from the time Shackle took up his first post-war academic appointment until his death in 1992. The correspondence, partly personal and partly professional, reveals a vital insight into Shackle both as a man and as an outstanding economist. His letters illuminate his thoughts on issues occupying his mind but also show the warmth and tremendous generosity he felt towards his friends. The centenary of Shackle's birth in 2003 seems an appropriate time for the publication of his letters.

Download or read book Catalog of Copyright Entries Third Series written by Library of Congress. Copyright Office and published by Copyright Office, Library of Congress. This book was released on 1968 with total page 1380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes Part 1, Number 1: Books and Pamphlets, Including Serials and Contributions to Periodicals (January - June)

Download or read book Triangular Norm Based Measures and Games with Fuzzy Coalitions written by D. Butnariu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to present, in a unified approach, a series of mathematical results con cerning triangular norm-based measures and a class of cooperative games with Juzzy coalitions. Our approach intends to emphasize that triangular norm-based measures are powerful tools in exploring the coalitional behaviour in 'such games. They not and simplify some technical aspects of the already classical axiomatic the only unify ory of Aumann-Shapley values, but also provide new perspectives and insights into these results. Moreover, this machinery allows us to obtain, in the game theoretical context, new and heuristically meaningful information, which has a significant impact on balancedness and equilibria analysis in a cooperative environment. From a formal point of view, triangular norm-based measures are valuations on subsets of a unit cube [0, 1]X which preserve dual binary operations induced by trian gular norms on the unit interval [0, 1]. Triangular norms (and their dual conorms) are algebraic operations on [0,1] which were suggested by MENGER [1942] and which proved to be useful in the theory of probabilistic metric spaces (see also [WALD 1943]). The idea of a triangular norm-based measure was implicitly used under various names: vector integrals [DVORETZKY, WALD & WOLFOWITZ 1951], prob abilities oj Juzzy events [ZADEH 1968], and measures on ideal sets [AUMANN & SHAPLEY 1974, p. 152].

Download or read book Optimization Theory and Related Topics written by Simeon Reich and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2012 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of the workshop on Optimization Theory and Related Topics, held in memory of Dan Butnariu, from January 11-14, 2010, in Haifa, Israel. An active researcher in various fields of applied mathematics, Butnariu published over 80 papers. His extensive bibliography is included in this volume. The articles in this volume cover many different areas of Optimization Theory and its applications: maximal monotone operators, sensitivity estimates via Lyapunov functions, inverse Newton transforms, infinite-horizon Pontryagin principles, singular optimal control problems with state delays, descent methods for mixed variational inequalities, games on MV-algebras, ergodic convergence in subgradient optimization, applications to economics and technology planning, the exact penalty property in constrained optimization, nonsmooth inverse problems, Bregman distances, retraction methods in Banach spaces, and iterative methods for solving equilibrium problems. This volume will be of interest to both graduate students and research mathematicians.

Download or read book Fuzzy Logic written by Daniel Mcneill and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1994-04-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traces the story of Lofti Zadeh, an Iranian-American professor at Berkeley who began developing fuzzy logic - the way to program computers so they can mimic the imprecise way that humans make decisions.

Download or read book Investment and Factor Demand written by P. Artus and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-05-07 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of the book presents the estimation of traditional models of investment, their interpretation in the light of the disequilibrium theory and their use in evaluating the economic policies implemented during the seventies. The issue of the best representation of the production technology is also addressed. The second part analyses the interdependance of the decisions of investment, employment and consumption of raw materials using simultaneous estimations of factor demand equations, as well as the dynamic adjustment costs firms are facing. The last section illustrates the most recent theories and econometric methods: investment models with several regimes taking into account sales, employment and financing constraints, and the introduction of the uncertainty on future sales.